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The unpublished document - here, the third and last part of it - contains the transcript of the discussions, from June 28-30, 1982, between Nicolae Ceaușescu, the president of the Socialist Republic of Romania (SRR), and Richard M. Nixon, the former president of the United States, who, during the mentioned period, was for the third and last time in Bucharest, in a private visit. In Romania, Ceaușescu and Nixon had met, for the first time, in March 1967, also in the context of a private visit of the American politician (former, at that time, vice president - in two terms - of the USA), the second time, on the occasion of the historic visit official visit to SRR by President Nixon (August 2-3, 1969), the first visit of an American president not only to Romania, but also to a communist state. In 1982, the interlocutors addressed a wide range of issues discussed, from the Romanian-American relations at that time to the examination of the international political situation (for example, the relations between the great powers or the tense reality in the Middle East). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Code of Ethics for Psychiatry adopted by the World Psychiatric Association in 1977, also known as the Declaration of Hawaii, was a milestone in the development of ethical standards in psychiatry. The impetus for the development of the code came primarily from the politicization of psychiatry, first discovered in the USSR, and later in other countries of the socialist camp, such as Romania, Yugoslavia, and the People's Republic of China. The purpose of this article is to trace reasons for the lack of consolidation among Western psychiatrists against the politicization of psychiatry and their efforts to improve the ethical standards in this medical field. Methods: We analyzed unpublished documents from the Archive of the German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, the private archives of the West German psychiatrists Gerd Huber and Walter von Baeyer as well as research works. To examine these sources, we implemented the historicalcritical method. Results: The World Psychiatric Association made efforts to collect, analyze and discuss materials concerning psychiatric ethics in order to create the Code of Ethics for Psychiatry and establish an Ethical Committee. In general, the reaction of Western psychiatrists to the information about the internment of dissidents in psychiatric hospitals was restrained and focused on attempts to solve the issue together with the Soviet colleagues. Conclusion: The international policy of détente of the time as well as collisions between different medical concepts and ethical dimensions did not allow Western psychiatrists to condemn cases of politicization of psychiatry without proir clarification of the situation. The efforts of the World Psychiatric Association in the ethical field improved the ethical standards for psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyse to what extent the emigration of Turks and Tatars from Romania to the Ottoman Empire / Republic of Türkiye had military causes. The chronological limits of the study are the year 1878, when Dobrogea entered the borders of the Romanian state, and the year 1939, when the Second World War started. The analysis is divided into two parts. The first part explains to what extent military service in a Christian army was a cause of emigration and discusses whether the authorities in Bucharest succeeded in integrating Muslims into the Romanian army. In the second part, the interwar period is examined. The study shows that performing military service in a Christian army was no longer the main cause of emigration, but there were local abuses by some representatives of military institutions. These were investigated and action from the central authorities was called for, but the phenomenon, which had complex causes, could not be stopped. This part also explains the attraction that the transformations in the Republic of Türkiye and the military and political skills of its founder, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, had on the Turks and Tatars of Dobruja. A final aspect analysed is the involvement of the Ministry of National Defence in the regulation of the emigration process. The main sources used in the study are unpublished archival documents from Romania and Türkiye, newspapers and magazines of the Turkish-Tatar community, and the national press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unpublished document - here, the second part of it - contains the transcript of the discussions, from June 28-30, 1982, between Nicolae Ceaușescu, the president of the Socialist Republic of Romania (SRR), and Richard M. Nixon, the former president of the United States, who, during the mentioned period, was for the third and last time in Bucharest, in a private visit. In Romania, Ceaușescu and Nixon had met, for the first time, in March 1967, also in the context of a private visit of the American politician (former, at that time, vice president - in two terms - of the USA), the second time, on the occasion of the historic visit official visit to SRR by President Nixon (August 2-3, 1969), the first visit of an American president not only to Romania, but also to a communist state. In 1982, the interlocutors addressed a wide range of issues discussed, from the Romanian-American relations at that time to the examination of the international political situation (for example, the relations between the great powers or the tense reality in the Middle East). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the Papers of the International Colloquium of Romance Civilizations, Literatures and Languages (Bucharest, 14--27 Sept. 1959)--held under the aegis of the Romanian National Commission for UNESCO and of the Academy of the Popular Republic of Romania--as well as on an unpublished document from the private archive of Alphonse Dupront, the present article describes the visit to communist Romania made by the Sorbonne historian, the former director of the French Institute in Bucharest (1932-1940/1941). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unpublished document - here, the first part of our contribution - contains the transcript of the discussions, from June 28-30, 1982, between Nicolae Ceaușescu, the president of the Socialist Republic of Romania (SRR), and Richard M. Nixon, the former president of the United States, who, during the mentioned period, was for the third and last time in Bucharest, in a private visit. In Romania, Ceaușescu and Nixon had met, for the first time, in March 1967, also in the context of a private visit of the American politician (former, at that time, vice president - in two terms - of the USA), the second time, on the occasion of the historic visit official visit to SRR by President Nixon (August 2-3, 1969), the first visit of an American president not only to Romania, but also to a communist state. In 1982, the interlocutors addressed a wide range of issues discussed, from the Romanian-American relations at that time to the examination of the international political situation (for example, the relations between the great powers or the tense reality in the Middle East). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intimate correspondence in the 19th century is an incontestable historiographical use in what concerns the history of the collective mentalities by the valuable information on the correspondents’ life experiences, social life, and people or events around them. The present study aims to offer a sample of how love worked at the mid of the 19th century and the way to express such feelings taking the love letters (annexed) of lieutenant George Pop in Năsăud and Anica Popovici, in Craiova, for the main source. The unpublished documents are preserved in fond Anton Coşbuc – the National Archives of Romania, Service of Bistriţa-Năsăud County. We will try to give answers to the following questions: Who were George Pop and Anica Popovici? How did they meet and how did their relation work? What does the analysis of the two ones’ language tell us on the love relations in the mid of the 19th century? Who were the people around them and how was the daily life then? To answer to, we would analyze and interpret the intimate correspondence between the two personages, using other utile sources especially to draw down the lieutenant’s biography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Orthodox church of Drăguş village (Braşov County), was the last of the painted wooden churches from the Olt region (also called the Făgăraş region, central Romania). The unpublished documents presented in this article were initially preserved by Henri H. Stahl in his private archive, and were, after his death, included in the Stahl Family Archive. The first document, dated April 20, 1933, is a certified copy of a report signed by Valer Literat, a corresponding member of the Historical Monuments Commission (H.M.C.). It describes the church and its state of decay. The rapporteur extolls the beauty of the church's interior wall paintings, recommending the church be restored as soon as possible. The second document is a request, signed by Nicolae Iorga, President of the H.M.C., and is addressed to the Minister of Instruction, Cults and Arts, Dimitrie Gusti, the leader of the Sociological School of Bucharest and initiator of the monographic campaigns undertaken in several Romanian villages in the interwar period. Based on the positive report that he attached to his request, Iorga asked for funding, to undertake the restoration of the church. The monographic campaign of 1929 drew attention to the wooden church in Drăguş, but for reasons which remain unknown, it was never restored and no longer exists. Based on currently available sources, including valuable archival material, this article reconstructs the 1933 events and tries to learn more about the old church from Drăguş village and the historical context in which it was in use. Thus, this article complements the subsequent article in this volume, authored by Irina Stahl, regarding the order of places within the church, introducing and clarifying several aspects that will later be expanded upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an unpublished study written by Silviu Dragomir in the context of the dispute between Romanian and Hungarian historians on the status of the Romanians in Transylvania, north of the Danube in general, and in Transylvania and Hungary in particular. After World War I, the reduction of Hungary to its ethnic borders and the presence of major Hungarian ethnic groups in the successor states gradually generated a very strong revisionist movement whose peak was reached at the beginning of World War II. Romania advocated the opposite position, namely the preservation of the borders established by the Versailles system. In both countries, historical writing was put in the service of the national cause. Dragomir's study , found in manuscript form in the Library of the Romanian Academy , was prepared by the author either for a conference, or as a preliminary material in view of its subsequent publication, and it deals with the earliest references to the Romanians in Hungarian and papal documents. This study of Silviu Dragomir, despite the combative stance assumed by the author, remains a model of analysis for the Transylvanian Middle Ages, highly relevant and pertinent even today . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article is based both on unpublished documents - from the Romanian Military archives - as well as on published studies about the Little Entente. We have tried to render the work and role of the Romanian military attaches - in Prague and Belgrade - in the context of military cooperation within the Little Entente. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the writings and importance of the 1848 revolutionary from Romania, the Transylvanian Saxon Theodor Fabini, whose public reception and reputation are said to have become dimmed in the first half of the 20th century. The author's analysis of twenty-three of Fabini's letters, eight of them previously unpublished, purportedly yields insight into the forces that propelled him to become a national sacrificial hero, killed in a Saxon and Romanian uprising against the Hungarian government.