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The present scientific approach, springing from the practical, concrete needs, appeared in the space of manifestation of the role of one of the fundamental institutions of the Romanian state, is based on the wider and more complex reality of Romania's international commitments, particularly the issue to fulfil the obligations arising from its status as a full member of the European Union, in terms of the application of European law, in respect of its fundamental values in relation to the national legal order, especially the priority over the rules of national law. At a conceptual, theoretical level, given these decisive influences of European law on the process of creating Romanian law, in the effective crystallization of the sources of positive law, by virtue of Romania's accession to the EU treaties, the article intends to assess some possible coordinates of the process of reform of the Legislative Council, under the aspect of its obligations on the line of legislative harmonization, in application of the provisions of Article 79 of the Constitution, regarding the essential role of this institution in terms of systematization, unification and coordination of all national legislation. From such a perspective, it is confined to the research of the correlation between the needs of the state, in this case the obligations imposed constitutionally on all public authorities, according to Article 148 of the fundamental act and the concrete realities of the phenomenon, in the projection of the organization and functioning of the Legislative Council, the author advances concrete solutions meant to ensure its institutional adequacy to the weight and dynamics of the European legislation, in a continuous change, in the context of increased institutional efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the formal sources of Romanian administrative law: Constitution and constitutional laws, organic laws and ordinary laws, simple ordinances and emergency ordinances adopted by the Government, administrative acts of a normative nature, customary law, jurisprudence, legal doctrine, the position of the international treaties and the legal order of the European Union within the sources of the Romanian administrative law. At the end of the article we analyzed the need to codify the rules of administrative law in Romania. The codification of the rules governing the action of the public administration presents an indisputable advantage for the citizen who will find in a single normative act all the rights and obligations that come within the content of the administrative law legal relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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There are many intersections in ancient Roman and African law and a superficial analysis of orality in the Roman law of contract provides insights that one could usefully employ in understanding the African law of contract. In Roman law, contracts could be constituted by words only but to incur liability the words had to be concretised by an "outward ritual". In African law purely verbal agreements did not give rise to legal liability. Transfer of property, related or unrelated to performance in terms of the contract gave rise to liability and in that sense contracts in African law differed from real contracts in Roman law. The prevalence and endurance of the stipulatio in early Roman law have been ascribed to the importance of the Roman virtue of fides. It was the non-specialised nature of African law rather than the lack of fides that explains why purely verbal contracts were unknown in African law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]