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A new methodology is proposed for computing the city-descriptive parameters for the TERRA_URB scheme in the COSMO model. It is based on the GIS analysis of OpenStreetMap data, Sentinel-2 satellite images, and global land cover data. A set of parameters is obtained for Moscow megacity on a grid with the spacing of 500 m. The dataset is promising for high-resolution numerical weather prediction within the COSMO-Ru system and for urban climate research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the new system for operational short-range numerical weather prediction with the grid spacing of 1 km for the Moscow region that considers the features of urbanized surface and is based on the COSMO-Ru1M model configuration. This system is implemented in the Hydrometcenter of Russia. The results of the trial testing of the optimum model configuration for the Moscow region using observations from the dense network of weather stations and MTP-5 temperature profilers are presented. High prediction capabilities of the new forecasting system are demonstrated. The approaches to the minimization of the time of calculations for the technology chain implemented at the Roshydromet supercomputer are described. A case study of modeling with the grid spacing of 500 m versus 1000 m for summer convective weather events in the Moscow region has been analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]