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North Atlantic right whale (NARW) distribution shifts have led to increased presence in the US mid‐Atlantic, which includes the New York Bight (NYB), an area with substantial vessel traffic. NARW vessel strikes are mitigated by a seasonal management area (SMA) that is active November–April. Within the SMA, vessels ≥ 19.8 m must travel at ≤10 knots. However, until recently, surveys of the NYB were not conducted after the NARW distribution shifted. Thus, it was unclear whether the SMA captured NARW presence in the NYB. Outside the SMA, voluntary speed restrictions are implemented over a limited area when NARW calls are acoustically detected; therefore, it was important to quantify NARW vocal activity. Acoustic recordings (2016–2020) were analyzed to determine NARW presence, vocal states, and diel pattern of vocal activity. NARWs were detected outside SMA boundaries, and medium/high vocal states (21–69 calls over 3–6 h) occurred while the SMA was inactive. Therefore, the SMA spatiotemporal boundaries should be revised. Vocal activity was highest at night (22:00–1:00), and NARWs were acoustically detected when they were not detected by aerial surveys, illustrating acoustic detections are a viable method for triggering mitigation measures when NARWs are vocalizing but are not visually observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines research conducted by the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) on the field of share ownership. The authors outline the five major objectives of their work: gathering accurate information on the shareholders, analyzing the basic motivations behind stock trading, generating financial statistics, creating methods to help firms broaden share ownership, and understanding public attitudes towards the Exchange. They also describe an extensive study by the Brookings Institute pertaining to the first two objectives.

Cetaceans can serve as sentinel species in marine environments as long-lived, apex predators that can concentrate environmental contaminants with potential health consequences. Thus, monitoring the well-being of these species may provide an additional indicator of ecosystem health. In cetaceans, one method for assessing individual and population health is by examining skin conditions. For decades, skin lesions have been increasingly documented in coastal populations of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) worldwide. Lesion presence can indicate diminished health and may reflect environmental stressors. Herein, we document the prevalence of epidermal lesions/marks in bottlenose dolphins from the waters off New York and New Jersey during their seasonal presence from spring to fall. Photographs of distinct individuals sighted from May to October 2017 to 2021 were compiled into a catalog, and skin lesions were categorized and counted. Annually, the lowest skin lesion prevalence was in 2021 (p = 0.31), and the highest was in 2017 (p = 0.81). By month, prevalence generally decreased from spring to fall. Overall lesion prevalence in this population was higher than reported estimates for other populations in the coastal waters of the United States. The five most common categories were cloudy white spots, dark spots, white amorphous lesions, tattoo lesions, and dark fringe lesions; and the three most common groups were potentially pathogenic lesions, hypopigmentation, and rake mark-associated potentially pathogenic lesions. Some of the observed lesions have been associated with viral infections that may be exacerbated by environmental stressors. This research establishes an important baseline for further studies into bottlenose dolphin population health in and around the New York--New Jersey Harbor Estuary, particularly given the continued expansion of anthropogenic activities, including those related to forthcoming offshore wind development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on several hepatitis vaccines. Human normal immune globulin (HNIG) used to be the only prophylaxis available against the Hepatitis A virus (HAV), the efficacy of which depends on the prevalence of protective antibodies against HAV (anti-HAV) in the blood-donor population. The first plasma-derived vaccine against the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which was trialled in homosexual men from New York proved to be highly immunogenic and safe and have very good protective efficacy.

The Nassau County Poison Control Center, functioning according to the Standards of The American Association of Poison Control Centers, furnishes first aid treatment information for acute poisoning to nonprofessional callers and advises them to follow up with a telephone call to their physician. To professional callers, the center gives detailed ingredient information and treatment advice. Programs for educating physicians and the public regarding treatment and prevention of poisonings are continually being conducted. An analysis of calls received showed that most had to do with children under five years of age. These percentages closely match those of the National Clearinghouse Poison Control Centers.

The article provides information on State Legislature that requires merit ratings to set up a new salary schedule for teachers in Rochester, New York. The requirement has been abandoned for the reason that Rochester does not operate on a merit rating system. The former Superintendent of Schools James M. Spinning sets forth reasons for the abandonment such as the legislation was jammed, teachers knew that no scientific case had been established to evaluate teachers and the eligibility for consideration has been mechanically determined.