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The constitutional revolution, as the most extensive political and social movement, was one of the most important events in the political history of Iran, which was able to reduce the foundations of the absolute power of the monarchy in Iran to a constitutional monarchy and lead to the formation of administrative and civil institutions and changes in the social structure in line with its goals, i.e. freedom. Justice and independence should be alienated. The question that comes to mind when studying this historical event is why this revolution did not end and failed? In this regard, by using the structureagent theory, some factors of the failure of the constitutional flow were divided into two categories, internal and external. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the role of internal and external factors in the structure-agent model in a descriptive-analytical way. The findings of the research indicate that at the level of the internal structure, factors such as the weakness of the structure and administrative organization, the struggle of princes to gain power, and the differences and heterogeneity between the constitutionalists on the one hand, and at the external level, factors such as the dependence of agents and the obvious interference of Russia and England lead to failure of constitutional revolution and not reaching its goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]