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This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of training on non-native speakers of Arabic at a university in Saudi Arabia from their point of view by determining the degree of their satisfaction in terms of four aspects: benefits of the offered training, trainers' performance, organizational effectiveness of the training program and the difficulties encountered by the trainees during training. The study examined whether there are differences in the averages of the trainees' responses according to the number of their previous training courses. The surveyed sample consisted of 29 trainees chosen by the intentional method. To pursue the aim of the study, both quantitative and qualitative designs were used. A questionnaire consisting of 24 items was developed and the descriptive analytical method was used.? The results showed that the average responses of the trainees in the areas of the scale as a whole were high according to the statistical standards followed in the study with an arithmetic average of (3.88). The benefit and the organization aspects of the training course received an arithmetic average of (4.63), the trainer's performance came next with an average of (4.61). In the last place is the aspect of difficulties with an average of 1.67, which is at a weak level. The study also found that there are no significant differences between the trainees' responses to the first three aspects according to the number of previous training courses the trainees attended. ?However, there are statistically significant differences for the fourth aspect 'difficulties encountered by the trainees', as the value of (f) is (5.34). The study offers insights into the usefulness of holding such a training program for refining the skills of the trainees and enhancing their teaching strategies to create a better classroom environment.

The study aimed to identify the role of female teachers in activating effective teaching skills and methods among high school students from the teachers' perspective--Najran, KSA. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. Instrument of the study is a questionnaire with (76) items distributing to (3) domains: the first domain is effective teaching skills, the second one is teaching methods, and the third one is the obstacles limiting female teachers' role of activating effective teaching skills and methods. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample consisting of (614) female high school teachers at Najran Region. Results of the study indicated that there are some regulations limiting the work of teachers, and female teachers are very concerned about the participation and collaboration of all students in the different class activities. The female teachers were able to improve and develop their teaching methods according to the assessment results. Results showed also that female teachers are able to encourage students to prepare for daily school work; teachers were able to identify the difficulty levels in teaching the curriculum and that teachers are always smiling and energetic. In light of these results, the study recommended the need for developing daily plans for each lesson, to pose various class questions to students, and to engage teachers in training programs proper to the content of the lesson.

Objectives To analyze the spread rate and the cumulative risk of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) over the first year of the pandemic. Method An online, cross-sectional study involved HCWs who were in-service during the first year of COVID-19 crisis, including all healthcare institutions of Jeddah. History and date of COVID-19 infection were collected to estimate the COVID-19-free time, by reference to 03 March 2020, when the first case in Saudi Arabia was identified. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression methods were used to analyze the cumulative risk of COVID-19 infection and the associated factors. Results There were three peaks of COVID-19 incidence among HCWs; the highest (7.2%) was in September 2020. The cumulative hazard reached 0.10 by the first trimester, then escalated exponentially during the 3rd trimester to reach a plateau at 0.35. The hazard ratio was independently associated with the HCW’s nationality, department affiliation, and receipt of influenza vaccine, as well as the facility type and bed capacity. Receipt of the BCG vaccine in the last year was associated with 40% reduction of the cumulative hazard. Conclusion The identified risk factors and high-exposure clusters constitute a weak link in the national management strategy of COVID-19 crisis and highlight the urgent need to reinforce the in-hospital protective measures. Findings from the present study have strong implication for the viability and resilience of the healthcare system during major health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What values do national curricular statements communicate related to peace, conflict, violence and nonviolence? Schools are places that teach morals and mind-sets--transmission belts--cultural establishments that can contribute to how a student learns (pedagogy) and what a student learns (curriculum). Informed by Curriculum Theory and Peace Education Theory this mixed-method study utilizes directive and summative content analysis to inspect the General Statement, Teachers Guide and Shari'a national curricular statements at the elementary and preparatory level (mandatory education) for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It examines each document for three elements found routinely in peace education (PE): recognition of violence; addressing conflict nonviolently; and, creating the conditions of positive peace. Elementary and preparatory education is compulsory in the KSA and this study found the mandatory education of the KSA has variable content that relates to the three PE elements and that the KSA mandatory curricula only minimally teaches peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]