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Purpose: The present study aims to examine the effects of work from home (WFH) on employees' performance and wellbeing during the second wave of pandemic and to find out the effects of institutional head's support as mediating variables and employees' self-efficacy as moderating variables on employees' performance and wellbeing during WFH. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach with causal comparative research design was adopted to collect the data from the respondents. The participants of the study were 586 teachers from public and private universities of Karachi, Pakistan, who were teaching from home during the second wave of pandemic, selected randomly from the population. An adopted questionnaire was used to collect data which consists of six parts. Findings: Results found the positive significant effects of WFH on teachers' social wellbeing, negative significant effects on teachers' performance, their physical and mental wellbeing. No significant effects of WFH were found on teachers' financial wellbeing. The study also found that head's support plays a partially mediating significant role in the relationship between WFH and job performance, and social wellbeing, while no mediation on physical, social and financial wellbeing was found. Moderating effects of teachers' self-efficacy exist between the relationship of WFH and teachers' job performance, mental wellbeing and social wellbeing, while no effects exist between the relationship of WFH and teachers' physical and financial wellbeing. Originality/value: The new research model will contribute significantly to education practitioners' knowledge, especially the government of Pakistan, which needs to measure their work from home policy's effectiveness during the pandemic.

The psychosocial adaptation of international scholars is a growing area of inquiry in social sciences. Currently, almost 47,164 Pakistani international scholars are enrolled in various universities worldwide but there is a dearth of literature concerning their psychosocial adjustment. This qualitative inquiry focuses on Pakistani graduate and postgraduate international scholars' insights concerning their adaptation practices in Dutch culture and society. The study is grounded in a sociocultural adaptation model. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews with ten Pakistani international students who are currently registered in three Dutch universities. The seven central themes that emerged out of in-depth interviews were the perception of cultural disparity, linguistic challenges, limited interaction with host nationals, discrimination, difficulties practicing religious obligations, acculturation attitudes, and participants' coping strategies applied during the adjustment process. The findings of the current study highlight both barriers and protective factors within the scope of theoretical assumptions and literature. The current study contributes to the gap in the available literature concerning Pakistani international scholars' experiences. A limited number of studies have discussed acculturation practices of Muslim students and from a specific region. The present findings would be useful for Pakistani international scholars who intend to study abroad and the administration of the host universities receiving Pakistani international scholars to facilitate their adjustment to the new context.

Objective To evaluate factors associated with rising trends of intentional ingestion of caustic agents for suicidal attempts in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross Sectional, Observational study. Setting: Tertiary Health Care Center of Islamabad. Period: January 2019 to December 2020. Material & Methods: One hundred subjects with intentional ingestion of caustic ingestion were interviewed on a written questioner after informed consent. Non-probability purposive was sampling method used. Results: Out of 100 patients 63% were female, mean age was 28.81 years and 58% had suicidal intension. Disturbed marital/family life was main factor behind suicidal attempts. (P= 0.025). Conclusion: factors like female gender, younger age, poor socioeconomic status and disturbed marital/family life in study group had statistically significant association with suicidal intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Pakistan, discussions of the concepts of environment and environmental awareness are a very recent development. Therefore, Pakistan's experience in environmental education is fairly new. While primary school provides a semi-planned environmental education, it is obvious that in institutions of higher education environmental education is not adequate at all. Even though there are a great number of organizations engaged in environmental issues, their environmental education activities are inadequate. The purpose of this study is to examine Pakistan's environmental problems and how environmental awareness and education is conducted; to address the economic, social and communicative dimensions of environmental education; and to evaluate the media's contribution to environmental education and to environmental awareness. The researcher adopted the quantitative research design for the purpose of data collection. The self-made questionnaire will be the research instrument and the collected data will be analyzed by using SPSS 21.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Shift work refers to a work schedule that is performed in rotations, typically is divided into morning, evening, and nightshift or a set period of times by which different groups perform their duties accordingly. Little is known about shift work in Pakistan, especially in the Peshawar region. Implication for individual Nurses' need to care for their own health as well as with patient care. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of shift work on the health of nurses working in public and private hospitals of Peshawar. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional study. In May 2017, 199 nurses participated in this study by completing a selfadministered questionnaire which comprised of demographic data health outcomes after taking consent from the participants in 2 public and 1 private hospital in Peshawar. Results: The study found that Rotating shifts affect nurses physically as well as psychologically; there is a positive association between shift work and health problems such as sleep disturbances and sleep-related impairment, fatigue, anger, satisfaction with social roles outside of work, and lower cognitive abilities. Conclusion: Shift work is essential for any organization to provide 24 hours services to the patient. In nursing, shift work is mandatory and required to provide continuous quality care to the patients, but it has some adverse effects on the health of nurses as well as on patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hearing impairment and its consequences in children are often worsened by late identification in Pakistan. Deep-rooted cultural beliefs make some parents reluctant to seek clinical treatment, making adaptable solutions that traverse levels of socio-ecological model necessary., Aims: To determine the impact of hearing impairment on children's participation in social activities, and the financial burden on their parents., Methods: This cross-sectional study included 377 parents of children with hearing impairment. The sample was recruited from special education schools and hospitals in Islamabad and Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2015 to April 2016. A 15-item structured questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis., Results: Among children with hearing impairment, 47.5% faced moderate challenges in joining social activities, and 26.0% faced severe challenges. There was a significant positive correlation between the severity of hearing impairment, the person who suspected hearing impairment, age of detection of hearing impairment, and time of referral. Children with hearing impairment caused moderate financial strain on 39.0% of parents and mild strain on 26.8%., Conclusion: Hearing impairment can significantly impact children's participation in social activities and cause financial burdens on their parents., (Copyright © Authors 2023; Licensee: World Health Organization. EMHJ is an open access journal. This paper is available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).)