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The Pacific nodule province covers about 4.5 million km2 in the eastern tropical Pacific with abundance of polymetallic nodules. Microbes are believed to play large roles in the metal cycling in many environments, but the microbial community in the Pacific nodule province has never been studied. Phylogenetic studies based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, together with bacterial cultivation were used to study the microbial populations in the Pacific nodule province (A core) deep-sea sediment. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysisdemonstrated that Proteobacteria division mainly of γ-Proteobacteria dominated the microbial community of the nodule province A core. Among the γ-Proteobacteria, Shewanella species which were known as Fe(□), Mn(□) reducing bacteria were found prevalent. Besides Proteobacteria, Green nonsulfur bacteria, the candidate subdivision OP3, Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides bacteria and novel unidentified strains were also detected. Archaeal 16S rDNA sequence analysis data and results from hybridization with crenarchaeotal marine group I specific probe revealed that all archaea detected at the station belong to Crenarchaeota nonthermophilic marinegroup I. Bacteria assigned to the gamma Proteobacteria wereisolated, none of them showed capability of manganese oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]