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Background: In previous studies, it was found that the confinement to which the population was subjected during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk of anxiety and depression. Objective: to analyze the levels of anxiety and depression symptoms in Portugal residents during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive, transversal, and exploratory study of non-probabilistic sampling. Data collection was carried out between 6th and 31st of May 2020. Sociodemographic and health questionnaires PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were used. Results: The sample consisted of 920 individuals. The prevalence for depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) was 68.2% and (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) was 34.8%, and for anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 5) was 60.4% and (GAD-7 ≥ 10) was 20%. Depressive symptoms were moderately severe for 8.9% of the individuals, and 4.8% presented severe depression. Regarding the generalized anxiety disorder, we found that 11.6% of individuals present moderate symptoms, and 8.4% severe anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were substantially higher than those previously found for the Portuguese population and when compared with other countries during the pandemic. Younger individuals, female, with chronic illness and medicated, were more vulnerable to depressive and anxious symptoms. In contrast, participants who maintained frequent levels of physical activity during confinement had their mental health protected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) is an instrument used to evaluate illness perceptions. The IPQ-R uses components of Leventhal's self-regulatory model of illness representation. It has been used broadly in different contexts and cultures, presenting variable psychometric properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the IPQ-R in patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Methodological study. The sample consisted of 304 inpatients with AUD. Data collection took place from February 2018 to January 2019. The validity and reliability of the instrument were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach's α values were consistently higher than 0.57. Factor analysis of the IPQ‐R items revealed that the Portuguese version reflects the original structure. The seven-factor construct explained 68.56% of the total variance. The IPQ-R showed statistically satisfactory levels of reliability and validity. In psychiatric and mental health nursing, the use of the IPQ-R can be suggested for planning personalized care, which involves recognizing and addressing illness perceptions among people with AUD. Further work is needed to develop the confirmatory factor analysis of the IPQ-R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses turnover is a current and international problem which is closely related to the organizational culture. Despite being widely discussed, the evidence available in the literature is dispersed and most studies only concern specific health contexts and sectors. The aim of this study is to identify scientific evidence on the factors of organizational culture associated with nurses turnover. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out between January 2014 and December 2018. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed through the Joanna Briggs Institute and Registered Nurses Association of Ontario guidelines. Results: Nurses' turnover in healthcare organizations is complex and multifactorial. The evidence shows individual and organizational factors that influence nurses' turnover. Some retention strategies to reduce this phenomenon were also identified in literature. Conclusions: Nursing managers should seriously consider the problem of nurses' turnover, as it affects the productivity and quality of care provided in health organizations. By working the factors associated with organizational culture, organizational climate and leadership, it will be possible to reduce nurses' turnover rates in different healthcare contexts. In the development of public policies, decision-makers should take into account two fundamental aspects: the needs and expectations of the population; and the stability of professional groups. It is suggested to investigate this issue in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Portuguese Journal of Mental Health Nursing / Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental is the property of Portuguese Society of Mental Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the relationship between satisfaction with life in general, sense of humor, and anxiety, depression and stress with subjective happiness in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational study was developed in two units of the Diaverum dialysis clinic and one hospital unit, with 183 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. An instrument was used to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the sample (age, gender, nationality, education, occupation, marital status, dialysis sessions length, presence of hypertension and diabetes): the subjective happiness scale; the satisfaction with life in general; depression, anxiety and stress scale 21; and multidimensional sense of humor scale. Inferential procedures included Spearman correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression adjusting to age, marital status, professional activity and diabetes. Results: Subjective Happiness was positively correlated with satisfaction with life in general, and the three dimensions of Sense of Humor. Nevertheless, subjective happiness was negatively correlated with stress / anxiety and depression. Satisfaction with life in general, humor production and social use of humor, and attitude towards humor had a positive relationship with subjective happiness. However, depression had a negative relationship with subjective happiness. Conclusions: Higher levels of subjective happiness were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life in general, and sense of humor, however they were also associated with lower levels of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction People attribute meanings, develop behaviors and present attitudes towards alcohol consumption. Health professionals, despite their specific training, have attitudes that influence their professional practice and impact their relationship with their patients.1 It is not yet known how these attitudes are characterized in Portuguese health professionals, even though Portugal is one of the countries in the world with the highest rates of alcohol consumption. The relationship between these attitudes and the perception of self-efficacy is also to be understood. Objectives To describe the attitudes of Portuguese health professionals towards alcohol consumption and the relationship between these attitudes and the perception of self-efficacy. Method Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out in 2021, accepted by the ARSLVT's Ethics Committee. Two scales were used: the Scale of attitudes toward alcohol, alcohol use disorder and individuals with alcohol use disorders2-PT (Escala de atitudes face ao álcool, aos problemas ligados ao álcool e às pessoas com perturbação por consumo de álcool - portuguese version, previously adapted) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale.3 After requesting collaboration and sending the link to health and professional institutions, 535 professionals answered an online questionnaire (physicians, nurses, psychologists and social workers and final year nursing and medicine students) anonymously and with informed consent. Results and Discussion Participants had a mean age of 42.2 years (SD=12.7). 81.3% were women. Mainly nurses (46.7%) and physicians (26.9%). 12% were nursing or medical final year students. Health professionals had a mean age of 20 years (SD=11.2) of professional practice. From all sample 71.2%, had professional experience with people with problematic alcohol consumption, 24.5% never had access to academic training in this area and 57,9% had never had in-service training on the subject. These data reveal the differences in substance use training, between courses and between health and educational institutions. 45.2% said they had a relative with problematic alcohol consumption, which is expected given the high prevalence of alcohol consumption in Portuguese society regarding the attitudes of professionals towards alcohol consumption, 30.1% had negative attitudes, with nurses having less positive attitudes. No differences were found according to sex or time of professional practice. The older the participants are the more negative attitudes towards alcohol consumption (r=-0.105; p<0.015). Those who do not actually care of patients with alcohol problem have more negative attitudes (F(3)=3,102; p=0,026). There is a positive and statistically significant correlation between attitudes towards alcohol consumption and self-efficacy (r=0.171; p<0.001), which can be revealed in better professional performance and personal satisfaction. Conclusions and implications for knowledge development Portuguese health professionals have globally positive attitudes towards alcohol consumption and people with alcohol problematic use. Nonetheless, more than a quarter have negative attitudes, with nurses standing out. Surprisingly, there were no differences in attitudes between those who have close relatives with problematic alcohol consumption and those who have not. Those who have better attitudes have better self-efficacy, which indicates the need for attention and monitoring this indicator to promote best professional practices. More research is needed to understand the predictors of negative attitudes about alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Portuguese Journal of Mental Health Nursing / Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental is the property of Portuguese Society of Mental Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on challenge for mental health nursing (MHN) educators is how to teach nursing students to care for patients who have mental disorders in an environment to provide patient teaching and clinical decision making based on evidence and new technologies. Topics include the education of MHN bachelor students cannot be viewed in isolation, and the mental health policies that highlight education in mental health as a key priority in ensuring a skilled workforce.

Healthy lifestyles are commonly associated with improved physical and mental health. Sleep patterns, nutrition, physical exercise, consumption of psychoactive substances, among others, can strongly influence positive mental health. The aims are: characterize lifestyles based on positive mental health clusters, considering the cross-sectional cohort sample of higher education students, and analyse the lifestyles associated with positive mental health. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational and multicentric study of quantitative approach was conducted. The Positive Mental Health Questionnaire was applied. Through the k-means method, four clusters were obtained based on positive mental health levels. The sample of 3647 higher education students was mostly female (78.8%), single (89.5%), with an average age of 23 years (SD = 6.68). Differences were found between clusters based on the sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyles. Findings in Cluster 1 were highlighted because they included students with a higher level of positive mental health, which was associated with greater satisfaction in affective relationships, higher recreational and sports activities, better sleep quality, a healthy diet, and lower medication and illicit drugs consumption. These key findings emphasize the promotion of healthy lifestyles and highlight the importance of positive mental health in promoting the health of higher education students.

Purpose: Although there have been numerous studies investigating the mental health of individuals during the pandemic, a comparison between countries is still scarce in the literature. To explore this gap, the present study aimed to compare the mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression), quality of life (QoL), and optimism/pessimism among individuals from Brazil and Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated factors., Method: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal. Data collection was carried out between May and June 2020, using an online form which was sent through social networks. A total of 2069 participants (1156 from Brazil and 913 from Portugal) were included. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), Anxiety (GAD-7), optimism/pessimism (Revised Life Orientation Test - LOT), QoL (WHOQOL-Bref), and sociodemographic, health, and social distancing variables were assessed. Data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate models., Results: There were remarkable differences between Brazil and Portugal in all outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and optimism for the Brazilian individuals and higher levels of QoL and pessimism for the Portuguese individuals. The following factors were associated with the mental health and QoL in both Brazilian and Portuguese populations: gender, age, being a healthcare professional, and days in social distancing., Conclusion: Despite the fact that Brazilians were more optimistic during the COVID-19 pandemic, they had lower levels of mental health and QoL as compared to the Portuguese individuals., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant psychological impact on vulnerable groups, particularly students. The present study aims to investigate the mental and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors in a sample of Portuguese higher education students. An online cross-sectional study was conducted among 1522 higher education students selected by convenience sampling. The survey assessed mental health symptoms as well as sociodemographic variables, health-related perceptions, and psychological factors. Results were fitted to binary and multivariable logistic regression models. The overall prevalences of stress, anxiety, and depression were 35.7%, 36.2%, and 28.5%, respectively. Poor mental health outcomes were related with being female, having no children, living with someone with chronic disease, facing hopelessness, and lacking resilient coping. Future studies focusing on better ways to promote mental health and wellbeing among students are warranted. It is necessary to gather more evidence on the post-pandemic mental health using robust study designs and standardized assessment tools.