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A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile by single polar flagellum and ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated JBTF-M18 T , was isolated from tidal-flat sediment collected from the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JBTF-M18 T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of Shewanella species. Strain JBTF-M18 T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.1-98.8 % to the type strains of S. loihica , S. aquimarina , S. waksmanii and S. marisflavi and of less than 96.9 % to the type strains of the other Shewanella species. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain JBTF-M18 T and the type strains of S. waksmanii and S. loihica were 72.0 and 89.5% and 18.9 and 38.1 %, respectively. DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain JBTF-M18 T and the type strains of S. aquimarina and S. marisflavi were 14 and 19 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain JBTF-M18 T from genomic sequence data was 52.9 %. Strain JBTF-M18 T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and Q-7 and Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinones. It had iso-C 15 : 0 , summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1   ω 7c and/or C 16 : 1   ω 6c ) and C 16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain JBTF-M18 T were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Distinguished phenotypic properties, along with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain JBTF-M18 T is separated from recognized Shewanella species. On the basis of the data presented, strain JBTF-M18 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Shewanella , for which the name Shewanella insulae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JBTF-M18 T (=KACC 19869 T =NBRC 113583 T ).

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile by gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated HSMS-1 T , was isolated from a marine sand collected from the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea, and identified by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that HSMS-1 T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of species of the genus Gramella . HSMS-1 T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 99.0 and 98.7 % to the type strains of Gramella echinicola and Gramella sediminilitoris and of 93.3-98.5 % to the type strains of the other species of the genus Gramella . The ANI and dDDH values between HSMS-1 T and the type strains of G. echinicola , Gramella gaetbulicola , Gramella forsetii , Gramella salexigens , Gramella portivictoriae and Gramella flava were 72.6-79.3 % and 17.4-22.2 %, respectively. Mean DNA-DNA relatedness value between HSMS-1 T and the type strain of G. sediminilitoris was 18 %. HSMS-1 T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C 16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipid of HSMS-1 T was phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content of HSMS-1 T from genomic sequence data was 39.2 %. Distinguishing phenotypic properties, along with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that HSMS-1 T is separated from recognized species of the genus Gramella . On the basis of the data presented, strain HSMS-1 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gramella , for which the name Gramella sabulilitoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSMS-1 T (=KACC 19899 T =NBRC 113648 T ).

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, HSMS-29 T , was isolated from a marine sand sample collected from the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HSMS-29 T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of Sulfitobacter species. Strain HSMS-29 T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.2-98.4 % to the type strains of Sulfitobacter mediterraneus , Sulfitobacter porphyrae , Sulfitobacter marinus , Sulfitobacter pontiacus , Sulfitobacter litoralis , Sulfitobacter brevis , Sulfitobacter noctilucicola and Sulfitobacter dubius and 96.3-96.9 % to the type strains of the other Sulfitobacter species. The genomic ANI values of strain HSMS-29 T with the type strains of S. mediterraneus , S. marinus , S. pontiacus , S. litoralis , S. brevis , S. noctilucicola and S. dubius were 72.66-74.99 %. The DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain HSMS-29 T and the type strain of S. porphyrae was 17 %. Strain HSMS-29 T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C 18 : 1 ω 7 c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids of strain HSMS-29 T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain HSMS-29 T was 65.0 mol% (HPLC) or 64.4 % (genome analysis). Distinguished phenotypic properties, along with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain HSMS-29 T is separated from recognized Sulfitobacter species. On the basis of the data presented here, strain HSMS-29 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sulfitobacter , for which the name Sulfitobactersabulilitoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSMS-29 T (=KACC 19870 T =NBRC 113549 T ).