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The research proposed to evaluate the influence of the seminal material on milk production. Also was studied seminal material from different countries in order to determinate if the origin influence as well, genotype - environment correlation. The study was carried out on Holstein cows from Romania and data provided by Holstein Ro association. For sires values were consulted international website, recognized worldwide, like dairybulls.com, where the data are published by CDCB (Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding) or INTERBULL. The cows that took part at the research were all at their first lactation, from farms located throughout Romania. After establishing the groups of contemporaries, the real production achieved on standard lactation was compared with the surplus amount of milk due to the sire's values, in order to see if the expected result was achieved. For avoiding error conclusions were compared cows from the same farm, same sire, in that working hypothesis the feeding influence is removed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a comprehensive study of the strategic approach, in the context of global population growth, to create more food using current natural resources. Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) can provide aquaculture products in much larger quantities using the same resources involved. Harnessing all the waste in the waters for this purpose brings multiple environmental and economic benefits. In the context of the circular economy, IMTA principles aim to significantly reduce waste and degrade the environment, but without restricting economic and social progress. In Romania, polyculture fish farming is practised to exploit all aquatic resources in fish farms. Each fish species is selected so that it can be nutritionally supported with natural feed from the environment, and various types of feed can be used to increase production. The results of the study can be used to improve the aquaculture development strategy, in the environmental sustainability context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food production is experiencing nowadays the transition to "smart" products which are processed by new protective techniques or minimally processed; there is also an increasing interest in traditional foods, which are perceived as healthier, and more environmentally friendly. In this regard, EU agricultural policies are based on specific measures for the entire food chain, aimed at reducing food waste and increasing sustainability; this has an essential role in protecting the availability, accessibility, and quality of agri-food products. In this paper, we focused on presenting the main categories of foods and drinks protected by geographical indication schemes PDO (Protected Designation of Origin), PGI (Protected Geographical Indication), TSG (Traditional Speciality Guaranteed), GI (Geographical Indication) at the EU and Romanian levels. We presented the statistics based on eAmbrosia EU and the Romanian Ministry of Agriculture database, the procedure for registration, and the role of this certification for the producers, community reputation, and branding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient breeding of dairy goats depends on the quality of the breeds and the number of high-producing animals, but it also depends to a large extent on the fertility of the goats, their ability to reproduce offspring with normal reproductive functions. Although goat research worldwide is older and more developed than in Romania, information on this species has been limited for a long time, as most research institutes have presented their results jointly for small ruminants, especially sheep and goats. Artificial insemination (AI) is an assisted reproductive technology that involves the manual placement of semen into the female's reproductive tract through means other than natural mating. This method facilitates the meeting of gametes, namely sperm and oocytes, resulting in the formation of offspring. The conventional method for artificial insemination (AI) in sheep and goats in Romania involves the use of fresh or chilled semen, which has provided satisfactory fertility outcomes. The implementation of genetic enhancement techniques and the utilization of imported semen that meets safety standards, necessitating the use of cryopreservation, have the potential to significantly improve milk yield. The objective of this study was to examine the dynamics of artificial insemination (AI) in goats within Romania and to generate a short-term forecast regarding the utilization of this biotechnology in the country's farming conditions. The analysis of the forecast data indicates a positive trajectory in the quantity of AI within the time frame of 2022 to 2026. Specifically, it is anticipated that the number of AI will rise from 2956 in 2023 to 3603 in 2026, signifying an approximate 18% increase. The upper confidence limit suggests that the range of AI could potentially reach between 4310 in 2023 and 6311 in 2026. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shad (Alosa spp.) is an important fish species and has high economic value. Commonly, it is found in the Black Sea basin and is represented by four species and one subspecies: Alosa maeotica, Alosa tanaica, Alosa immaculata, Alosa caspia, which are distributed in the Black Sea. For the Romanian fishery sector, the Pontic shad (Alosa immaculata) is an important fishery resource. The attractiveness of the Pontic shad fishery, both in the sea and especially in the Danube River (during the migration period), depends on the seasonal nature of this activity but also the interest of consumers for these species. Consumers' interest for Pontic shad is due to both the flavor of the meat and its nutritional qualities. According to IUCN, Pontic shad is estimated as a vulnerable fish species, stocks being affected by the construction of the Iron Gates I and II hydroelectrical dams. In this context, this paper aims to present an overview of the current stocks state of the Pontic shad in the context of environmental and exploitation conditions in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to evaluate the correlation between the conformation traits and milk production at Holstein cows in Romania. It is well known the fact that milk production is influenced by many factors like: management, genetics, nutrition, season etc. But this study wants to reveal if the milk production is correlated with the conformation traits and how they influence it. In the study were taken farms from three different areas of Romania, East, South and West, also were analyzed farms of different size (small, medium and big). The animals that took part at the study were at first, second or third lactation. For all the cows were appreciated a number of 22 characters, characters that are separated in five different groups: dairy capacity, dairy character, rump, feet & legs and mammary. All the classified animals were between 20-120 days in lactation. To avoid possible inconclusive conclusion, in the study were compared cows from same area, farm dimension and number of lactation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study followed for a period of two years the evolution of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boars in Romania in 188 hunting funds from 41 counties. A total of 1471 positive boars were identified with African swine fever, of which 1217 were found dead and 254 were harvested positive by hunting. Several ways of disseminating the disease specific to the Romanian territory have been identified. A specific transboundary diseases crossing also was described. In parallel, the African swine fever dynamics was compared with the classical swine fever in wild boars. From the analysis of the data obtained, two models of the spread of the disease in the wild fauna were identified. Comparing the harvest of the two hunting seasons, a wave movement was observed from east to west of Romania, the number of cases remaining constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is a part of an ample research regarding the pheasant exploitation systems. In Romania, the main game, for a long period, it was the hare. In the last decade the hare population has recorded a significant decreasing. In these conditions, the hunters will increase the pressure on pheasants. It is now very important, from economically point of view but not only, to produce more pheasants. Because of the Romanian politics regarding the protection of predatory game, an important increasing of pheasant population, in wild conditions, it is impossible. The pheasant farms from Romania were established between 1970 and 1980. The main purpose of these farms was to produce pheasant meat for export, and only secondary to produce individuals for population of hunting areas. More than that, the individuals obtained are less resistant, becoming an easy prey for predators. In these conditions, the knowledge of the other functional models from the western states and not only has a special importance. The literature cites record harvests of 10,000 pheasants annually on a plot of approximately 17,000 acres (approximately 6,883 ha). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to make an analysis of the evolution of the Aberdeen Angus breed in Romania. This research paper desire to be a first response to the many questions about accommodation, advantages, disadvantages, bio-acclimatization and profitability of the Aberdeen Angus cattle breed at national level, compared with the country of origin Scotland and with the countries with great success in raising this breed. The first embryo transfer was performed in 2000 and at the end of 2008 there took place the first cattle import of 120 heifers Aberdeen Angus breed from Germany. Now in 2019 we have in the Aberdeen Angus Romanian Herdbook 45.000 cattle in all area of Romania. During this research we noticed that the Aberdeen Angus breed is accommodating well in the Romanian pedoclimate conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Confectionery is one of the food industry sectors with the greatest dynamics and innovation in Romania. Cooperation among confectioners, ingredient producers and food technologists is useful to the technologies and recipes development and optimisation, and intelligent use of ingredients in order to meet the consumers' expectations and demanding. The present work focused on the investigation of consumer's behaviour regarding purchasing of the confectionary products and to identify the factors affecting the impact on the purchasing decision. Data were obtained based on a questionnaire and the respondents were selected based on conventional sampling procedures. Data analysis and results interpreting were done using statistical techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was based on 34 Gidran, Lipizzaner, Semigreu Românesc and Pure Arabian stallions from Public Mount Unity of Tulucești studfarm, Galați county, Romania. These horses were reared in troops where they have been used or assessed as public mount stallions after promoting the specific ranking activity. They were appreciated regarding the usual measurements used on horses (height, thorax perimeter and cannon girth) at current criteria evaluation, where they obtained very satisfying marks. The results show that the stallions can be included, based on body measurements, in Elite class, which proves that they should continue to reproduce in Tulucești National studfarm; thus a high biological material will be obtained, which indicates that the main purpose of studfarm will be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mediterranean horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus, (Steindachner, 1868) is one of the most exploited commercial species of the fisheries in the Black Sea basin. Their economic importance and the need of adequate measures for conservation and management of this resource, require more information about their population dynamics. This paper presents results on temporal variations of total length and weight, age composition, growth parameters and sex ratio of the Mediterranean horse mackerel populations, on the Romanian Black Sea coast. Their mean total length was higher in 2018 than in 2017. One and two year old individuals dominated during the period 2017 to 2018. Females dominated in both 2017 (63%) and 2018 (57%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the study done on the frame model technology used for adapting the bees the pedoclimate conditions of Romania. It is based on the observation done on four models, two widely used ones (Dadant and Layenes) and two models than provide conditions closer to the ones the bee hive experiences in nature (Warre and Dellon). Considering the current weather conditions and taking into account that bee family should have a strong development in the spring time to acquire a large quantity of bee forage in the first major harvesting of the year (harvesting canola), we concluded that the pattern of the hive most used in Romania (Dadant hive) no longer meets the requirements. To better understand the development of bee colonies in natural conditions, we began to study swarms of bees who have found shelter in hollow trees in the wilderness. By studding a swarm of bees that form a family in natural conditions (in a hollow tree and without any human intervention), we can see that they prefer a round enclosure and stat building combs from the top down. As bees begin to bring in nectar reserves, honeycomb building will continue so that the queen cans oviposition, while food reserves will be stored in the top of the hive. Bees prefer not to overcome the honeycombs with honey, and concentrate in the center where the area is more easily heated. Best results were observed in hives with an inner diameter of 25-35 cm and a height of 70-120 cm. If we take into account that the winter mat has a diameter of 26 to 30 cm, we can see that these families enclosures in the winter conditions were entirely occupied by the wintering ball and that the displacement occurred only vertically. Higher temperatures were observed above the wintering ball so than honey is kept a higher temperature, and thus keep its liquid state and be ready for consumption by the bees. If the temperature drops below a certain level and the bees only have food reserves in one side of the ball, they cannot move left or right to consume the honey and starve, even though they have food reserves in the hive. The conclusion reached after the research is that the Layens frame with the internal dimensions of 310x370 mm and a total area of 11.47 dm2 best suits this purpose, but the technology of the Layens frame model can be adapted to the pedoclimate conditions of Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]