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Pre-capitalist societies – overcome problem? – were affected by several cataclysms and epidemics. Among these, the plague manifested itself in frequent epidemic cycles from the outbreak of the great Black Death epidemic from 1348 until at least the end of the 16th century, promoting sudden and systematic increases in the already high mortality rates, and causing destruction, fear and social chaos. In Portugal, there was at least one plague every decade throughout the period, which particularly affected port cities, with emphasis on Lisbon. The disease was a factor of destabilization and social disorder which demanded from royalty, the power intended to be the ordering authority, the promotion of the shock through various actions. The royal action related to epidemics was based on two essential elements, the production of a characterization of the disease and the definition of initiatives, attitudes and norms aimed at overcoming it, whose non-compliance implied physical and pecuniary penalties. In this article, we will discuss the rise of a medical knowledge, erudite, linked to the medical tradition of Antiquity, and conveyed in universities that, invested by royalty, became the main instrument of power in its social intervention against the scourge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lusitania Sacra is the property of Universidade Catolica Portuguesa, Centro de Estudos de Historia Religiosa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Portugal has been an important Jewish intellectual center in the Middle Ages and during the 16th century. The Hebrew manuscripts that survive from this period testify to the prosperity of the Jewish community in different fields such as philosophy, language and grammar, medicine, astro-medicine, pharmacology. This article describes the context of production of the Hebrew medical manuscripts between the 13th and the 16th centuries and it looks at the uncertainty that hovers over the exact number of Hebrew medical manuscripts that were written in Portugal during this period. The article explores the catalogue of the Hebrew manuscripts at the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem and provides a list of seven scientific Hebrew manuscripts that were written in Portugal between the 13th and the 16th centuries, three of which being medical manuscripts or concerning medical issues. Furthermore, this article is a call to explore the Hebrew medical manuscripts and to analyze their content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ágora: Estudos Clássicos em Debate is the property of Agora: Estudos Classicos em Debate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study intends to carry through a content analysis of the «Teses inaugurais da Escola Médico-Cirúrgica do Porto», published between 1827 and 1910, appealing to bibliometrics and thematic categorization of the corpus, as well as pointing out the potential of these documents for the history of health and biomedical sciences in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historía da Sociedade e da Cultura is the property of Revista de Historia da Sociedade e da Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Historía da Sociedade e da Cultura is the property of Revista de Historia da Sociedade e da Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of História, Ciências, Saúde - Manguinhos is the property of Casa de Oswaldo Cruz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)