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Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and lifestyle in childhood with respiratory diseases during adolescence. Methods: Prospective study conducted in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo – Brazil, as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE). During childhood, indicators of lifestyle (body composition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet) and family environment were measured in 2012 and 2013. After five years, participants answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases (asthma and/or rhinitis). Analyses were determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 168 schoolchildren (56% boys) were evaluated, and the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis accounted for 15.5 and 25.6%, respectively. Whole milk consumption (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.24; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.03–1.49), having a television in the bedroom (OR=0.29; 95%CI 0.12–0.71), and attending physical education classes ≥2 times/week (OR=0.30; 95%CI 0.11–0.81) in childhood were associated with the presence of asthma in adolescence. Factors significantly associated with rhinitis were as follows: female participants (OR=2.45; 95%CI 1.20– 4.98) and whole milk consumption (OR=1.21; 95%CI 1.04–1.40). Conclusions: Higher consumption of whole milk, not having a television in the bedroom, few physical education classes, and being a girl were factors associated with respiratory diseases. Public policies should be directed toward a healthier lifestyle and the prevention of respiratory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a common complaint among dental students, especially women, aged 20 to 40 years. This study investigated whether the lifestyle and oral behaviors of dental students affect the presence of TMD signs and symptoms and pain pressure threshold (PPT). Three questionnaires and an algometry test were administered to 100 dental students from a private university in São Paulo. The results showed that women had higher sensitivity to PPT and a higher incidence of TMD signs and symptoms compared to men. However, no significant differences were found in the students' lifestyles regarding TMD signs and symptoms. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between TMD and the lifestyle of university students. [Extracted from the article]

Taking into account the inherent problems concerning adolescent pregnancy and the importance of implementing health actions targeted at that population, this paper aims to identify social characteristics of adolescent mothers who were followed up, during the prenatal period, by the Discipline of Obstetrics of the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, linked to the Adolescent Unit of Hospital das Clínicas. The sample population was composed of the 81 mothers who attended that Unit during the study period. Information concerning personal characteristics was collected by a survey. It was verified that 76.5% of the young mothers had not intended to become pregnant, but with the support provided by the family and the institution, they were planning to have more babies in the future. The majority of them lived with their partner, who, in some cases, became the head of the adolescent's family. Of the 81 mothers, 39.5% did not complete elementary school; 54.3% quitted studying and 49% did not work. Their leisure activities changed and approximately half of the adolescents stopped participating in any leisure activity, during and after pregnancy. The study emphasizes the importance of prenatal and postnatal care in order to benefit those young women and their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]