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Education is a complex system with implications for educational policy and management. Education systems that are more comprehensive generate more equal outcomes, fostering access to opportunities for all children. On the other hand, systems with early selection and tracking are more stratified and register higher inequalities in educational outcomes. Educational inequalities imply unequal access to education and, subsequently, career opportunities. The present study employs classification techniques, such as decision trees, in order to highlight lines of stratification and inequality in the upper secondary education system in Romania, focusing on the selection of students in general or vocational programs. Our results show that the education of parents and area of residence are factors that influence the stratification of students in the Romanian secondary education system, and the selection process contributes to the reproduction of social inequalities. The conclusions of this study are consistent with the cultural capital theory in education. Policy and strategic management implications are discussed in light of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As inherent in man, the evaluation process begins at the moment of our birth and accompanies us throughout our lives. The student's value system is formed during socialisation under the influence of various factors. Family, education, and school have a fundamental role in shaping, preserving, and changing values. It is necessary to know the learner's pre-existing values, what they represent in their behaviour, actions, and words. The student's value system is reflected in their perception and way of life; it determines their relationship with the world, reflecting in their behavioural norms, activities, moral rules they follow, Etc. In the following, I undertake a short presentation of the research on Hungarian young people in Romania with the aim of preparing a kind of chronological, a thematic overview of the implemented research. I will briefly present a couple of value sociology studies; therefore, it is not new knowledge but a thematic presentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The currently Covid-19 crisis has repercussions on all areas of activity, including on the education system not only at the national level, but also at the international level. This article aims to highlight the main effects of the Covid-19 crisis on the education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over time, but especially after World War II, human beings, because ultimately, whether we are woman or men, whether we are young or old, or belong to one race or another, to one ethnic group or other race, we are all human beings, they have asked for a series of rights that we have included in the most important documents with legal value to be recognized, protected and even guaranteed. But today's human being has appreciated that those prized as inviolable, such as the right to life or the right to physical and mental integrity, are no longer sufficient, because in this way one could not speak of a true development of the human personality. This is why, among the rights of the social-economic category, the right to education or the right to scholar instruction was also enshrined. In this article we aim to identify and analyse international and constitutional regulations regarding this right, but we will also try to analyse how this right is respected by the Romanian state if we consider a fundamental duty of any Romanian citizen, as it is provided for by art. 1 paragraph (5) of the Constitution of Romania, republished, namely that of respecting the Constitution and the laws. It is almost impossible not to ask ourselves if it isn't a fundamental duty of our state that the competent public authorities, such as the relevant ministry in the field of national education, to allow access to minimum knowledge in the legal field so that every citizen has the possibility to respect its fundamental duty mentioned above. We ask ourselves if it isn't necessary to adapt the national curriculum to our requirements by including a discipline that gives us this minimal legal knowledge, to help us to became veritably responsible members of today's society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we analyzed the development of the geographical educadon system in Romania, in the legal context of the interwar period, then under the impact of World War II, and during the period of transition to communism (1944-1948). We focused our research on the evolution and changes in the university and school geographical education system and on the causes that generated the respective evolution and changes, which we identified using historical documents. We extended our research in order to include professional associations, geographical research studies and publications, and the educational role of geography within organizations. We carried out our study from several perspecdves: historical, geographical and pedagogical, and it is a synthesis of the impact that historical events had on the Romanian education system, little described in the scientific literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we outlined aspects regarding the effects of globalization on the labor market and education in Romania. We conducted an analysis on the effects of globalization on employment in Romania. The research will be carried out at national level in the period 2017-2019. In our research we used the observation method based on the description of the concept of globalization and the effects of this phenomenon on the employment and education system in our country. Secondly, we analyzed the consequences of globalization on the Romanian education system. The results of the research show that globalization has intensified trade and created jobs. Globalization imposes many challenges at the level of each country, so also at the level of our country, such as: the demographic deficit, the differences between the rights of the employees in different regions, the adaptation to the new technologies, the reduction of the active population, the necessity of the climate approach. However, managing the impact of globalization on the labor market still requires much effort both at the level of Romania and at the level of the EU member states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Except for specific measures (rehabilitation of schools, facilities for transporting pupils from isolated villages, merging of schools, equipping libraries, etc.), development plans specific to rural education cannot be highlighted. Such policies have affected equity and have led to a rural-urban disequilibrium in terms of pupils and conditions for the teaching process. This paper aims to study the trends of the HR structure within education system in Romania by areas of residence, taking into account the rural-urban imbalance that is manifested especially at the level of Romania, the rural environment comprising categories of disadvantaged pupils, being avoided by the qualified and experienced teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the light of the technology development nowadays, the society and more specific, the education area is facing new challenges in meeting the learners' demands. The continuously changing expectations and the ubiquity of the mobile devices in everyday life has led to the apparition of a new modern learning method, the m-learning, whose theoretical approaches will be further analysed, followed by an examination of the advantages and disadvantages for the mobile learners. This paper also investigates the implementation status of mobile solutions on the Romania's education systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we used three perspectives (historical, geographical, and pedagogical) in order to analyze the development of geographical education and of the training of geography teachers in Romania, at the beginning of the communist period, under the influence of the Soviet education model (1948-1962). We underlined the role of the factors that determined major changes in the development of geographical education, on the basis of historical documents and of the most significant historical events. This research is relevant for geographers, historians, and educators, because we analyzed the development and features of the pre-university and university geographical education in Romania, at the beginning of the communist period, little known at the national and international levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International Student Mobility provides opportunities for acquisition, creation and transfer of knowledge. However, little is known about the students' impact on the settings they return to. This article examines the impact of Romanian international mobile students on the origin communities. The respondents indicate a positive experience during the mobility, with language and academic knowledge as the main accumulations. Significant differences are detected in terms of students' impact on the education system and on the working environment. The results emphasize the possible consequences and how the return environments may benefit from the students international experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A historical study on the penetration of French language in Romanian culture and the important role of education in spreading this language undoubtedly contributes to a better understanding of the beginnings of Romania's opening to the West and to its humanistic values. This intercultural research aims to identify and analyze the contextual factors that favored the connection of Romanian culture to the western cultures, the transfer of norms and cultural values, and the evolution of schooling in relation to social class structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any attempt on evaluating the performance of government or of the political system should take into account the most significant political and ideological divisions. The concernment origins on directing towards the public politics can be identified on both perceiving the government inconsequence, and on analyzing the non-contentedness offered by the academic disciplines, as well. A large availability on questioning the efficiency and effectiveness of public services has existed in the last decades in Romania. There are too many examples of non-adequate answers to issues, resulted from the lack of estimation, from not defining the objectives, from the low number of options and from the deficient training of these; the issues can also result from the insufficient implementation or lack of the monitoring and evaluation activities on politics. The diagnosis and defining of such issues has proven to be an extremely difficult task, in conditions of continuous changes and of the lack of qualified staff. A non-satisfaction also exists on the level of poor or limited contribution that the social sciences have on solving the issues. The reproaches are not only specific to Romania, but also: to the Occident, when the same critics were emphasized forty years ago regarding the social sciences, and some of these objections have also remained valid nowadays. The political sciences, being on their beginning in Romania, have been perceived as fighting in order to reach higher and higher levels on abstracting, as in theory of systems, thus moving away from the real issues, and determining the enunciation of some very sophisticated answers to completely not interesting matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to investigate some of the educational mismatches occurred in the Romanian labour market and to try to find solutions for a more rapid adaptation of the education system to labour market transformations. The analysis is based on a quantitative research aimed at studying employers' opinions related to the relationship between education system performances and labour market requirements. The results show that even in a crisis period when unemployment is at high values, employers have difficulties in finding appropriate qualifications for some jobs, or the right candidate for the vacancies. Even current employees lack some important abilities or skills such us: motivation, loyalty or responsibility [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reform measures to be applied to the Romanian education system represent not only a necessity, but, more often than not, a false problem, an outcome of political changing games, a scapegoat for the irrational spending of the public budget and the lack of administrative skill of the co-ordination and decision forums from the Ministry in charge. The expression that best describes the evolution of the education system in Romania for more than two decades from the change in regime from December 1989 is, undoubtedly, 'half measure'. Despite good intentions and experiments to make the Romanian education system competitive on a world scale, our system, especially the Higher Education one, does not enjoy international recognition since none of our Universities is listed among the first 500 Higher Education institutions in the world. We do take pride in our results at international Olympiads and in our graduatesespecially in IT and Medical Sciences- who are employed by Western European and Northern American companies and institutions, but we also display schools that appear from the 19th century and wages only somewhat higher than the minimum wage that determine the best of graduates to avoid careers in teaching. The authors of this study will try to analyse the latest provisions of the law of education, without pretending to be able to cover the entire problem at hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article highlightes some new aspects of the accreditation process revealed by the field visits, coupled with the requirements of the new education law. Major conclusion we reached is that quality assurance in Romanian higher education is that this is not a optional problem but a necessary and mandatory that you prepare future graduates are very quality, condition on the labor market integration of national, European and international community. Ultimately quality assurance in general, particularly in education is a requirement of the new type of social development, a condition of general progress of Romanian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The progress of humanity, over time, was subject to technical discoveries. This puts humanity in the face of new challenges: the transition to information society / knowledge society. This time, however, the focus must fall primarily on quality rather than quantity. Leap which should make it in the third millennium will be one based on the strength of mind, spirit, and not brute force, physical. Terms of new paradigms and expectations of the moment can not be met by itself, the natural evolution of things, but requires focusing on increasing volumes of knowledge and on their uptake. A key role in enhancing knowledge is the educational system. From this perspective, the authors have proposed carrying out a quantitative analysis of the state of the Romanian education is in line with Europe. Another objective of this paper is to achieve a number of estimates relating multiple indicators characterizing education in Europe and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of decentralization of the public services appears when the big centralized systems become inefficient and the state can no longer sustain this level of expenses. This problem is closely related to the debate on the concept of education as a public good. Public goods are often under provided by a free market because people are hesitant to pay for something when they can free ride on the effort of others. So would this happen with education? Unfortunately, the answer is not simple. Some of the benefits of education are private and some are public. I think the key of this problem is to realize that different kinds of education are associated with differing levels of public, private and anti-public benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of lifelong learning society, education experts pay more and more attention to the concept of e-Portfolio correlated with the concept of e-Learning environment. This paper builds upon those issues concerning the e-learning environment and the use of e-Portfolio in teacher training activities. Moreover, the paper proposes a vision of an e-Portfolio's structure based on educational experience gained through implementation of the specific professional development activities for rural teachers in the Romanian Rural Education Project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2015, Romania took an important step toward increasing disadvantaged children's participation in early education programmes through the passage of legislation creating a nationwide conditional cash transfer programme linked to preschool attendance. The programme was modeled on the incentive component of a 5-year pilot project "Every Child in Preschool" ("FCG") initiated by Asociatia OvidiuRo ("OvR"), a small non-governmental organization. This paper explores how OvR used evidence from its pilot, global research, a quasi-experimental evaluation, collaboration with local authorities, and an intensive advocacy effort toward the legislative and executive branches of the national government to achieve the national scale-up of an early education initiative designed to create equal access in kindergarten among Roma and other impoverished, marginalized children., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Gheorghiu, Hawke, de Laat and Papari.)