Search

Context Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) aggressiveness and metastatic potential are closely associated with angioinvasion. Identifying angioinvasion accurately is imperative for treatment planning and prognosis. Objective This study explores serum biomarkers, including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and oxidative status markers (total oxidative capacity, total antioxidant capacity [TAC], and sortilin), as potential indicators of angioinvasion in PTC. Design A cross-sectional study involving 50 angioinvasive patients with PTC (study group) and 30 patients with PTC with low-risk features (reference group). Serum levels of biomarkers were analyzed to determine their association with angioinvasion. Setting Patients were recruited from Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland, ensuring representation from a diverse clinical context. Patients or Other Participants Participants included patients with PTC, with 50 in the study group and 30 in the reference group. Selection criteria, matching characteristics, and participant completion rates were duly recorded. Intervention(s) Serum biomarkers were measured to evaluate their association with PTC angioinvasion. Main Outcome Measure(s) Primary outcome measures included serum levels of 8-OHdG, total oxidative capacity, TAC, and sortilin. Results Serum levels of 8-OHdG and sortilin were significantly elevated in angioinvasive PTC, whereas TAC showed a notable decrease (all P <.01). A regression panel combining TAC, 8-OHdG, and sortilin demonstrated a high area under the curve value (0.963) for angioinvasion discernment. Conclusion Measuring TAC, 8-OHdG, and sortilin levels may serve as potential biomarkers for identifying angioinvasion in PTC. The combined assessment of these biomarkers enhances angioinvasion discernment, aiding risk stratification and personalized treatment decisions. Further validation studies are required before integrating these biomarkers into routine clinical practice. The study adheres to the provided structure, providing concise and supported conclusions based on the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Studies analyzing the protein profile of thyroid tissue in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have revealed disturbed metabolic pathways, including those related to oxidative status. This study aimed to assess the concentration of specific markers associated with oxidative homeostasis in PTC patients and their potential role as screening factors for radioiodine treatment (RAI) indication and further clinical management. Total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor protein 53 (p53), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) play crucial roles in oxidative homeostasis and the progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), as previously demonstrated in the literature. Therefore, profiling these markers among PTC patients may be useful in determining their eligibility for radioiodine (RAI) treatment. Since treatment indications are based on multiple and dynamic recommendations, additional criteria for adjuvant RAI therapy are still needed. In our study, we evaluated the TOS, TAC, and serum concentrations of p53, NF-κB, FOXO, and SIRT1 to analyze the relationship between oxidative status and qualification for RAI treatment. For the purpose of this study, we enrolled 60 patients with PTC allocated for RAI treatment as the study group and 25 very low-risk PTC patients not allocated for RAI treatment as a reference group. The serum TOS and SIRT1 concentrations were significantly higher in the study group compared to the reference group (both p < 0.001), whereas the TAC and p53, NK-κB, and FOXO concentrations were significantly lower (all p < 0.05). We also demonstrated the diagnostic utility of TAC (AUC = 0.987), FOXO (AUC = 0.648), TOS (AUC = 0.664), SIRT1 (AUC = 0.709), p53 (AUC = 0.664), and NF-κB (AUC = 0.651) measurements as indications for RAI treatment based on American Thyroid Association recommendations. Our study revealed that oxidative status-related markers may become additional criteria for RAI treatment in PTC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TERT promoter ( TERT p) mutations are important factors in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). They are associated with tumor aggressiveness, recurrence, and disease-specific mortality and their use in risk stratification of PTC patients has been proposed. In this study we investigated the prevalence of TERT p mutations in a cohort of Polish patients with PTCs and the association of these mutations with histopathological factors, particularly in coexistence with the BRAF V600E mutation. A total of 189 consecutive PTC specimens with known BRAF mutational status were evaluated. TERT p mutations were detected in 8.5% of cases (16/189) with the C228T mutation being the most frequent. In six of the PTC specimens (3.2%), four additional TERT p alterations were found, which included one known polymorphism (rs2735943) and three previously unreported alterations. The association analysis revealed that the TERT p hotspot mutations were highly correlated with the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation and their coexistence was significantly associated with gender, advanced patient age, advanced disease stage, presence of lymph node metastases, larger tumor size, and tumor-capsule infiltration. While correlations were identified, the possibility of TERT p mutations being key molecular modulators responsible for PTC aggressiveness requires further studies.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is considered as the gold standard diagnostic test for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. It is a cost-effective procedure that provides specific diagnosis rapidly with minimal complications. It plays an important role in the determination of treatment- patients with suspected malignancy diagnosis can be subjected to surgery. On the other hand it can decrease the rate of unnecessary surgeries., Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the correlation, accuracy of fine needle aspirational cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions with the final histopathologic diagnosis in the surgical specimens., Materials and Methods: In our study we have performed a retrospective analysis of a case series of patients who were admitted to the Department of Endocrine, General and Oncological Surgery of Hospital of M. Kopernik in Łodź (Poland) between May 2016 and December 2017 and underwent FNAC with subsequent surgery. Cytological diagnosis was classified into six Bethesda categories., Results: On cytological examination 1070/1262 were reported as benign, 49 malignant and 143 suspicious. On histopathological examination, 956/1070 cases were confirmed as benign but there were 114 discordant cases. Among the other cases histopathology diagnosis of malignancy matched in 45/49 and 128/143 cases.The sensitivity and specificity were 60,28% and 98,05% respectively. False positive rate was 1.95% and false negative rate was 39.72%. The positive predictive value was 90.1% and negative predictive value was 89.35%. Accuracy of FNA in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid lesions was 89,46%., Conclusions: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, cost-effective and popular procedure for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. It is recommended as the first line investigation for the diagnosis of thyroid lessions.