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The present study was carried out on the material of 486 ovarian cancer patients who received radiotherapy and chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment at the Oncological Gynaecology Clinic at the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Cancer Center-Institute of Oncology in Warsaw in the period 1979-1985, following primary surgery. The clinical stage of disease advancement was determined on the basis of surgery protocols and histological examinations. Radiotherapy was the treatment of choice in patients in stages I and II. Irradiation was applied to the pelvis minor and para aortal nodes (in patients at stage Ia) or to fields covering the entire abdominal cavity (other patients at stage I and II). Chemotherapy was given to stage III and IV patients multi-drug therapy, usually including Cisplatin, Adriamycin, and Cyclophosphamide, or with one drug (monochemotherapy) with the alhylating agents. The largest group of patients under study were women with ovarian cancer in stage I (38.8%), the smallest group consisted of patients in stage IV (8.5%). Patients in stage III represented 37.5% of all the material. Patients aged 50-64 years were most frequently treated (47.3%), the least frequent group were the patients aged over 65 (13.2%). The predominating histological diagnosis was serous cancer type (48.7%), clear-cell cancer was detected least frequently (13.2%). Among all the patients treated 35.4% survived 5 years after treatment, 69% in stage I, 43.8% in stage II, 8.8% in stage III, and 2.5% in stage IV.

The results of treatment in 130 cases of GCT of the ovary treated in the Institute of Oncology in Warsaw and followed up from 5 to 40 years were analysed with respect to the methods of therapy and age of the patients. The highest 5-year survival rate (86%) was obtained by combination of radical surgery with external irradiation. Such treatment also resulted in the lowest percentage of early and late failures of the treatment (17%). Conservative surgery, applied in the Ist stage of GCT resulted in 69% of 5-year survivals and gave young women a chance of procreation; however, the majority (69%) of patients who underwent this treatment sooner or later developed a recurrence leading, in consequence, to death.

Three hundred and ten cases of uterine sarcomas, among them, according to pathology: LMS (Leiomyosarcoma)--117, MMS (Mixed mesodermal sarcoma)--62, ESS (Endometrial stromal sarcoma)--56, CS (Carcinosarcoma)--27, RBMS (Rhabdomyosarcoma)--18 and other sarcomas--30, were retrospectively evaluated at the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center between 1950 and 1985. These mesodermal tumors were divided into uterine corpus sarcomas (295) and the rarely occurring uterine cervix sarcomas. As the main modality of treatment 307 patients underwent surgery. Almost all patients received adjuvant radiotherapy but 51 cases of LMS. Overall 5-year survival was 34.5% and in particular subgroups the survivals were as follows: the best, 52% in LMS; lower, 30% in ESS; poor survival about 20% in CS and MMS. In spite of low curability in the majority of subgroups except LMS, the cases of CS with primary site in uterine cervix distinguished itself with better results. No significant survival advantage was found for surgery plus radiotherapy in LMS with low grade mitotic activity, (10 mitoses/10 HPF) compared with surgery alone (63% and 54%). These cases seem to have better prognosis in LMS with high grade mitotic activity (10 mitoses/10 HPF) and do not require adjuvant radiotherapy.