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Aim: To analyse the prevalence of self-care practices in T2D patients in KSA., Methods: The study was conducted in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Saudi Arabia, and 385 patients were selected as samples. Data were collected using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities-Arabic (SDSCA) and consisted of 14 items related to self-care activities of T2D patients related to management and control of disease and four other aspects related to education and advice from healthcare members regarding management of T2D., Results: The self-care attributes including adherence to medication commitment activities ( M = 6.13, SD = 1.25) were the most practised of all the domains. Glucose monitoring ( M = 4.15, SD = 2.42) and foot care ( M = 3.28, SD = 1.69) were at an average level, and adherence to the diet plan and exercise was found to be at a poor level ( M = 2.57, SD = 1.73 and M = 2.13, SD = 2.00) respectively. About 179 patients (74.3%) were found to be advised to follow a low-fat eating plan, and only 89 patients (36.9%) had received information concerning fruits and vegetables in their diet. More than 90% patients were found to be advised to strictly carry out exercise and blood sugar monitoring., Conclusion: It was found that adherence to self-care activities including diet, exercise, and foot care was relatively poor while intake of medication was strictly followed. The education provided by healthcare providers related to self-management attributes was found to be significant and had positive effects on the overall health and well-being of T2D patients., Competing Interests: We declare that we have no competing interests in this project., (Copyright © 2020 Ali Hassan Alhaiti et al.)

Unlabelled: Pain is an unpleasant human experience, often associated with underlying medical conditions, and a key reason for individuals experiencing pain to seek medical advice. However, the pain experience is unique and subjective, and affects people's quality of life, as well as impacting on their concerned family members. Optimal pain management requires adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, and competent pain assessment measures. It has been reported that oncology nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) have inadequate knowledge, assessment skills and management of pain., Objective: This paper aims to examine nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management in Saudi Arabian hospitals (SA)., Method: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 320 nurses exhibiting considerable racial, cultural, religious and professional diversity, working in oncology units at five hospitals in the KSA. Self-completed survey questionnaires were distributed using the 'Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain' (KASRP) tool., Results: The nurses exhibited a relatively poor overall knowledge of pain management (mean score = 45.1%; 95% CI = 43.9%, 46.2%). The mean KASRP scores varied significantly at α = 0.05 with respect to the nurses' nationality, whether they had attended pain-related courses, and whether they had participated in research., Conclusion: The results indicate the urgency needed to reform pain management education for oncology nurses in the KSA., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)