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Introduction: The increase of fungal infections is widely observed all over the world. Neonates, particularly those with immature immunity and multiple medications, parenteral nutrition and invasive diagnostic procedures are very prone to fungal infection. Aim: Assesment of risk of fungal infections in neonates requiring intensive care. Material and methods: 3544 blood samples and other samples like urine, skin swabs and mucous membrane swabs obtained from neonates were analysed. All neonates were hospitalised in Department of Neonatology at Poznan University of Medical Sciences. Samples were obtained in the second week of life and underwent a standard, mycological diagnostic procedure. Results: Yeast like fungi were grown in 194 cultures. The dominant was Candida albicans - present in 74.1%. Other isolated species were: C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. sake, C. tropicalis and C. lusitaniae. There was no statistically important correlations between sites of isolations of yeast were found. Medium weight of neonates diagnosed with fungal infections was lower than the one of neonates with no infection, but it was not statistically significant. No lipophylic yeast were cultured. Conclusions: Candida-yeast are a real danger in neonatal intensive care units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatophytosis in cattle is most often caused by infection with Trichophyton verrucosum ( T. verrucosum ), but also with Trichophyton rubrum ( T. rubrum ), Trichophyton mentagrophytes ( T. mentagrophytes ) and others, regardless of the geographical zone. The infection is transmitted through direct contact between animals as well as infected environmental elements. The human-to-human transmission of fungal infection is also possible.. This retrospective study was conducted based on a detailed analysis of the results of the mycological examination and medical documentation of 40 patients from Greater Poland, diagnosed with cattle-to-human dermatophytoses from March 2017 to November 2023. T. verrucosum accounted for 97.5% of infections and T. mentagrophytes for 2.5%; no other species of dermatophytes from cattle were found. Superficial skin mycosis in humans associated with cattle was more often diagnosed in small children and men directly engaged in cattle breeding. The dominant etiological factor of the superficial fungal skin infection was T. verrucosum , which mainly affected the scalp in children and upper limbs in adult men. In relation to the cattle population in Greater Poland, the number of cases of superficial skin mycoses among cattle breeders and their family members over the period of more than six and a half years of observation does not seem to be high.

We report a case of a 34-year-old Polish Caucasian male who was diagnosed with tinea manuum caused by Trichophyton rubrum var. raubitschekii. It would be the first described case of a dermatophytosis caused by this fungus in Poland and one of a few cases in Central Europe described so far. Admittedly, it would be the first case in Central Europe with no evidence pointing to African origin. The clinical condition improved after administering itraconazole (daily dose 100 mg orally) supplemented with a topical treatment, while the patient was totally cured after 2 months. The histopathological examination turned out to be highly useful in the diagnostic process. The genetic analysis of the urease gene pointed to a urease-positive T. rubrum rather than T. rubrum var. raubitschekii.