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The lot of policewomen has been a difficult adaptation to a predominantly male-dominated organization. Being traditionally dominated by males, the police organization may become a problematic workplace for policewomen. In a patriarchal society, women are placed at a disadvantage because of gender-related workplace problems that may arise. This study involves an assessment of the gender-related problems experienced by the policewomen of the Philippine National Police in the central region of the Philippines. Likewise, the study provides analyses of the relationships of these gender-related problems to the job performance of women officers. Using a survey questionnaire, gender-related problems of policewomen are identified and related to their performance using both objective and subjective measures. The data indicate that women officers experience gender-related problems. However, these problems do not seem to relate significantly to their job performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the impact of civilian review board on the police is a challenging process. The task is complicated due to the absence of baseline data that will account for observed changes in citizen complaints, especially if the concept is a novelty in a particular jurisdiction. Likewise, using traditional measures of impact such as the number of complaints or conviction rates is problematic due to a variety of confounding factors. This study examines the perceptions of complainants and officers concerning the impact of civilian review boards. Using data collected through surveys of police officers and complainants in a metropolitan area in the Philippines, the study focuses on "learning" as a viable construct to measure the impact of civilian review boards and the perceived deterrent effects of these boards. The research found that civilian review boards have a significant impact on police officer perceptions as well as on the police department. The study also shows that learning may be a viable measure for studying the impact of civilian review boards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]