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Aim: To determine the association of fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) with dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD). Method: This collaborative prospective interventional clinical study was carried out by the Biochemistry Department, at the University of Karachi-Pakistan, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi-Pakistan and Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan. The study duration was from March 2019 to May 2020. Participants were identified on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results. Of 34 participants, 17 were NDD and 17 were healthy. Demographics and anthropometric details were noted on a predesigned questionnaire. Blood samples were collected at fasting state for plasma glucose, lipid profile, HbA1c, and hormones (GIP and GLP-1). Results: The healthy participants included nine males and eight females, and the NDD participants included ten males and seven females. Mean age was 50.78±2.44 years and BMI was 28.41±0.76 kg/m2. Among healthy participants, both GIP and GLP-1 showed non-significant weak correlation for biochemical parameters. In NDD participants, GIP showed significantly negative moderate correlation with age and non-HDL and positive moderate correlation with LDL only. However, GLP-1 showed significantly positive moderate correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.564, p = 0.018), LDL (r = 0.498, p = 0.042), HDL (r = 0.50, p = 0.041) and non-HDL (r = 0.503, p = 0.047) in NDD participants. Conclusion: The effect of GIP and GLP-1 measures on dyslipidemia were substantially different among NDD participants in our population. In the NDD group, GLP-1 is significantly moderately associated with dyslipidemia compared to GIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of liraglutide in reducing weight and Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODOLOGY: This analytical observational study was conducted at Jinnah medical college hospital Karachi Pakistan. The Convenient sample technique was used for sample collection. Data was collected from January 2018 to April 2019, comprising of 68 patients receiving liraglutide therapy. They were analysed for changes in body weight and HbA1c after 12 and 24 weeks of liraglutide therapy. RESULT: In patients receiving oral anti-diabetics and liraglutide there was significant reduction in weight at 12 and 24 weeks, while with liraglutide alone weight and HbA1c was reduced at 12 weeks but no further reduction at 24 weeks, same effect was observed in insulin and liraglutide therapy, but in patient receiving insulin, liraglutide and metformin changes were sustained at 24 weeks. CONCLUSION: Liraglutide is effective therapy for controlling weight and HbA1c especially when given in combination with oral anti-diabetics and insulin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]