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Introduction: Assisted reproduction technologies are being rapidly developed and implementation of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) has allowed patients with genetic disorders to initiate pregnancies while minimizing or eliminating the risk of transmitting these disorders to their offspring. Testing for numeric chromosomal anomalies has been proposed as a way to increase efficacy in assisted reproduction; however, this remains disputed. Legislation is lagging behind the rapid developments in this field., Material and Methods: We conducted a structured online survey of legislation and accessibility to preimplantation genetic testing in the Nordic countries to compare the regulation and uptake of this technique. The survey was designed and answered by the authors., Results: Key elements in the regulation of preimplantation testing for monogenic disorders and structural rearrangements are similar in the Nordic countries, although accessibility varies since only Denmark, Finland, and Sweden have national clinics offering treatment. In addition, Denmark and Finland have private clinics offering PGT. Regulation is the most stringent in Norway where a national board evaluates all couples seeking treatment. Treatment volumes vary between the Nordic countries, with Norway and Finland having lowest treatment numbers. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy in the embryo varies between the Nordic countries: Finland and Iceland allow this form of treatment, Denmark and Sweden offer it only in the form of a research protocol, and Norway does not allow it at all. Therefore the number of treatment cycles involving testing for embryo aneuploidy are lower in the Nordic countries than in other countries where this treatment option is more common., Conclusions: Science needs to inform politics regarding the rapidly evolving field of reproductive medicine and we recommend harmonization of legislation and accessibility between the Nordic countries., (© 2020 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether, in a large randomized trial, it is possible to identify specific maternal and/or embryo variables that could independently correlate with ongoing implantation in IVF/ICSI., Methods: In a Scandinavian study, 661 women were randomized to elective single embryo transfer or double embryo transfer. Women aged <36 years undergoing their first or second IVF cycle and with at least two good quality embryos were eligible. Only one cycle per subject was included. In the present study, cycles with 0 or 100% ongoing implantation (n = 520) were analysed regarding maternal and embryo variables., Results: In this selected study group, the ongoing implantation rate was 195/734 (26.6%). In the univariate analysis, first IVF cycle, conventional IVF as fertilization method and 4-cell embryos showed a statistically higher ongoing implantation rate than did second IVF cycle, ICSI and non-4-cell embryos. In the multivariate analysis the same variables correlated independently to ongoing implantation. In addition, ovarian sensitivity correlated independently to ongoing implantation., Conclusion: This information should be used when selecting the number of embryos for transfer with the overall aim to reduce the rate of multiple births while maintaining a satisfactory birth rate.