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Kalonji (Nigella sativa L.) is an important medicinal plant, cultivated as a rabi crop in Pakistan. A hydroponic sand culture experiment was conducted to know the effect of N:P supply ratio at two N and P supply levels on kalonji. N:P ratios maintained in nutrient solution ranged from 2 to 18 at two levels of N and P designated as high and low. The plants produced more biomass and seeds with higher antioxidant activity, total phenolics and flavonoids at high N and P supply levels. Biological weight, seed weight, antioxidant activity and total phenolics were not affected by N:P supply ratio. However, high N:P supply ratios i.e., 15 and 18 reduced total flavonoids in kalonji seeds. N uptake by the plant was not influenced by N:P supply ratio however, P uptake was found maximum at ratios 6 to 9. It is concluded from the results that kalonji plants with better quality seeds can be more successfully grown if N:P supply ratio is maintained at or near 7 in the growth medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the level of retention of knowledge regarding calculation of drug dose among undergraduate nursing students studying at a private school of nursing. This was a pre- and post-comparison design conducted at the Aga Khan University, Pakistan, from August 2017 to September 2019. All the students enrolled in Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) (Class of 2019) were included in the study. Mean test scores of 141 fourth year BScN students were compared with their own performance in the second year. Mean scores on mathematics and drug dosage calculation test decreased significantly from 21 in second year to 17.97 in the final year of studies. Modifications in assessments as well as curriculum are suggested to improve retention of dose calculation skills among undergraduate nursing students.