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Emergency remote teaching (ERT) through online learning was adopted by the higher education system worldwide to provide students with ongoing education during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper explores students' perceptions of the functioning of online classes during the ERT period and how these perceptions influenced their accounting teaching-learning process. A questionnaire was applied to management and economics students, enrolled in a Portuguese HEI, within the context of accounting course units. Applying the PLS method, a theoretical model was estimated. Our results suggest that HEIs should invest in easy access to online teaching platforms and conferencing systems and to promote collaborative and interactive learning. Since ERT contexts may become increasingly recurrent, online learning should provide students with appealing online classes, as part of an engaging educational experience. This study contributes to a research agenda on the impact of a disruptive event on the accounting teaching-learning process in a specific cultural setting.

Purpose: Resilience and purpose have been associated with work well-being. However, limited empirical evidence exists on the liaison between these constructs and Portuguese school leaders' psychological and physical distress and work well-being. This study explored the relationships between resilience, purpose, and well-being in 921 teachers who perform leadership roles in Portuguese schools. Design/methodology/approach: Participants filled out an online self-report questionnaire, providing information on sociodemographic variables. Additionally, they responded to four questionnaires evaluating purpose (PURP), resilience (RES), psychological distress (PsyD), physical distress (PhyD), and work well-being (WWB). Data were analysed through structural equation modelling and mediation analysis. Findings: The findings show that psychological and physical distress negatively predict school leadership work well-being, whereas resilience and purpose positively predict work well-being. The mediating analysis revealed one indirect mediation effect: resilience buffered the psychological distress and work well-being relationship. Originality/value: The main findings align with existing literature and uniquely contribute to understanding the interplay between resilience, purpose, psychological and physical distress, and work well-being. This study provides empirical support for a conceptual model claiming that purpose and resilience promote school leaders' work well-being.

This study examines the process and outcome of a life design group intervention with grade 9 students. In a sample of 139 participants (91 girls and 48 boys), a quasi-experimental design was applied to analyse the intervention's effectiveness at fostering vocational identity, career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy. Seventy and 69 participants were included in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Outcome measures were applied at the onset of the intervention, at the end of counselling and three months after the last session. A focus group involving 17 participants was conducted to determine participants' perceptions of the intervention process and outcome. The findings support the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of life design group-based interventions to foster vocational identity, career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy. The focus group participants evaluated the intervention as useful by fostering reflexivity and a sense of direction. Overall, the findings suggest the relevance of life design practices in educational settings to foster reflexivity and, therefore, to facilitate students' career construction. The research implications of the findings are also discussed.

This article aims to contribute to the debate on the significance of geographical education as part of the development of a society in which information and communication technologies have made profound changes. It starts with the discussion on how Geography is taught at international scale, and then addresses the intersection between research produced in the reports on the introduction to professional practice and related study plans, concerning the 2nd cycle of the teaching of History and Geography, in force since 2010 in Portugal. Based on the outcomes of the discussion, we will consider the research trends and whether or not they are suited to the latest recommendations on geographical education, in particular the training of Geography teachers, according to the assessed proposals which were submitted following the new law regulating the training of Geography teachers in Portugal. Among the main outcomes, we highlighted the diversity of topics addressed in the internship reports and the growing attention to new technologies in the cycle of studies under analysis, which suggests the adequacy of the future Masters in the Teaching of Geography at the University of Porto (starting in 2015/16) to the European recommendations on these matters.

The study aims to explore the specificity of Mathematics pedagogical content knowledge in Early Childhood Education Pedagogy in Initial Teacher Education. It addresses the issue by characterizing student teachers' perspectives and by analyzing student teachers' knowledge mobilized in a situation of planning for teaching. The answers to a task developed by students in an Initial Teacher Education program are analyzed in terms of the mathematical knowledge and pedagogical options presented. The results contribute to the discussion in terms of (un)balance between teacher-initiated and child-led activities. The discussion deepens the importance to assert specific/particular ways of teaching in Early Childhood Education, contrasting with the more restricted view of only adult-led moments being teaching. Strong content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge are valued because of their relevance both at the level of adults' knowledge needed to support children initiatives and plan curricular/didactic activities and at the level of the knowledge children interact within their daily environment and routine.

This article aims to investigate correlations between physical and mental wellbeing, teaching efficacy and school connectedness and to explore the relationship between those dimensions and sociodemographic variables such as age, teaching experience, academic qualifications, education sector, and geographical regions. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was applied to 450 preschool teachers. To assess physical and mental wellbeing the PISA 2020 teacher questionnaire was used, and to evaluate teaching efficacy and school connectedness the Subjective Teacher Wellbeing Questionnaire was applied. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. The reliability, internal consistency and suitability of the data for factor analysis. were assessed for each of the questionnaires. The ANOVA test and Kruskal--Wallis's test were used to identify significant differences between the dimensions under analysis and sociodemographic variables. The results show that school connectedness is positively related to teaching efficacy and the same positive association occurs between physical and mental wellbeing. A negative association is observed between school connectedness and physical and mental wellbeing and teaching efficacy and physical wellbeing and mental wellbeing. The results also indicate that older preschool teachers and those with more years of experience had a significantly higher score in teaching efficacy than their younger and less experienced counterparts. The preschool teachers from the Porto and North Regions of Portugal had significantly higher scores in the mental wellbeing dimension when compared with their colleagues from other regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To verify medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) frequency among patients with plasma cell myeloma (PCM) that had been treated with bisphosphonates, to identify predisposing factors that could influence the development of osteonecrosis. Methods: This observational retrospective study was performed at the Department of Hematology of Hospital Center of Porto (CHUP), Portugal. Results: The study population (n = 112) had a 15.2% (n = 17) prevalence of osteonecrosis. Clinically, bone exposure was the most frequently observed sign, present in 100% (n = 17) of the patients, followed by inflammation in 82.4% (n = 14), orofacial pain in 70.6% (n = 12), suppuration in 47.1% (n = 8), and intra or extra-oral fistula in 17.6% (n = 3) of the cases. The most frequent triggering local factor was dental extraction (82.4%). There was a dependence between the presence of extractions and the development of MRONJ (p < 0.001) but not with the time elapsed from the initiation of infusions with BPs and dental extractions (p = 0.499). In the sample of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 13.8% were found to be more likely to develop MRONJ after an extraction. Conclusions: The most common local predisposing factor was dental extraction. No dependence was observed between the development of osteonecrosis and the time elapsed from the beginning of treatment with bisphosphonates infusions to surgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition in women. The aim of this study is to analyze women with self-reported UI, focusing on socio-demographic data, health-related conditions and comorbidities, and their impact on healthcare resources. Methods: We analyzed data from a population-based survey with a representative sample of Portuguese women aged ≥ 18 years (n = 10,465). Women with self-reported symptoms of UI were distributed according to age, education level, and household income. The comparison of comorbidities and use of healthcare resources between the UI and non-UI groups was adjusted for age, education, and body mass index. We computed weighted prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals using Poisson regression. Results: Female UI prevalence was 9.9%, increasing with age (6.3% for 18- to 39-year-old, 40.8% for 75- to 85-year-old women). The prevalence decreased with education level (36.8% in women with no education, 4.6% in women with more than 12 years of education) and household income (29.8% in the 2nd quintile of income, 9.9% in the 5th quintile). Women with UI had a higher level of comorbidities, especially cardiovascular, respiratory, and mental health disorders. UI was also associated with higher consumption of healthcare resources. Conclusion: UI is highly prevalent among Portuguese women. It increases with age, low education level, and low household income. The use of healthcare resources was higher, possibly related with associated comorbidities. Though obtained in a single European country, these data may be useful to design a comprehensive management of UI in other parts of the western world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grasmick et al.'s Low Self-Control Scale (LSCS) is considered the gold-standard of self-control measures due to the frequency of its use in criminology. The aim of the present study is to examine the psychometric properties of the LSCS from a more modern psychometric perspective and develop a shorter version. Our sample consisted of young adults (N = 610, M = 21.33 years, SD = 3.09) from Portugal. The six-factor intercorrelated model of the LSCS showed an adequate fit, but models that would legitimate using a total score could not be confirmed. The subscales' intercorrelations revealed some low non-significant correlations. The six subscales showed distinctive correlates with other measures, with three subscales presenting some problematic correlations. Confirmatory factor analysis was subsequently used to develop a three-factor shorter version with strong cross-gender measurement invariance and good reliability. Findings have implications for the validity of the general theory of crime specifically which components of self-control have the greatest empirical linkages to conduct problems and related deviance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) are an evidenced way of adding value to routine clinical care. As a source of unique information on the effect of a medical condition and its treatment from the patients' perspective (Mercieca-Bebber et al. in Patient Relat Outcome Meas 9: 353–367, https://doi.org/10.2147/PROM.S156279, 2018), PROs allow for an improved assessment in routine clinical care of symptoms, side effects, functional outcomes (physical, sexual, social, emotional, cognitive functioning), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). By helping to align healthcare providers' interventions with what matters most to the patient, PROs contribute to the individualized choice of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (Carfora et al. in PLoS ONE 17(4): e0267030, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267030, 2022) as a paramount component of tailored and person-centred care management, in routine clinical practice. This article outlines a practical framework and process tested in Portugal to raise awareness of PROs' added value, and to help guide first steps in the implementation and seamless integration of PROs, in routine HIV care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portuguese music education occurs in two branches: general and specialized. The specialized subsystem is also subdivided into vocational schools (conservatories and music academies) and professional schools. Although different in nature and organization, vocational and professional schools have several goals in common. In the first part, this article contextualizes the historical development of the vocational branch, from the creation of the first Portuguese conservatory (in Lisbon in 1835) until the present day. It describes the emergence of professional schools in the 1990s and, finally, it questions the concept of "vocational schools" itself. In the second part, the article describes the structural reform initiated in 1983 by Law-Decree nr. 310/83, underlining its unquestionable contribution to the improvement of public music education in Portugal. The last part of the article presents a summary of the main effects of this reform in the present situation of specialized music schools.

Background: Traditional burning is a practice with social and ecological value used worldwide. However, given the often improper and negligent use of fire, this practice is often associated with rural fire ignitions. Aims: Systematise experts' understanding of traditional burning and identify its challenges in the Portuguese context. Methods: Twenty-eight Portuguese experts from industry, academia, NGOs and public entities with in-depth involvement in fire and forest management were interviewed to create a mental model of traditional burning in Portugal. Key results: Eight dimensions were identified: motivations behind traditional burning, alternative solutions, risks before a traditional burn, risks during a traditional burn, underlying causes of risk, exogenous elements and factors, potential impacts, and activities leading to a successful traditional burn. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of traditional burn practice in the Portuguese context and offers a baseline to support stakeholders and policymakers in managing traditional burning's social and environmental impacts in the future. Implications: This research offers several implications across the eight dimensions identified, including the need to improve regulations on the use of fire and fuel reduction policies, promote fire use education and feasible and affordable alternatives to traditional burning, and increase communities' commitment to mitigation actions. Traditional burning is used worldwide, but the improper and negligent use of fire has led to association of this practice with rural fire ignitions and negative impacts. A mental model approach was used to systematise motivations, alternative solutions, associated risks, potential impacts and activities leading to a successful burn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green organic fertilizers can be a valuable option to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, and promote circular agriculture. The effects of two fertilization schemes, (i) a combination of mineral fertilizers with dairy farm slurry (TA) and (ii) an organic substrate (SO) from green waste (TB), on soil fertility and forage maize (Zea mays L.) yield were studied in an on-farm trial in the Azores Island of S. Miguel (Portugal). For this purpose, soil chemical parameters were evaluated on three sampling dates, forage maize yield and yield components were compared, and the balances of soil carbon (SC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were evaluated. The results showed that the maize yield obtained in TB was significantly higher than in TA. The differences in precipitation that occurred over the two years influenced the yield in both treatments. The SC, available P, and pH were significantly higher in TB at every sampling date, mainly in the subsurface layer, and overall enrichment in nitrogen was observed. Despite the need to extend this evaluation over a longer period, the results indicate that the application of SO could be an alternative to conventional mineral fertilization in forage maize in the Azores and in similar cropping systems in regions of temperate insular nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Patients with polycythaemia vera (PV) are at increased risk of thrombosis and haemorrhages. Although hydroxyurea (HU) has been the frontline therapy for patients at high risk of vascular complications, about 25% of patients develop resistance/intolerance to this therapy. The aim of this non-interventional, multicentre cohort study was to understand the clinical characteristics and HU treatment response of Portuguese PV patients. HU resistance/intolerance was defined according to adjusted European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria. In total, 134 PV patients with a mean (SD) disease duration of 4.8 (5.0) years were included and followed up for 2 years. At baseline, most patients were ≥60 years old (83.2%), at high risk for thrombotic events (87.2%), and receiving HU therapy (79.1%). A total of 10 thrombotic events and 8 haemorrhagic events were reported, resulting in a 5-year probability of thrombo-haemorrhagic events of 17.2%. Haematocrit (p = 0.007), haemoglobin (p = 0.012) and MPN10 symptom score (12.0 (11.6) vs. 10.3 (9.1); p = 0.041) decreased significantly at the 24-month visit compared to baseline. Overall, 75.9% of patients met at least one of the adjusted ELN criteria for HU resistance, and 14.4% of patients remained on HU throughout the study. The results from this real-world study may help identify the subset of patients at higher risk for disease sequelae who may benefit from earlier second-line treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies have emphasized that developmental dyslexia is a multiple-deficit disorder, in contrast to the traditional single-deficit view. In this context, cognitive profiling of children with dyslexia may be a relevant contribution to this unresolved discussion. The aim of this study was to profile 36 Portuguese children with dyslexia from the 2nd to 5th grade. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to group participants according to their phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, verbal short-term memory, vocabulary, and nonverbal intelligence abilities. The results suggested a two-cluster solution: a group with poorer performance on phoneme deletion and rapid automatized naming compared with the remaining variables (Cluster 1) and a group characterized by underperforming on the variables most related to phonological processing (phoneme deletion and digit span), but not on rapid automatized naming (Cluster 2). Overall, the results seem more consistent with a hybrid perspective, such as that proposed by Pennington and colleagues (2012), for understanding the heterogeneity of dyslexia. The importance of characterizing the profiles of individuals with dyslexia becomes clear within the context of constructing remediation programs that are specifically targeted and are more effective in terms of intervention outcome.

The first Portuguese translations of Japanese novels date from 1906 and 1909, respectively: Nami-ko (Hototogisu) by Tokutomi Kenjirō (1868–1927) and Os 47 Capitães (Iroha Bunko) by Tamenaga Shunsui (1790–1843). These novels, which mark modern Portugal–Japan literary relations, were published without any identification of their source language. Both translations appeared, however, one year after their Spanish counterparts, which in turn are based on English direct translations from Japanese (Nami-ko, 1904; The Loyal Ronins, 1880). The proximity of publication dates of the Portuguese and Spanish translations, the working languages of the Portuguese translators, and the juxtaposition of peritextual elements between the Portuguese and Spanish translations suggest that the latter may have served as the basis for importing Japanese novels into Portuguese. Framed within the external history of translation and based on a paratextual approach, this case study interrogates the pattern of double indirectness underlying the introduction of the Japanese novel in Portugal. By questioning to what extent neighbouring Spain, as a mediation system, helped shape the openness of the Portuguese literary system to Japanese literature, it will clarify the early twentieth-century relations between the Portuguese and Spanish publishing markets in terms of the influence of the latter on the former. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article has three main objectives: i) to describe the use patterns of electronic and traditional resources in Portuguese academic libraries; ii) to estimate the value of the Portuguese electronic scientific information consortium b-on by using two alternative valuation methodologies; iii) to relate the use patterns with the valuation of b-on. We estimate the value of the Portuguese electronic scientific information consortium b-on by using two alternative evaluation methodologies: a) the value of the time saved by using this electronic resource; and b) the contingent valuation method to estimate how much the user is willing to pay for the service. Our results show wide differences in use patterns, with professors, researchers and PhD students having a more intense use of digital library services than undergraduate and masters students. Moreover, the benefit-cost ratios computed using the two valuation techniques indicate that the value of the electronic scientific information consortium b-on is well above its costs. Finally, the study shows that the valuation of b-on is higher for the user groups with higher percentage use of digital services. (Contains 6 tables, 1 figure and 4 notes.)

While infant attachment has been largely studied, parental attachment is still relatively unknown, especially when referred to fathers. However, it is mainly recognised that parents' emotional involvement with the newborn contributes to the quality of the interaction and the care they provide. The aim of this study was to study mother-to-infant and father-to-infant initial emotional involvement; namely, differences between mothers and fathers and changes in mother's emotions toward the neonate within the first days after delivery. The Bonding Scale, an extended Portuguese version of the "New Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale", was administered during the first two days after childbirth to a sample of 315 mothers and 141 fathers (n = 456), at the Julio Dinis Maternity Hospital (Portugal). Most mothers and fathers show positive emotions and only a few of them showed negative emotions toward the infant. Maternal and paternal emotional involvement toward the newborn tend to be similar; nevertheless, fathers show less fear and better emotional involvement with the neonate, while mothers are sadder and show more emotions not related to bonding. During the first days following delivery, emotions not related to bonding, such as fear, seem to decrease in mothers. (Contains 6 tables.)

Fire has major impacts on forest ecosystems, with heightened relevance in a Mediterranean country such as Portugal, which within Europe features the highest number of wildfires and the second larger burnt area. After each significant wildfire, the Portuguese Institute for Nature Conservation and Forests (ICNF) assesses the main environmental impacts and proposes emergency stabilisation measures following specific regulations. This study seeks to improve such assessments by using a data triangulation approach to characterise the impacts of wildfires on ecosystem services in the country. First, a systematic literature review is performed to identify the scientific studies that address the issue. Next, a document analysis of all the emergency stabilisation reports and technical reports available on ICNF's website is performed. Finally, a survey of experts' perceptions on the topic completes the analysis. The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity definitions of ecosystem services were employed to compare the different findings. The results indicate that the experts perceive wildfires to significantly impact all ecosystem services, even though the literature has so far only focused on 12 of them, and ICNF has so far only focused on 7 in its reports. The potential underlying motives are discussed. In particular, some important impacts identified in the literature, as is the case of Climate regulation, a topic of the highest priority in the European environmental agenda, have not so far been a topic of focus in ICNF's reports, which suggests relevant opportunities for enhancing its reporting process in the future. • Post-wildfire policies help in registering the environmental impacts and directing funds to their recovery. • The literature has not yet addressed the complexity of wildfire impacts on ecosystem services. • Forest experts indicate that the legislation does not tackle all ecosystem services impacted by wildfires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fire is one of the natural agents with the greatest impact on the terrestrial ecosystem and plays an important ecological role in a large part of the terrestrial surface. Remote sensing is an important technique applied in mapping and monitoring changes in forest landscapes affected by fires. This study presents a spectral separability analysis for the detection of burned areas using Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS images in the context of fires that occurred in different biomes of Brazil (dry ecosystem) and Portugal (temperate forest). The research is based on a fusion of spectral indices and automatic classification algorithms scientifically proven to be effective with as little human interaction as possible. The separability index (M) and the Reed–Xiaoli automatic anomaly detection classifier (RXD) allowed the evaluation of the spectral separability and the thematic accuracy of the burned areas for the different spectral indices tested (Burn Area Index (BAI), Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Mid-Infrared Burn Index (MIRBI), Normalized Burn Ratio 2 (NBR2), Normalized Burned Index (NBI), and Normalized Burn Ratio Thermal (NBRT)). The analysis parameters were based on spatial dispersion with validation data, commission error (CE), omission error (OE), and the Sørensen–Dice coefficient (DC). The results indicated that the indices based exclusively on the SWIR1 and SWIR2 bands showed a high degree of separability and were more suitable for detecting burned areas, although it was observed that the characteristics of the soil affected the performance of the indices. The classification method based on bitemporal anomalous changes using the RXD anomaly proved to be effective in increasing the burned area in terms of temporal alteration and performing unsupervised detection without relying on the ground truth. On the other hand, the main limitations of RXD were observed in non-abrupt changes, which is very common in fires with low spectral signal, especially in the context of using Landsat-8 images with a 16-day revisit period. The results obtained in this work were able to provide critical information for fire mapping algorithms and for an accurate post-fire spatial estimation in dry ecosystems and temperate forests. The study presents a new comparative approach to classify burned areas in dry ecosystems and temperate forests with the least possible human interference, thus helping investigations when there is little available data on fires in addition to favoring a reduction in fieldwork and gross errors in the classification of burned areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In previous studies, it was found that the confinement to which the population was subjected during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk of anxiety and depression. Objective: to analyze the levels of anxiety and depression symptoms in Portugal residents during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive, transversal, and exploratory study of non-probabilistic sampling. Data collection was carried out between 6th and 31st of May 2020. Sociodemographic and health questionnaires PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were used. Results: The sample consisted of 920 individuals. The prevalence for depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) was 68.2% and (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) was 34.8%, and for anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 5) was 60.4% and (GAD-7 ≥ 10) was 20%. Depressive symptoms were moderately severe for 8.9% of the individuals, and 4.8% presented severe depression. Regarding the generalized anxiety disorder, we found that 11.6% of individuals present moderate symptoms, and 8.4% severe anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were substantially higher than those previously found for the Portuguese population and when compared with other countries during the pandemic. Younger individuals, female, with chronic illness and medicated, were more vulnerable to depressive and anxious symptoms. In contrast, participants who maintained frequent levels of physical activity during confinement had their mental health protected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment has become a powerful tool to change student learning. In a project of the Council of Engineering Courses of the University of Minho, Portugal, students of textile engineering, apparel engineering and industrial electronics increased their participation in every aspect of their assessment process. The traditional exam was changed to three assessment moments with increasing student involvement. The goal of the project was to try to change the learning styles of the students to more profound ones and to look at the grading ability of the students, which means their ability to mark their peers' or their own work. It was supposed that engineering students would have major difficulties in grading themselves and their peers, because they were inexperienced first-year students and because it is not a common practice on the engineering courses of the University of Minho. It was found that students were able to grade their colleagues and themselves and that the level of accuracy depended on their final grade. (Contains 5 tables.)

Investigates the perceived effects of educational reform among secondary school teachers in England and Portugal, focusing on teachers' experiences in these two communities, which are in different transition phases. By doing so, it is possible, even within the different cultures, to identify common problems teachers experience within the reforms and their management which challenge existing identities, values, and commitments and are creating new forms of compliant professionalism. (SM)

Flavoured oils arouse great interest among consumers in many countries due to their variety of flavours and versatility, especially in the culinary field. The aromatization of oils seeks to improve their sensory and nutritional properties, and extend their useful life due to the added substances can be beneficial as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. In this research, olive oils of the 'Madural' variety from Trasos Montes region of Portugal have been obtained and flavoured with different aromatics herbs and condiments (flower of salt and bay leaf, garlic, rosemary and dehydrated lemon peel). The objective is to study the influence of the aromatic herbs and condiments on the physicochemical parameters of the oils: quality, purity, oxidative stability and microbiological analysis. It can be noted that the flavourings do not significantly alter the quality of the monovarietal oil, although, for some parameters, the excessive contact times can affect the category of the oil. On the other hand, the high content of antioxidants provided by flavouring agents can favour its stability and prolong its expiration. In this sense, the flavouring agent that contributes to stop the oxidation of the oil over time is salt + bay leaves, as higher oxidative stability values were detected than those obtained in monovarietal oil. However, oils flavoured with rosemary or lemon show a decrease over time for this parameter, which could indicate that this flavouring accelerates oxidation. In the case of oxidative stability referred to those flavoured with garlic, they present similar values to the monovarietal. The effect exerted by flavourings on the different parameters of the oils is complex, since it is influenced by the method followed and the operating variables established for flavouring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wildland fires are increasingly becoming a major concern for many European countries, affecting ecosystems and societies, and they are expected to become more prevalent in future due to climate change. Forests provide various ecosystem services not valued by traditional markets, such as carbon sequestration. Recently, Portugal has created new environmental policies that address climate change, fire management, and biodiversity conservation through payment for ecosystem services schemes. In this context, this study's objective is to evaluate the newly established carbon taxation in Portugal to incentivize forest restoration and fire management measures. Using publicly available data, this is done by comparing the carbon emissions savings by avoided fires and the income of the carbon taxation with the costs of the payment for ecosystem services scheme and prescribed burning. The results indicate that investing in forest management to avoid fires repays itself regarding carbon storage and economically. The ecosystem services payment scheme's incentives are in the order of 5–20 euros per hectare, while the carbon sequestration benefits can vary between 75 and 671 euros per hectare. The National Prescribed Burning Program policy is able to reduce overall wildfire emissions, which can correspond to a benefit in the order of 134–2476 euros per hectare, while its costs are in the order 120 euros per hectare. Finally, the results have shown that these policies can work synergistically, both economically and environmentally, as development agendas, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, recommend. This analysis framework might be useful for other countries, especially in the Mediterranean Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on how curricular and pedagogical differentiation for students of special education is perceived by teachers of the second cycle of basic education in Portugal. The objectives of this research were (i) to inquire about the teachers' perceptions regarding their training path and their training needs; (ii) to characterize the teaching practices of teachers, aimed at students of special education; and (iii) to learn the perceptions of these teachers regarding their curricular and pedagogical practices directed at students of special education—this called for an interpretative methodology. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and subjected to content analysis. The results indicate a widespread concern with teachers' current professional development and the management of diversity. The respondents' perceptions, shown as favorable to change, are in line with personalized work, enhancing visible contributions to students' personal and social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Located in the Iberian pyrite belt, the Neves–Corvo mine is a world-class massive sulfide deposit and the largest operating mine in Portugal with underground mining down to 1000 m depth focused on massive and stockwork Cu, Zn, Pb rich ores. Gravimetric data have had a leading role in the discovery of the seven known deposits, together with time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) ground data. In this work, we present the results of a 3D constrained gravity inversion carried out with legacy ground gravity data. The 3D gravity inversions were carried out using an updated density database containing approximately 142,000 measurements. A recently constructed 3D geological model based on reprocessed 2D seismic reflection, 3D seismic, TEM and updated geology from detailed surface mapping and drill-hole data, was used to constrain the inversions. The results show multiple high-density anomalies that may indicate the presence of mineralization at depth. These anomalies were therefore cross-checked with holes previously drilled. Approximately 97% of more than 1000 available surface drill-holes located on or at a distance of less than 200 m from the high-density anomalies intersected mineralization. However, gravity anomalies have been drilled in the past and particularly dense black shales or rhyolitic/gabbroic rocks have been intersected. To increase the success of future drilling, gravimetric anomalies have been correlated spatially with high-conductivity TEM zones and strong-amplitude seismic reflections, because igneous rocks usually present weak-to-moderate conductivity and a massive column of black shales presents a seismic signature quite different from that of mineralization. We concluded that some of these locations represent high-quality targets to consider following up with drilling and further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind turbines are structures predominantly subjected to dynamic loads throughout their period of life. In that sense, fatigue design plays a central role. Particularly, support structure design might be conservative with respect to fatigue, which may lead to a real fatigue life of considerably more than 20 years. For these reasons, the implementation of a fatigue monitoring system can be an important advantage for the management of wind farms, providing the following outputs: (i) estimation of the evolution of real fatigue condition; (ii) since the real condition of fatigue damage is known, these results could be an essential element for a decision about extending the lifespan of the structure and the possibility of repowering or overpowering; and (iii) the results of the instrumented wind turbines can be extrapolated to other wind turbines of the same wind farm. This paper reviews the procedures for calculating the fatigue damage of wind turbine towers using strain measurements. The applicability of the described procedures is demonstrated with experimental data acquired in an extensive experimental campaign developed at Tocha Wind Farm, an onshore wind farm located in Portugal, exploring the impact of several user-defined parameters on the fatigue results. The paper also includes the description of the data processing needed to convert raw measurements into bending moments and several validation and calibration steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periodontal disease is a common worldwide oral inflammation/infection affecting tissues that surround and support teeth. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontal diseases and its risk factors, according to the most recent periodontal classification, in an adult population of Northern Portugal. This observational study collected data from clinical records of patients who attended the University Clinic of Gandra between April 2021 and April 2022. Of a total of 941 patients included, 457 (48.6%) had periodontitis, 253 (26.9%) had gingivitis and the remaining 231 (24.5%) were healthy patients. The prevalence of stage III severe periodontitis was 51.2%, more prevalent in males, and in the age group of 61–70 years. Gingivitis was more prevalent in females, and in the age group of 31–40 years; in both diseases, the most prevalent extension was the generalized one. Using a binary logistic regression, we observe a significant relation of the risk of periodontitis with age (p = 0.019; OR 1.033; 95% CI 1.005–1.062), tooth brushing (p = 0.002; OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.105–0.599) and dental flossing (p = 0.015; OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.09–0.768). This study revealed a high prevalence of periodontitis. Increased age, lack of tooth brushing and flossing were identified as potential risk factors for periodontitis in the investigated Portuguese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Social inclusion is a context for both risk and protective factors of migrant youth delinquency. This study aims to shed light on the issue by comparing delinquency amongst native, first-generation, and second-generation immigrant youths in Portugal, a country located in the south of Europe, an area where research in this field is still scarce. Methods: The research is based on the International Self-Reported Delinquency (ISRD-3) dataset, which includes information on over 4,000 adolescents, who self-reported on their socio-demographic status, leisure activities, school and neighbourhood environment, family bonds, and self-control. Results: Nested Logistic Regression analyses showed that a young first-generation immigrant is twice as likely to commit a crime, with or without violence, as a young native born in Portugal. However, no differences were found regarding the prevalence of delinquency amongst second-generation immigrants and natives, which is likely due to the integration and cultural assimilation of the immigrant over time. Regarding the analysed risk factors, it was found that both structural and individual factors, identified by the theories of control, stress, as well as situational action theory, have a direct effect on the commission of juvenile crimes (both non-violent and violent). Moreover, this effect is significant in adolescents living in Portugal in general, both immigrants and natives. The most influential variable for both types of delinquent behaviour, with and without violence, is peer delinquency, followed by low morality and self-control. Conclusion: These findings have relevant policy implications and are useful for evidence-based interventions aimed at promoting migrant adolescent well-being and targeting host countries' performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between the firm's ownership and control structure and its leverage. Capital structure is not only the result of various financial characteristics of the firm but also depends on who is in control. Thus, it is fundamental to understand the influence that certain features of the shareholding structure or the composition of the board, including the potential differences between family and non-family firms, exert on capital structure decisions. The paper uses a sample of wine firms in Portugal, because it helps to capture a business sector where family firms make up a significant portion of the industry. It is used an unbalanced panel data set of 460 firms for the period 2010 to 2018 and applied a random-effects model specification. Our results do not evidence significant differences between family and non-family firms. Still, they indicate that firms with fewer shareholders, smaller boards, and where the main director or member of the board is also a shareholder tend to present higher debt levels. There is no evidence of a non-monotonic relation between the ownership structure and debt, nor the presence of moderating effects on that relation. This paper fills a gap in the literature as the impact that specific characteristics of firms and their leaders have on capital structure decisions is still a topic less studied in the literature, particularly in bank-based economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fear is a powerful emotion that can influence future behavior. This study investigated how fear influences the relationship between vicarious violence at work and employees' work ability. This is a quantitative cross‐sectional study. Self‐report data were collected from 154 Portuguese nurses who completed an online survey. Statistical significance of the indirect effect was based on bias‐corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. The results support the mediation model. Those who observe/hear of others being beaten or threatened experience strong affective reactions, such as fear, which in turn has a negative impact on the assessment of their work ability. We suggest that occupational safety and health programs designed to prevent violence at work take into account those who experience violence at work vicariously and include strategies and interventions focused on affective reactions to minimize the negative effects of vicarious violence at work, with benefits in employees' improved ability to work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Neves-Corvo world class Iberian Pyrite Belt volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit located in southern Portugal, constitutes an important Cu–Zn–Pb active mine. Seven deposits are currently known, among which the Lombador deposit alone has estimated 150 Mt of massive sulphides. The life-time of the mine is dependent on the discovery of new exploration targets and it is vital to have accurate 3D geological models, not only to guide drilling campaigns but also to drive a winning/new strategy, which in the past has led to Semblana and Monte Branco discoveries: geophysical inversion and modelling. Furthermore, 3D geological models can contribute to the understanding of the tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the region. Therefore, the goal of this study is to produce a realistic 3D geological model of the Neves-Corvo region, as only one model is presently publicly available: the PROMINE model, which includes the study area of this work and extends from Aljustrel to the border with Spain. Lundin Mining has also produced two unpublished, confidential models in 2007 and 2017. The latest Lundin model incorporates the same geophysical data used in this work (2D and 3D seismic reflection and time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) ground loop data) and approximately 7500 surface and underground drill-holes. The model presented in this research has much more detail than the 2012 PROMINE model in the Neves-Corvo region and uses an updated and revised drill-hole database with approximately 8000 drill-holes, revised geological cross-sections built from surface geology and drill-hole logs, new geological outcrop data, petrophysical and reprocessed geophysical data, and is therefore more detailed and accurate than any of the previous models, in particular the 2007 and PROMINE models. Land gravimetric and aeromagnetic data are also available in the study area but were not directly used to build the geological model but rather to investigate and check the model produced. Modelling was performed with industry standard software and the 3D curves resulting from the geological/geophysical interpretation were interpolated using different approaches to respect the hard data (interpretation lines and drill-holes). The resulting 3D stratigraphic surfaces required strong manual editing to respect the interpretation, due to the presence of folds, thrusts and tectonic nappes in the study area. The surfaces were afterwards tied to the drill-holes, resulting in a 3D model with great accuracy and detail in the near mining area and covering a larger area than previously available 3D geological models. The model has three major stratigraphic layers: the Mértola Flysch Formation and the Volcano-Sedimentary Complex (VSC), overlying the Phyllite-Quartzite Formation basement, and also the known VMS deposits (underlying the top of the Lower VSC) geometries according to drill-hole data. In the central part of the study area, where more drill-holes are available, the top of the Lower VSC sequence surface was also built. This approach will contribute to a better exploration drill-hole planning and the generation of new targets for exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islands have the potential to be precursors in the transition to clean energy, by adopting new technologies and applying innovative solutions that can serve as showcases at an international level. This paper is a contribution towards understating the importance of community engagement on energy transition processes. It covers multiple aspects of a green transition process, including technical, environmental, social, and economic issues. Starting by a participatory diagnosis process, the community of a small island located in Portugal (Culatra Island, Algarve), was challenged to lead the transition process and define different pillars of energy transition. The process brought together local authorities, academia, citizens and companies. Using practical examples, it is shown how the community is succeeding in tailoring new technological solutions for a green transition, according with the specific needs of the island, as expressed by the islanders themselves, including batteries, electric vehicles, retrofitting of homes, or heat pumps, which, when combined, could lay the foundations for the creation of a Renewable Energy Community and leverage socioeconomic benefits. •The vision is to create an island' energy community based on participatory economy. •Energy generation, revenues and internal rate of return are presented. •The energy layout plant can generate 35% of the total energy consumed in the island. •There is a potential to the island become autonomous in terms of energy production. • Adjusting consumption to generation can be achieved through demand response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current article is to present the latest research endeavors dedicated to the hagiographic formulas from which the Protomartyrs of Morocco main artistic forms were conceived during the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Age in Portugal. Based on the analysis of the main documentary sources and the interpretation of the several artistic collections —mainly composed by reliquaries, paintings, and sculptures— it is possible to gather a set of specific elements to trace the iconographic major themes of the Five Franciscans martyrized in North Africa in 1220. Despite the evolution of devotional manifestations over time, the iconography maintained very conventional procedures, which are still evoked by the Catholic Church. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The annual growth and the thickness of cork are known to be highly variable between trees located in the same geographical location. Researching how climate variables affect different trees within the same site is a step forward for the management of cork production since current knowledge focusses only on the average tree response. Quantile regression methodology was applied for the first time to a large data set containing measurements of cork growth, sampled in 35 stands across the cork oak distribution area in Portugal. This methodology proved to be useful for testing the hypothesis raised: does climate affect differently the annual cork growth, and ultimately cork thickness of individual trees located in the same stand? Estimating the amount of cork produced by one stand that has the required thickness for the production of natural cork stoppers is essential to support cork oak management. However, no model, before this work, had been developed to provide managers with this information. A downward parabolic relationship between annual cork growth and annual precipitation was determined for all quantiles, with optimum annual average precipitation value ranging from 1103 to 1007 mm. April to August monthly temperatures, spring average temperature or summer average temperature, showed a negative relationship with annual cork growth, in particular for lower quantiles. Maximum annual temperature was shown to negatively affect annual cork thickness, in particular for the trees under the 6th quantile. The ratio between annual precipitation and average temperature, that define the Lang index (LI), showed a downward parabolic relationship with annual cork growth. Best cork growth conditions are found for Lang index values around 60, corresponding for the transition between semi-arid climate and humid climate. The application of the final model developed for estimating cork thickness of an eight years' cork growth period allowed the prediction and mapping of the percentage of cork suitable for natural cork stopper production. It showed that higher values are expected in the Southern and Central coastal regions and along the Tagus River basin. The Northern coastal and mountain regions, characterised by Lang index values higher to 60 (humid climates), present lower estimated values for the percentage of cork suitable for natural cork stopper production. The estimated values are expected to be reduced under climate change scenarios in the Southern and Central coastal regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recently discovered massive and stockwork sulphide mineralization of Semblana-Rosa Magra and Monte Branco, situated ESE of the Neves–Corvo volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is presented. Geological setting and tectonic model is discussed based on proxies such as palynostratigraphy and U–Pb zircon geochronology. The mineralization is found within the IPB Volcano-Sedimentary Complex (VSC) Lower sequence, which includes felsic volcanic rocks (rhyolites) with U–Pb ages in zircons of 359.6 ± 1.6 Ma, and black shales of the Neves Formation of late Strunian age. Massive sulphides are enveloped by these shales, implying that felsic volcanism, mineralization and shale sedimentation are essentially coeval. This circumstance is considered highly prospective, as it represents an important exploration vector to target VMS mineralization across the IPB, in areas where the Lower VSC sequence is present. The Upper VSC sequence, with siliciclastic and volcanogenic sedimentary rocks of middle–late Visean age, shows no massive mineralization but a late Tournaisian (350.9 ± 2.3 Ma) volcanism with disseminated sulphides was also identified. Nevertheless, stratigraphic palynological gaps were found within the Strunian and in the Tournaisian sediments, between the Lower and Upper VSC sequences, reflecting probable erosion and uplift mechanisms linked with extensional tectonics. The Semblana and Monte Branco deposits and the Rosa Magra stockwork are enclosed by tectonic sheets that dismembered the VSC sequence in a fold-and-thrust tectonic complex, characteristic of the NE Neves–Corvo region. The methodologies used allow a geological comparison between Neves–Corvo and other IPB mine regions such as Lousal–Caveira, Herrerias, Tharsis and Aznalcollar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ESSACHESS is the property of ESSACHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Lusofona de Educacao is the property of Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, CEIEF and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was focused to gather the data available concerning the mortality of 440 wild animals admitted in the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre in Parque Biológico de Gaia from 2008-2017. Only the species with unfavorable conservation status according to the Portuguese Red Book of Vertebrates were included. The animals belonged to the classes Mammalia (5.68%), Aves (86.14%), Reptilia (7.95%), and Amphibia (0.22%), 19 different orders. Overall, the most common cause of death was trauma (72%), mainly due to an unknown origin (75.5%) and shooting (2.5%). The nontraumatic causes were mainly of unknown origin (n= 18.4%) and due to nutritional problems (4.7%). Amongst the identified pressures, the proximity to a high density of small and medium companies was the most significant. There were high coefficients of redetermination (R2>0.8) which relates pressures with endangered animals' mortality. It is, therefore, possible to conclude that according to our results human activity has an important impact on the mortality of these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 150 Mt Lombador massive sulphide deposit is one of the seven known deposits of the Neves-Corvo mine. The deposit dips approximately 30º–35º to the NE and is open down dip, with current exploitation reaching down at 1 km depth. To investigate the possible downwards continuation of the deposit, a 1D constrained inversion of time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) ground loop data was conducted, followed by 3D electromagnetic (EM) forward modeling and a constrained 3D gravimetric inversion over the same area. To perform the EM and gravity modeling/inversion, a 3D geologic model was built using a density database comprising of approximately 300 drill-holes, and an electrical conductivity database with measurements from resistivity surveys and 1D inversion of the TEM data. The EM modeling shows that the Neves Formation shales are a regional conductive layer extending down to approximately 1.6 km depth in the Lombador area. This layer, often topped by massive sulphides, has an average density of 2.83 g/cm3, whereas stockwork and massive sulphide reach on average 3.1 g/cm3 and 4.5 g/cm3, respectively. The 3D constrained gravity inversion results do not support the hypothesis of the presence of massive sulphides located in the down-dip direction of the Lombador deposit in the immediate vicinity of the known deposit. The lack of spatial resolution of the gravity grid, the study area limited size and the lack of information from within the basement suggest further studies are required to confirm the presence and amount of stockwork mineralization down-dip the Lombador deposit inside the Neves-Formation or the Phyllite-Quartzite basement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]