Search

This article aims to analyze the ontological construction implicit in the Currículo Paulista (2020) and its intentions. Starting from the conception of the curriculum as a field of disputes that impact the ontological formation of social beings, it is worth asking: which ontological conception does the Currículo Paulista (2020) propose to develop? To answer the question, qualitative research methodology was used with document analysis, taking the critical study of Norman Fairclough's speech, (2001) as a tool for understanding documents as a materialization of social, historical and ideological conflicts. In this way, we started with Michael Apple's (2006) conception of the curriculum as a field of ideological disputes and Paulo Freire's (2019) with the ontology of "being more" to understand the impacts of the neoliberal discourse on the ontological formation of São Paulo students. It was concluded, therefore, that the ontology developed throughout the Currículo Paulista (2020) document is strongly committed to the formation of social beings adjusted to capital for the market, with the ideology of "entrepreneurship" as a central element for ontological formation of students as "self-entrepreneurs". Thus, the official curriculum document operates as an ideological instrument in training, constituting an "ontological architecture". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Counterfactual scenario models help in the understanding of landscape dynamics. • There is no correlation between traditional shifting cultivation and deforestation. • The ban on shifting cultivation, justified by nature conservation, was overestimated. Land Use and Cover Changes (LUCCs) have been a cause of great concern for socio-environmental sustainability. Applied study in this field should take into account the history of the interaction between man and nature, and the effect on the landscape that this dynamic projects. This paper's objective is to assess LUCCs with regard to the effect of a nature conservation policy and correlate such changes with the practice of shifting cultivation. For that, historical aerial photos of the study site (a protected area located in São Paulo, Brazil) were analyzed and Markov and Cellular Automata models were built and compared to simulate different scenarios, including a counterfactual one. The results showed that the policy was important to stop pressures against nature conservation and that there is a lack of correlation between shifting cultivation and reducing forest cover, highlighting the fact that the ban on shifting cultivation, justified by nature conservation, can be overestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A longitudinal study was carried out to describe the size and spatial distribution of the stray dog population in the University of São Paulo campus, Brazil from November 2010 to November 2011. The campus is located within the urban area of São Paulo, the largest city of Brazil, with a population over 11million. The 4.2km2 that comprise the university grounds are walled, with 10 access gates, allowing stray dogs to move in and out freely. Over 100,000 people and 50,000 vehicles circulate in the campus daily. Five observations were made during the study period, using a mark-resight method. The same route was performed in all observations, being traveled twice on each observation day. Observed animals were photographed and the sight coordinates were obtained using a GPS device. The estimated size of the stray dog population varied from 32 (CI 95% 23–56) to 56 (CI 95% 45–77) individuals. Differences between in- and outward dog movements influenced dog population estimates. Overlapping home ranges of docile dogs were observed in areas where most people circulate. An elusive group was observed close to a protected rain forest area and the estimated home range for this group did not overlap with the home ranges for other dogs within the campus. A kernel density map showed that higher densities of stray dog sighting is associated with large organic matter generators, such as university restaurants. We conclude that the preferred source of food of the stray dogs on the University of São Paulo campus was leftover food deliberately offered by restaurant users. The population was stable during the study period and the constant source of food was the main reason to retain this population within the campus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]