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Purpose: Globally, prefabrication in housebuilding has evolved as an innovative approach to attain sustainability and affordability. However, the SC, including non-producers and producers, of prefabricated housebuilding projects is still not perceptually aligned, hindering innovation diffusion. This paper investigates the contemporary industry perspective on PHB for conceptualisation, market share and growth, innovation diffusion and the producer's role in the context of New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory qualitative research design was chosen to learn the perceptual stance of the industry. A semi-structured survey was conducted, followed by interviews with selected supply chain participants, who were producers and non-producers and had relevant experience in the PHB industry. Findings: This study reports the common terminologies used by supply chain members, with justification and explanation. Further, the perceived market share and growth of the PHB industry are obtained and compared with subsequent studies to determine the capability and capacity. The perception of the diffusion of PHB by type is reported to portray the overall trend of the industry. In the last, the role of producers as the suppliers of PHB projects is investigated to establish the stakeholder positional criticality. Practical implications: This study can help researchers and practitioners gain insight into the PHB industry from a multi-dimensional perspective. This study is a potential first step to formalise the policy, programme, strategies and action plan for the uptake of the PHB in the New Zealand. Originality/value: PHB diffusion in the supply chain perspective, considering multi-dimensional aspects, has not been considered in previous studies as government agencies produce most of the literature. This academic research establishes the theoretical linkage towards PHB diffusion and reports the current status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Regular tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste is associated with a lower risk for dental caries while brushing with non-fluoride toothpaste is not. In recent years a number of non-fluoride toothpaste brands have entered the oral healthcare market in Aotearoa | New Zealand (NZ). Given the current caries epidemic, this study aims to document sales of non-fluoride toothpaste and the oral health marketing claims made on the packaging. Methods: Data were gathered from two sources: (1) IRI MarketEdge data definitions prepared by Colgate provided dollar sales in NZD, unit sales, dollar market share and average unit cost of both non-fluoride toothpaste and children’s toothpaste for toothpaste products sold in NZ supermarkets from 2012 to 2021; and (2) non-fluoride toothpaste products sold in NZ stores and online were purchased and the oral health claims on the packaging/websites were documented. Results: In general, sales of non-fluoride toothpaste rose over the years from 2012 to 2021. Non-fluoride toothpaste is easily purchased from a variety of retailers and online. The packaging on many of these products contains health claims that may confuse consumers. Some non-fluoride toothpaste packaging does not state the non-fluoride status. Conclusions: This study shows that overall, during the study period, sales volumes of non-fluoride toothpaste have increased in NZ. However, consumers have little or no protection or recourse from misleading marketing claims on the packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at studying the current situation of the production and consumption of red meat in Egypt, as well as estimating the market power (monopolistic practices) and estimating some indicators of the competitiveness of the most important exporting countries red meat to Egypt. The study concluded that the total production and the self-sufficiency rate of red meat in Egypt decreased during the period (2012-2020) at a rate of about 7.9%, 6% annually, respectively. And the values of the inverse elasticity of residual demand for Brazil, Sudan, and Paraguay are statistically positive and significant, meaning that these countries practice more monopolistic practices within the Egyptian market, and statistically positive and insignificant for India, Colombia, South Africa, which means the dominance of complete competition for these red meat exporting countries within the Egyptian market, and statistically negative and insignificant for Australia, America, New Zealand, meaning that these countries lose their market power within the Egyptian market. The study also found that the market share index for the most important countries competing for the export of red meat within the Egyptian market during the period)2010-2020( amounted to about 17.54%, 15.2%, and 12.65% for Brazil, Sudan, and Paraguay, respectively, meaning that the Egyptian market is able to absorb the largest amount of red meat from those countries. And that the market penetration coefficient reached its maximum for each of Sudan and Brazil by about 9.5% and 8.34%, respectively, and that the market share of New Zealand and America was low, and therefore the Egyptian market could absorb larger quantities in the future than those countries. New Zealand achieved the best relative price per ton of red meat, followed by Australia and then America. While New Zealand achieved the best rate of relative stability in red meat production, followed by Sudan and Brazil. The research recommends that the import policy should be directed to New Zealand, Australia and South Africa because they do not exercise any monopolistic pressures with in the Egyptian market, in addition to their high competitive capabilities and low market share, which opens the way for increasing their market share. And take advantage of the competitive advantage of the relative price index of New Zealand, Australia and America compared to the prices of competing countries. And an attempt to reduce the monopolistic pressures exerted by Brazil and Sudan within the Egyptian market by increasing reliance on New Zealand, Australia and South Africa in importing meat, With the same quality and specifications preferred by the Egyptian consumer [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of international competitive strategies, i.e. cost leadership and differentiation, on export (market share and strategic) performance. This study further explores the roles of exploitative and exploratory organizational learning in the relationships between international competitive strategies and export performances. To fill research gaps, this study intends to provide guidance on how varied exploitative/exploratory organizational learning and cost leadership/differentiation strategy combinations would affect export performance. The outcomes of this study provide a new match and mis-match conceptualization to extant international competitive strategy and organizational learning literature. Design/methodology/approach: This study selected New Zealand (NZ) exporting as the research setting because exporting plays such a vital role in NZ's economy and NZ exporting firms have long been highly competitive in international markets (e.g. meat and dairy exporters), with the primary data collected through surveys conducted in 2010 and 2013. This study adopted a three-year lagged performance approach. Findings: Cost leadership strategy has a positive effect on market share performance. This effect is enhanced by exploitative learning but dampened by exploratory learning. Cost leadership also has a positive effect on strategic performance, which is not affected by exploitative and exploratory learning. Differentiation strategy bears no relation to market share and strategic performance, even allowing for exploitative and exploratory learning. Collectively, the contingent role of organizational learning in the international competitive strategies and export performance framework is far more comprehensive than was expected. Research limitations/implications: This study reveals that a match between cost leadership strategy and exploitative learning may result in a superior market share. The configuration of differentiation strategy and exploitative learning and the integration of cost leadership strategy and exploratory learning are suggested as mis-matches, as these combinations would not lead to any significant and positive market share and strategic performance. Unexpectedly, the co-alliance of differentiation strategy and explorative learning is not suggested as a match, as it does not result in a superior market share and strategic performance. This latter outcome suggests that the differentiation strategy-export performance link may be stimulated by other moderating factors (e.g. business managerial ties). Practical implications: While choosing an appropriate international competitive strategy, managers may use cost leadership over differentiation strategy to achieve successful export performance in both the market share and strategic perspectives. Export managers focusing on cost leadership strategy may further implement exploitative learning instead of explorative learning, when market share is vital. Meanwhile, they may note that explorative learning may not have a moderating effect on enhancing strategic performance through cost leadership. These points signify that exploitation of existing knowledge may be more effective than exploration of new knowledge for market share expansion when cost leadership strategy is devoted to exporting activities. Differentiation strategy, however, does not influence market share and strategic performance in exporting, even with an alignment of exploitative/exploratory learning. Managers are urged to pay attention to the mis-match of differentiation strategy and organizational learning when market share and strategic performance are the priorities in export performance evaluation. Originality/value: This study contributes to the organizational learning literature by providing a new match and mis-match conceptualization relating to international competitive strategy and export performance. The new framework provides directions on when firms should use organizational learning to enhance their competitive strategies (a match scenario) and when they should not use it (a mis-match scenario). This study broadens the existing research that has mainly focused on alignment combinations such as organizational learning-internationalization strategy and organizational learning-social network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at examining why many New Zealand firms opt for mergers and acquisitions as part of their strategies for growth. In particular, we seek to identify the motivations and the effect of the mergers and acquisitions. Since New Zealand is a small market with few large firms, we employed a multiple case study method for this purpose. The findings show that motivations are congruent with those found in literature review such as synergy, unified control and product development. We also found that firms undertaking mergers and acquisition enjoy positive effects in terms of market share, and sales revenue. We conclude by discussing implications and providing directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine product and market entry choices of New Zealand exporters, using enterprise-level data on firm performance and merchandise trade. For firms already exporting, we ask: What determines their choices about what and where to export? General and specific prior trade experience play an important role in determining firms' future export activities, as do the export activities of other firms in the local area (a learning effect). These results are robust to the inclusion of other export determinants, including the macroeconomic performance of destination countries, exchange rate movements, and the past performance of the exporting firm. Resumen. Examinamos las decisiones de inserción de productos y acceso a mercados de los exportadores neozelandeses por medio del empleo de datos a escala de empresa sobre el desempeño de firmas y el comercio de mercancías. Para las empresas que ya están exportando preguntamos: ¿Qué determina su decisión de exportación en cuanto al qué y el dónde? La experiencia comercial previa, genérica y específica, juega un papel importante a la hora de determinar las actividades futuras de exportación de la empresa, así como las actividades de exportación de otras empresas locales (efecto de aprendizaje). Estos resultados son lo suficientemente robustos como para incluir otros determinantes de exportación, incluyendo el comportamiento macroeconómico de los países destinatarios, las fluctuaciones de divisa, y el comportamiento en el pasado de la empresa exportadora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a descriptive analysis of firm-level merchandise trade, focussing on the role of novel exporting behaviour. We document two aspects of the dynamics of trade—the contribution of novel activity to aggregate export growth and, conversely, the substantial exit rates of new trade relationships. The unique contribution of this paper lies in the detailed and comprehensive data we have available on market and product choices. Specifically, we make use of shipment-level goods trade data, linked to information for the universe of economically active New Zealand manufacturers, to examine trade at the firm level and at the product-country-firm nexus. Our growth decomposition and survival analysis suggest several themes: (a) novel market entry is a significant contributor to aggregate export growth; (b) the study of international entrepreneurial behaviour should encompass not just de novo entrants, but the broad range of trade innovations initiated by incumbent exporters; (c) much expansion in trade appears to be incremental in nature; (d) despite this, such innovations appear to be inherently risky; and (e) experience and scale appear to be key factors in overcoming these risks (or at least proxies for such factors). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - Aims to conduct research on consumer willingness to buy genetically modified (GM) foods with a price advantage and other benefits, compared with organic and ordinary types of foods, employing a robust experimental method. The importance of this increases as the volume and range of GM foods grown and distributed globally increase, as consumer fears surrounding perceived risk decrease and consumer benefits are communicated. Design/methodology/approach - In contrast with survey-based experiments, which lack credibility with some practitioners and academics, customers chose amongst three categories of fruit (organic, GM, and ordinary) with experimentally designed levels of price in a roadside stall in a fruit- growing region of New Zealand. Buyers were advised, after choosing, that all the fruit was standard produce, and the experiment was revealed. Data were analysed with multi-nomial logit models. Findings - Increasing produce type and price sensitivity coefficient estimates were found in order from organic through ordinary to spray-free GM produce, requiring market-pricing scenario simulations to further investigate the pricing implications. Practical implications - The real market experimental methodology produced robust useful findings. Originality/value - It is concluded that when the GM label is combined with a typical functional food benefit GM fruit can indeed achieve significant market share amongst organic and ordinary fruit, even in a country where the GM issue has been highly controversial; GM fruit can gain a sustainable competitive advantage from any price reduction associated with production cost savings; and market shares of organic fruit are least sensitive to pricing and the introduction of GM fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper begins with a conceptual review of the literature relating to the impact of advertising in mature markets, and applies this to the New Zealand take away food, café and restaurant (primarily 'fast food') market. Substantial reported increases in advertising expenditure over time effectively mask the struggle that advertisers have to maintain share of voice in this fragmented and highly competitive market. Indeed, advertising in mature markets such as this seems to be primarily defensive, and, from the data examined in this paper, aimed at protecting existing market shares rather than having an impact on overall market size. The findings have relevance beyond the single market examined in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper empirically examines the exchange rate pass-through elasticity, using sheep meat exports from the two major exporters, Australia and New Zealand. The results show the coexistence of incomplete and complete pass-through in the international sheep meat industry. The Australian .sheep meat exporters have a relatively .smaller market share than New Zealand and are not able to exercise monopoly power. New Zealand producers, on the other hand, can increase their markups in those destination countries where they have a large market share. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the plans by the New Zealand Stock Exchange to develop a strategy for small and medium-sized companies to publicly list shares. Objectives of the strategy; Comments by Geoff Brown, markets and relationship manager of the stock exchange on the impact of the board's strategy on the grey markets. INSETS: Proposed growth board;The grey markets;Wine company candidate for growth board.

This paper estimates a set of market share equations for new passenger cars in New Zealand over the period 1963 to 1978. These equations are then used to determine the effects on market shares of the fuel price increases and tax rate changes that occurred in the 1970s. The results indicate that the fuel price increases had a major impact on market shares, but that the tax changes probably did not. We first estimate a set of equations that explain the market shares of new passenger cars over the period 1963 to 1978. These equations and the results of their estimation are discussed in Section II. The estimated effects of the fuel price increases and tax rate changes are compared and assessed in Section III. The final section presents some concluding remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the power and benefits of multichannel retailing and the need for traditional retailers in New Zealand to adapt to maintain their market share and remain competitive amidst growing international websites. It discusses the report released by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PWC) on Australian and New Zealand online shopping market, which showed that New Zealand retailers are behind the digital revolution.

This article gives an overview about specific aspects of New Zealand mānuka and kānuka honey, including facts concerning market shares and consumption data. The review addresses antimicrobial effects of these two honeys, which are ascribed to peroxidic and non-peroxidic compounds, as well as antioxidative activity and other effects of medical relevance such as anti-inflammatory or wound healing properties. The article also discusses the state-of-the-art concerning possibilities to distinguish mānuka and kānuka honey, which is important because of the price differences and potential fraud. Available methods and challenges are summarized, and proposed marker substances of mānuka und kānuka honey are reviewed. Available screening methods are examined and their suitability for differentiation of mānuka und kānuka honey is assessed. • Methylglyoxal is responsible for the high antibacterial capacity of mānuka honey. • Pollen analysis is not suitable for distinguishing mānuka from kānuka honey. • Several marker substances of mānuka und kānuka honey were found in different studies. • There are potential avenues for rapid and effective screening methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on the lack of honors received by the franchise industry in New Zealand for their contributions to the economy. It notes that the industry's contribution to New Zealand's gross domestic product every year is estimated at 20 billion U.S. dollars, which is higher than the contributions of the wine and film industry. Reasons behind the industry's lack of recognition are discussed. The need to recognize the pioneers who have helped develop franchising is also emphasized.

The article reports that Statistics New Zealand has worked with local business organizations to deliver a series of seminars around New Zealand. Each event, which is open to all business people, advisors and mentors, features a presentation about the local market. The seminars detail how the department's information has helped businesses to evaluate their business potential or estimate their market share.