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Although the historic urban landscape (HUL) approach has been highly focused on values connecting conservation and development, contextualising the approach in relation to local heritage discourses and the dynamics of heritage governance still requires more adaptive assessment tools. Mrauk-U in Rakhine State, Myanmar, was selected as a case study. Through the method of participatory historical map translation (PHMT), the spatial evolution of the city was reproduced to identify the key elements of the landscape structure as urban heritage. These elements were converted into space vector layers in the urban geographical information system (GIS) and underwent a three-step assessment using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method to visualise the morphological patterns of their heritage value, availability and vulnerability. The results indicated that a holistic conservation strategy should be adopted to build a dynamic heritage management framework and that priority should be given to solving military conflict and preventing flood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]