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Purpose: To find out the prevalence and risk factors for abdominal wall hernias in the general Russian population.Methods: 783 residents of Kryukovo rural community (Central Russia) of 10 > years were enrolled. Medical history was taken and clinical examination was performed documenting hernia presence. Ultrasound examination was performed in inconclusive situations. We considered residents with hernias at the time of examination, as well as those who had previously undergone hernia repair, to be hernia positive.Results: There were 298 (38%) men and 485 (62%) women (mean age 49.3). Abdominal wall hernias have been found in 20.9% of population. 31.2% of men and 14.6% of women were affected (p < 0.0001). Umbilical hernias was found in 10.2%, groin hernias in 8.3%, incisional in 2.4% of residents. 72% of individuals with hernia reported local pain. 70% had never asked for medical advice before, 30% had undergone hernia repair before. Male gender, age, family history were confirmed as risk factors for any hernia with OR 3.9, 1.03 and 2.7, respectively (p < 0.01). For groin hernias male gender, age, family history and rough labour were confirmed with ORs 9.2, 1.03, 2.9 (p < 0.01) and 2.1 (p < 0.05). Risk factors for umbilical hernias were male gender with OR 2.2 (p < 0.01), age, family history and BMI with ORs 1.02, 1.8 and 1.08 (p < 0.05).Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate prevalence of abdominal wall hernias and its risk factors in Russia. The results confirm that hernias are common in a general population pointing the need for improvement of surgical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heredity plays an important role in the etiology of varicose veins (VVs). However, the genetic basis underlying this condition remains poorly understood. Our aim was to replicate top association signals from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for VVs of lower extremities using 2 independent datasets-our sample of ethnic Russian individuals (709 cases and 278 controls) and a large cohort of British residents from UK Biobank (10 861 cases and 397 594 controls). Associations of polymorphisms rs11121615, rs6712038, rs507666, rs966562, rs7111987, rs6062618, and rs6905288 were validated in the UK Biobank individuals at a Bonferroni-corrected significance level. In Russian cohort, only rs11121615 reached a nominal significance level of P < .05. Results of original GWAS and replication studies were combined by a meta-analysis, and polymorphisms listed above as well as rs111434909 and rs4463578 passed a genome-wide significant threshold. Notably, the majority of these polymorphisms were located within or near genes involved in vascular development and remodeling, and regulation of inflammatory response. Our results confirm the role of these polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to VVs and indicate the revealed genomic regions as good candidates for further fine-mapping studies and functional analysis. Moreover, our findings implicate inflammation and abnormal vascular architecture in VVs pathogenesis., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Inflammation was shown to be activated in varicose veins, although its role in the development of vein wall transformation remains inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the influence of 13 inflammation-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) TNF rs1800629 and rs3093661, IL1A rs1800587, IL1RN rs4251961, IL6 rs1800795 and rs1800796, IFNG rs2430561, IL10 rs1800896, TGFB1 rs1800469, HIF1A rs11549465, NFKB1 rs28362491, and rs4648068 on the risk of primary varicose veins (PVVs) in ethnic Russians. We genotyped 709 patients with PVVs and 278 individuals without a history of chronic venous disease and performed a single SNP and a haplotype analysis. Several associations with P < 0.05 were revealed in our study. Variant allele HIF1A rs11549465 T, TNF rs3093661 A, and NFKB1 rs28362491 ATTG deletion showed the reverse association with PVV risk, and allele IL6 rs1800795 C was associated with the increased risk of the studied pathology. Haplotype analysis revealed associations of TNF haplotypes rs3093661 A-rs1800629 G and IL6 rs1800795 C-rs1800796 G with the decreased and the increased risk of PVVs, correspondingly. However, all the observed associations failed to reach statistical significance after the correction for multiple testing, which was set at a level of 10 -3 due to many tests performed. Our study therefore provides evidence that investigated polymorphisms do not play a major role in susceptibility to PVVs.

Two hundred and twenty eight ethnic Russian individuals from Moscow, Russia, were genotyped at 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms CCL2 A-2578G; VEGFA C-2578A, G-634C, and C+936T; TNF G+419A and G-308A; IL1A G-889A; IL1RN T+1018C; IL6G-174C and G-572C; IFNG T+874A; IL1B C-511T; IL10 A+1082G; TGFB1 C-509T. Genotypes were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes and polymerase chain reaction followed by melting analysis of dual-labeled probe. Genotype distribution was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all studied polymorphisms. Genotype data are available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database under identifier AFND 3367 and the population name "Russia Moscow Cytokine"., (Copyright © 2016 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: The study was aimed at comparing peculiarities of varicose disease, its complications, treatment policy in men and women., Material and Methods: The prospective observational study SPECTRUM follows up a total of 866 patients with venous chronic disease. Of these, 615 were found to have varicose disease (VD) (486 (79.0%) women and 129 (21.9%) men). The patients' age varied from 12 to 83 years old (mean age 46.1, median 46). The body weight index ranges from 15.7 to 62.0 (average 27.2, median 26.0). The duration of the disease from the moment of being included into the program ranges from 0.1 to 53 years (mean 14.5, median 11, interquartile range from 5 to 20)., Results: No differences by age, body mass index were observed. Men consulted the phebologist averagely at earlier stages of the disease onset (after 10.9 years as compared with 15.5 years for women; p=0.00001). The frequency of detecting subjective symptoms does not differ along the majority of the measures, with men less often reporting the development of pain syndrome (45.7 versus 65.2% for women; p=0.0001). The proportion of patients with class C4-C6 amongst men and women does not differ (29.5% and 24.1%, respectively; p=0.211). No differences in the incidence of varicosephlebitis, external bleeding from the venous node were revealed. Men were found to have more often total reflux along the great saphenous vein on the right leg (35.7% as compared with 25.1 % for women; p=0.017) and insufficiency of perforants (72.9% versus 59.7%; p= 0.006). Women were more often found to have isolated varicosity of inflows-confluents. 47.3% of men had not previously attended presented consulted for VD, amongst women the proportion of such cases was considerably lower (28.6%; p = 0.000001). Only 6.0% of women had previously not undergone any treatment for VD. Amongst men the share of previously not treated amounts to 23.3% (p=0.000001). Women were statistically significantly more often prescribed phleboscleroobliteration the inflows confluents. The recommendations of phlebologists on using compression, pharmacotherapy, surgical methods did not differ in men and women., Conclusion: The obtained differences are not principal. The course of VD is similar in patients of different gender, which is confirmed by identity of treatment policy.

The article represents the results of the Study "The safety territory of venous thromboembolic complications". 59 surgical hospitals took part in the multi-centered study. The risk assessment of the venous thromboembolic complications and prevention measured were analyzed in 53, 596 patients.

This paper describes the results of the study into the prevalence of chronic venous diseases among industrial workers of Moscow. It has been established that chronic venous diseases are fairly prevalent among industrial workers. They affect the people of both sexes (67.5% of women and 50.4% of men), varying age and occupation. With age their incidence rises. The most significant risk factors of the onset of chronic venous diseases include hereditary predisposition, pregnancy and birth, overweight, and intake of hormonal contraceptives. The study has demonstrated that in most cases, such patients are not rendered medical assistance.