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Rationale and Objectives: To determine if background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in high-risk women correlates with future cancer., Materials and Methods: All screening breast MRIs (n = 1039) in high-risk women at our institution from August 1, 2004, to July 30, 2013, were identified. Sixty-one patients who subsequently developed breast cancer were matched 1:2 by age and high-risk indication with patients who did not develop breast cancer (n = 122). Five fellowship-trained breast radiologists independently recorded the BPE. The median reader BPE for each case was calculated and compared between the cancer and control cohorts., Results: Cancer cohort patients were high-risk because of a history of radiation therapy (10%, 6 of 61), high-risk lesion (18%, 11 of 61), or breast cancer (30%, 18 of 61); BRCA mutation (18%, 11 of 61); or family history (25%, 15 of 61). Subsequent malignancies were invasive ductal carcinoma (64%, 39 of 61), ductal carcinoma in situ (30%, 18 of 61) and invasive lobular carcinoma (7%, 4of 61). BPE was significantly higher in the cancer cohort than in the control cohort (P = 0.01). Women with mild, moderate, or marked BPE were 2.5 times more likely to develop breast cancer than women with minimal BPE (odds ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-4.8, P = .005). There was fair interreader agreement (κ = 0.39)., Conclusions: High-risk women with greater than minimal BPE at screening MRI have increased risk of future breast cancer., (Copyright © 2018 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Rationale and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine if core biopsy-proven benign papillomas of the breast need to be surgically excised., Materials and Methods: Mammographic and pathologic database review from January 1994 to January 2004 revealed 178 papillary lesions diagnosed by core biopsy in 176 women (mean age, 59 years). All lesions had >or=24 months of imaging follow-up (n = 75) or surgical correlation (n = 103). Details regarding core biopsy technique, lesion appearance, pathologic results, imaging-histopathologic concordance, and follow-up imaging were recorded. Core and surgical pathologic results were correlated., Results: Of the 178 papillary lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy, 120 (67%) were initially diagnosed as benign without atypia. The core biopsy diagnoses of benignity were confirmed for all 120 lesions by either surgical excision (n = 45) or stability after >or=2 years of imaging follow-up (n = 75). Of the remaining 58 papillary lesions, 50 were found to be atypical at core needle biopsy; 15 of those 50 (29%) were upgraded to malignancies at surgical excision. Eight of the 178 lesions (5%) were initially diagnosed as malignant papillary lesions at core needle biopsy. Seven of these eight (88%) were confirmed malignant at excision. None of the surgically proven cancers was diagnosed as benign at core biopsy., Conclusions: Close imaging follow-up rather than excision of core biopsy-proven benign papillomas was adequate given careful imaging-histopathologic correlation and excision of all atypical and discordant lesions. Individual centers should evaluate their own data and tailor their practices accordingly., (Copyright 2010 AUR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)