1. POT1 loss-of-function variants predispose to familial melanoma.
- Author
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Robles-Espinoza CD, Harland M, Ramsay AJ, Aoude LG, Quesada V, Ding Z, Pooley KA, Pritchard AL, Tiffen JC, Petljak M, Palmer JM, Symmons J, Johansson P, Stark MS, Gartside MG, Snowden H, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Liu JZ, Choi J, Makowski M, Brown KM, Dunning AM, Keane TM, López-Otín C, Gruis NA, Hayward NK, Bishop DT, Newton-Bishop JA, and Adams DJ
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Australia, Base Sequence, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Netherlands, Pedigree, Protein Binding, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Shelterin Complex, Skin Neoplasms, Telomere chemistry, Telomere genetics, Telomere-Binding Proteins chemistry, Telomere-Binding Proteins metabolism, United Kingdom, Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Melanoma genetics, Models, Molecular, Telomere metabolism, Telomere-Binding Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Deleterious germline variants in CDKN2A account for around 40% of familial melanoma cases, and rare variants in CDK4, BRCA2, BAP1 and the promoter of TERT have also been linked to the disease. Here we set out to identify new high-penetrance susceptibility genes by sequencing 184 melanoma cases from 105 pedigrees recruited in the UK, The Netherlands and Australia that were negative for variants in known predisposition genes. We identified families where melanoma cosegregates with loss-of-function variants in the protection of telomeres 1 gene (POT1), with a proportion of family members presenting with an early age of onset and multiple primary tumors. We show that these variants either affect POT1 mRNA splicing or alter key residues in the highly conserved oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) domains of POT1, disrupting protein-telomere binding and leading to increased telomere length. These findings suggest that POT1 variants predispose to melanoma formation via a direct effect on telomeres.
- Published
- 2014
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