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The most widespread health and safety problem on college and university campuses in the United States today is high-risk alcohol use and related consequences. The heavy, episodic use of alcohol that 44 percent of college students engage in results in a myriad of consequences for both drinkers and nondrinkers, ranging from disturbed study and vandalism to assault and even death. Alcohol use may have a significant impact on student retention as well. Campus administrators perceive that approximately 27 percent of all dropouts are related to alcohol and other drugs. Recent reports also confirm that alcohol use has significant adverse effects on cities and towns surrounding colleges and universities. Many college administrators and community members realize that there is no single cause of students' heavy alcohol use and therefore no single remedy for the problem. A comprehensive approach is required, one that addresses multiple levels of influence. Individual factors and group processes influence drinking behavior, and strategies to address these two levels are part of a comprehensive approach. This publication aims to encourage campus administrators in a state to work together to introduce policies that make the environment less supportive of high-risk alcohol use. Beginning with a general definition of policy, it goes on to review specific alcohol policy options cited in recent reviews of the scientific literature. It also suggests concrete actions that campus administrators can take to encourage key stakeholders, including policymakers, to review existing policy and serve as catalysts for change. (Contains 2 tables and 9 online resources.)

The most widespread health and safety problem on college and university campuses in the United States today is high-risk alcohol use and related consequences. The heavy, episodic use of alcohol that 44 percent of college students engage in results in a myriad of consequences for both drinkers and nondrinkers, ranging from disturbed study and vandalism to assault and even death. Alcohol use may have a significant impact on student retention as well. Campus administrators perceive that approximately 27 percent of all dropouts are related to alcohol and other drugs. This publication aims to encourage campus administrators in a state to work together to introduce policies that make the environment less supportive of high-risk alcohol use. Beginning with a general definition of policy, it goes on to review specific alcohol policy options cited in recent reviews of the scientific literature. It also suggests concrete actions that campus administrators can take to encourage key stakeholders, including policymakers, to review existing policy and serve as catalysts for change.

In order to test the hypothesis that size of place of residence and urban proximity preferences constitute factors in population dispersal migration behavior, a random sample of 777 Pennsylvania households plus a sample screened for moving probability (N=319) were surveyed via personal interviews in 1974. A follow-up survey on actual migration patterns was conducted by phone one year later. Data were analyzed in terms of: (1) preferred size of place of residence by size of place of origin (central city or suburb over 500,000; medium-sized city of 50,000-500,000; smaller city/village under 50,000; and countryside); (2) size of place of destination by preferred size of place of residence; (3) percent of movers attaining preferred size of place of destination and zero order and partial correlation coefficients between preferred and size of place of destination; (4) percent of movers attaining preferred destination with respect to a large city and zero order and partial correlation coefficients between preferred and actual destination with respect to a large city. Data did not support the population spread approach (growth spread in rural areas), as most respondents who preferred a smaller size of place also wanted to be within commuting distance of an urban center, nor did the data indicate correlation between residential preferences and actual migration behavior among those preferring smaller rural places. (JC)