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Background: Sexual Orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction, with the attractions broadly incorporated under heterosexuality and non-heterosexuality. Societal and other factors seem to affect individuals' perception of their self-identified orientation. Thus, this study sets out to document the distribution of sexual orientation, level of self-reported satisfaction, and factors associated with sexual orientation among unmarried university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 550 respondents sampled using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collected via a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed via IBM SPSS version 20.0. Results: Most respondents (93.6%) were heterosexuals, 4.7% bisexuals, 1.3% lesbian women and 0.40% gay men. More heterosexuals (80.4%) were fully satisfied with their self-identified sexual orientation compared to 57.2% of non-heterosexuals. Respondents who had religious upbringing and those whose parents were currently married were less likely to have sexual orientation outside of heterosexuality. Conclusion: The most prevalent sexual orientation was heterosexuality, with more heterosexuals also expressing satisfaction than others. With the level of dissatisfaction expressed by those who are not heterosexuals as well as the factors associated with heterosexuality, it is plausible to conclude that societal values and/or prejudices constitute major factors in individuals self-identifying with some particular sexual orientation and the satisfaction derived therein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context/Backgroud: This paper examines the demand for heterosexual commercial sex services in lbadan, Nigeria with specific focus on the sub-markets where different commercial sex activities are usually traded. Identified players include commercial sex workers (females), clients (males) and intermediaries (exploiters). Data Sources & Method: This study employed multi-stage sampling procedure. At the first stage, the most populous local government area in lbadan was purposively selected; for the second stage, ten locations where commercial sex work exists were purposively selected while eighteen ( 18) clients were randomly and discretely selected from each of the sites at the last stage. The eventual sample size was one hundred and sixty-eight ( 168) clients. The empirical model derived from the rational addiction theory and it was estimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique. Results: The results show that the demand is highly responsive to age, marital status, income, tastes and preferences and the price (with respect to condom usage). Clubs/bars, streets and houses were the highly patronised sub-markets, though the demand was increasing with short time and per night services in some sub-markets, it was decreasing in others. The nature of risk became more pronounced with clubs/bar clients being more risk loving while others were risk averse in other sub-markets based on their respective significant condom usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Effective diagnostic tools for management of HIV disease progression in Sub-Saharan Africa is inadequate considering the endemic nature of the infection in the region. Objective: To elucidate the clinical implication of oxidative stress (measured as Malondialdehyde, MDA) as additional biomarker of HIV disease progression and its implication in HIV clinical management. Materials and methods: A total of 250 individuals were recruited for the study. FACScan cytometry and spectrophotometric methods were employed in assessing T-lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8) and MDA respectively. Results: MDA concentration increased significantly ( P < 0.05) in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) subjects by 12.72% in category 1, 9.75% in III and in category II (4.63%) on comparison with non-HAART subjects. In subjects taking HAART, 22.2%, 56.3%, and 22.2% were found to be in category I, II and III, respectively, with a corresponding non-HAART values of 15.6%, 45.6% and 38.9%. However, Spearman's rank correlation ( P < 0.001) statistics of MDA and HIV categories showed a negative correlation in all the categories (I, II and III). Discussion and conclusion: These findings suggest that MDA may be an additional clinical factor in assessing progression of HIV disease; however, necessary fortification of regimen with antioxidant may help reduce the high MDA concentration in the disease progression of the infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]