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A critical analysis of health control measures that historically took place in Peru to the present which has led Peru to officially consider leprosy as an "eliminated" public health problem. We will also discuss the validity of the status given the neglect of health surveillance, disbanded specialized control entities, health medical staff forgetting to account for leprosy in early stages, the presence of undiagnosed smear-positive leprosy in Lima and the undeniable hidden prevalence, suggest that there is a danger to the country and the region that a re-emergence of leprosy will occur, if relevant and appropriate sanitary measures are not taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific institutions and their achievements are built on people and their stories. In this case, Dr. César Náquira Velarde constitutes a prominent figure in Peru's public health, to which he contributed until days before his departure at 85 years of age. Dr. Náquira actively participated in the founding of the Daniel A. Carrión Institute of Tropical Medicine of the National University of San Marcos from where - through re search and teaching - he has trained doctors and specialists in the field of parasitology and tropical medici ne. However, his greatest contribution was in the study of Chagas disease. He also served as a public official and decision maker, as he was head of the National Institute of Health of Peru and permanent technical advisor of the Ministry of Health of Peru, in the areas of his specialty. We highlight his role as a teacher for many generations of doctors and his authority as an expert in the field of medical parasitology.

A critical analysis of health control measures that historically took place in Peru to the present which has led Peru to officially consider leprosy as an "eliminated" public health problem. We will also discuss the validity of the status given the neglect of health surveillance, disbanded specialized control entities, health medical staff forgetting to account for leprosy in early stages, the presence of undiagnosed smear-positive leprosy in Lima and the undeniable hidden prevalence, suggest that there is a danger to the country and the region that a re-emergence of leprosy will occur, if relevant and appropriate sanitary measures are not taken.