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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differences in characteristics, clinical stages, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on sex differences using Korean nationwide registry data., Methods: We analyzed the data of 8650 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 2014 and 2017, obtained from the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Registry (KALC-R). The Cox proportional hazard model was used to define the differences in survival based on sex. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for differences between men and women., Results: Of a total of 10 943 patients, 8650 (79.1%) were diagnosed with NSCLC, of whom 68.7% were men and 31.3% were women. For NSCLC, the median age was higher (69.0 vs. 67.0, p < 0.001) and the proportion of ever-smokers (84.5% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.001) was higher in men. Adenocarcinoma (55.5% vs. 90.4%, p < 0.001) and stage I NSCLC (26.3% vs. 41.3%, p < 0.001) were more common in women. Survival was significantly lower in men with NSCLC (hazard ratio [HR] 1.493 [95% confidence interval, CI 1.238-1.800], p < 0.001) even after adjusting for meaningful clinical variables, and in the matched cohort (HR 1.339 [1.075-1.667], p = 0.009). Similarly, survival was significantly lower in men with stage IV adenocarcinoma after adjusting for other clinical variables (HR 1.493 [1.238-1.800], p < 0.001) and in the matched cohort (HR 1.339 [1.075-1.667]; p = 0.009)., Conclusions: Male patients with NSCLC had poorer prognosis, not only after variable adjustments for prognostic factors, but also in the matched cohort., (© 2022 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Falling is one of the leading causes of injury among elderly populations. As the population over 65 years old increases, medical costs due to falling will also increase. Urban and rural areas have different fall characteristics, and research into these differences is lacking.A survey was conducted on 2012 people over 60 years old between September 1, 2015, to October 12, 2015. Guro-gu (Seoul), Yeongdeungpo-gu (Seoul), and Jung-gu (Daegu) were classified as urban areas and included 1205 of the study participants. Dalseong-gun (Daegu) and Yangpyeong-gun (Gyeonggi-do) were categorized as rural areas and included 807 participants. The survey included questions about fall history, cause, season and time of recent falls, and external conditions associated with recent falls, like floor or ground materials and shoe types.Rural respondents were older than urban respondents (P < .001) but did not differ significantly in gender proportion (P = .082). Fall history over the past year was not different between the 2 regions (P = .693), but lifetime fall history was greater among rural respondents (P < .001). Only 5.1% of all respondents had undergone fall-prevention education. A slippery floor was the most common cause of falls in both regions, but there was a significant difference in pattern of fall causes (P < .001). Falls were more frequent in the summer, spring, and the afternoon in urban areas, and in the summer, autumn, and the morning in rural areas. Cement and asphalt were the most common ground materials at the time of falls in both regions, but rural respondents had higher fall rates when walking on soil and when wearing slippers.A fall-prevention program that reflects the characteristics and differences of falls in urban and rural areas should be developed and used to effectively prevent falling among elderly people.

Background: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and even dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are used for obesity diagnosis. However, it is not known which DXA-derived index of obesity correlates best with BMI and/or WC and it is not clear whether such an index is accurate or not., Objectives: The aim of this study is to show the relationship between anthropometric measurements (BMI, WC) and body fat indices from DXA and to determine which DXA indices are strongly related to BMI and WC., Subjects: This study was based on data obtained from the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-V). DXA measurements were performed on survey subjects over 10 years old from July 2008 through to May 2011. Of these, 18 198 individuals, aged 19 years and older for whom DXA data were available, were included., Methods: Weighted Pearson's correlated coefficients (r) were calculated among indices, according to sex, age group and menopause, and the coefficients were compared with each other., Results: BMI correlates most with trunk body fat mass in kg (r=0.831) and then with total body fat in kg (r=0.774, P<0.00043 for difference of r). In the older age group, BMI correlates with total body fat mass (r=0.822) better than with trunk fat mass (r=0.817, P<0.00043). WC correlates with trunk body fat mass most in both genders and all age groups (0.804≤r≤0.906). Correlations of BMI (r=0.645 for men, 0.689 for women) and WC (r=0.678 for men, 0.634 for women) to body fat percentages (%) were less robust than those to body fat mass., Conclusions: BMI and WC reflect trunk and total body fat in kg more than body fat percentage derived by DXA., (Copyright © 2014 Asian Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)