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The distribution of allele frequencies of polymorphic markers of the genes of the apoptosis and cell cycle control system TP53 (rs1042522), MDM2 (rs2279744), and CDKN1A (rs1801270) was obtained. The relationship of these markers with the risk of ovarian cancer was analyzed in women of the Moscow region. The study included 70 healthy female donors and 66 patients with ovarian cancer. DNA isolated from the blood of healthy donors and tissue and blood of patients with ovarian cancer was studied. The polymorphic markers of genes were analyzed by real-time PCR with fluorescent allele-specific probes. In the work, the odds ratios (OR) of ovarian cancer risk were obtained: OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.57–1.65, p = 1.0 for the Pro allele of the Arg72Pro of the TP53 gene; OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.49–1.89, p = 0.90 for the G allele of the T(–410)G of the MDM2 gene; OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.76–3.09, p = 0.29 for the Arg allele of the Ser31Arg of the CDKN1A gene. Obtained results show no association with ovarian cancer for studied markers. It was revealed that the carriage of minor alleles of the Arg72Pro of the TP53 gene, T(–410)G of the MDM2 gene, and Ser31Arg of the CDKN1A gene did not affect the risk of development of ovarian cancer in women of the Moscow region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]