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Background/aim: Although ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) is the second most common entrapment mononeuropathy, there are few reports on its neurophysiological classification. In this study, we tried to find out the role of needle electromyography (EMG) in the neurophysiological classification of UNE. Materials and methods: UNE patients who met the clinical and neurophysiological diagnostic criteria and healthy individuals were included in this study. Reference values of nerve conduction studies were obtained from healthy individuals. Needle EMG was performed to all UNE patients. According to the neurophysiological classification proposed by Padua, UNE patients were classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Results: Thirty-one controls and thirty-five UNE patients were included in the study. There was mild UNE in 23 patients, moderate UNE in 8, and severe UNE in 4. Abnormal needle EMG findings were present in all patients with moderate and severe UNE and in 12 patients with mild UNE. Conclusion: Abnormal needle EMG findings are seen in most of the UNE patients. Therefore, it is not practical to use needle EMG findings in the neurophysiological classification. Needle EMG abnormalities may also be present in patients with mild UNE due to axonal degeneration or motor conduction block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]