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Aim:  The American College of Surgeons has developed a registry, the National Quality Improvement Program Pediatric (NSQIP-P), that provides participating centers with high-quality surgical outcome data for children. Herein, we aimed to analyze for the first time the short-term outcomes of live-born infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) registered on this large North American database.Methods:  During 2015 to 2016, up to 101 participating centers uploaded 95 perioperative data points on the NSQIP-P database for patients that underwent surgical repair of CDH. The demographics, peri-, and post-operative data (up to 30 days following surgical repair) of infants with CDH were reviewed. Binary logistic regression was performed to test associations between risk factors and mortality.Main Results:  There were 432 (61% male) infants, who underwent CDH surgical repair during the study period. The prematurity rate (gestational age < 37 weeks) was 17%. The majority of infants (82%) had cardiac risk factors identified (72% were reported as major/severe). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was employed in 13% of patients prior to surgery. The majority of infants (83%) were ventilated preoperatively, and 34% received inotropes. Median age at surgery was 5 (0-74) days. CDH repair was attempted via thoracoscopy in 18% (n = 79) infants, but with a high rate of conversion to open surgery (n = 32, 41%). The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 9%. At binary logistic regression, major cardiac risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 1.7 [0.9-3.2], p = 0.095), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration at 1 minute (OR, 0.7 per unit [0.5-0.8], p < 0.005), and birth weight (OR, 0.5 per kg [0.2-1.0], p < 0.05) were retained in the final model as significantly associated with mortality.Conclusion:  This is the first report on CDH outcomes from the NSQIP-P database. Utilization of ECMO was low compared with single-center studies from North America. The early postoperative mortality rate of babies with CDH considered suitable for surgery remains high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]