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This article reveals the peculiarities of educational motivation of students with disabilities. It is noted that the educational motivation and professional orientation of this category of students are associated with two risk groups -- intra-personal and environmental risks. By educational risk, the authors mean a factor that has a potential impact on the performance of education at a university. In order to study the risks of students with disabilities socializing, including determining the specifics of their educational motives, in 2018 the authors conducted a sociological study using two survey methods -- questionnaires (with 159 students with disabilities) and interviews (with 14 students with disabilities). Students with musculoskeletal impairment were included in the sample, who, due to explicit health disorders, are one of the most stigmatized groups. The study was conducted at the Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, which has the largest number of students in this category in the Russian Federation. The participating students had almost equally positive and negative educational motives. Important characteristics included the "pragmatism" of professional choice, due to the ease of mastering the profession at the chosen university. It is noted that such motivation entails some risks (for example, a decrease in interest and, as a result, the quality of study). The conclusion emphasizes the importance of access to education (including transport) for students in this group, and the need for an integrated approach in solving the problems of developing inclusive education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ostracizing of mentally and physically disabled individuals is a cross-cultural phenomenon that amounts to what Henri-Jacques Stiker calls a 'murderous system,' which does not kill such individuals outright, but instead indirectly. This as well as Foucault's notions about the construction of madness and deviancy serve as a departure point for understanding tsarist Russia's murderous system of deporting the disabled to Siberia. This article charts this system's operation over the longue durée, from the midsixteenth to the late nineteenth century; describes the motivations and factors conditioning those powerbrokers who exiled the disabled; and provides data on the number of disabled exiles and describes conditions they faced. I argue that the state's exploitation of the peasantry, the peasantry's inculcation of commodifying economic imperatives, and the availability of Siberia's expanses combined to make Russia's a uniquely murderous system that lasted for centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People with disabilities (PWD) are at increased risk of poor mental health. However, this association and the pathways involved remain under-researched in many parts of the world. This study examined the association between disability and psychological distress in nine countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU)., Methods: Data were analysed from 18,000 adults aged ≥18 years collected during the Health in Times of Transition (HITT) survey undertaken in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine in 2010 and 2011. Information was obtained on disability status, the severity of the disability and psychological distress. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate associations., Results: In a fully adjusted combined country analysis, disability was associated with over two times higher odds for psychological distress (odds ratio [OR]: 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86-2.58). The strength of the association varied across the individual countries. Among PWD more severe disability was associated with significantly higher odds for psychological distress (OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.26-3.55)., Limitations: The data were cross-sectional and disability status was self-reported, possibly resulting in underreporting., Conclusions: Disability is associated with worse psychological health in FSU countries, especially among those with more severe disabilities. As poor mental health may also increase the risk of negative outcomes in PWD, this finding highlights the importance of the early detection and treatment of mental disorders in PWD in these countries., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The article considers the problem of access to stomatological care, in particular to prosthetic dentistry, for people with limited health capacities in conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The range of factors impeding to get quality dental services in state stomatological polyclinics and at home was established by empirical study organized in two Subjects of the Russian Federation located in the Central Federal Okrug.

The article analyzes dynamics of main indices of disability in population older than able-bodied age in the Rostov Oblast. The trend of decreasing of scope of examinations of individuals of the mentioned age group, including decreasing the number of first and iteratively recognized as the disabled, against the background of increasing in the population structure of percentage of individuals older than able-bodied age. At the same time, increasing of accumulated disability was established in the studied category of population.