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In recent years, organic products have been in an increasing demand with consumers. For those who decide to make the transition from conventional to organic or to start a business with organic products, organic agriculture offers many benefits. Organic agriculture is growing in the Republic of Moldova and contributes to global agricultural exports. However, subsidies for organic agriculture are limited. In this context, the study aims to analyse the development prospects in competition with less quality but cheaper traditional products. During the research of this subject, the following methods were used: deduction and induction, analysis, comparison, tabular method and graphical method. In the Republic of Moldova, organic agriculture began to grow only in the years 2002-2004 when the dialogue with the European Union on the share of vegetables, fruits, grapes, berries produced in Moldova and exported to the EU countries began. The structure of crops grown within organic agriculture practices in the Republic of Moldova includes primarily traditional crops (wheat, corn, barley, sunflower, sugar beet, soybeans, peas, etc.), medicinal plants, orchards and vineyards. However, the implementation of organic agricultural systems in the Republic of Moldova is characterized by modest indicators compared to other European countries. Impediments to its promotion are related to the low level of investment, limited access to financial resources, low level of entrepreneurial and professional qualities of most farmers, limited size of the internal market and tough demands of foreign markets, poor harmonization of national standards with the European ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors revealed the concepts of development and economic growth, economic sustainability and quality of life. The authors determined and analyzed in dynamics the period 2010-2018, the trend of changing indicators, development and economic growth at the macroeconomic level such as: the value of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), GDP per capita, and the dynamics of the average monthly nominal salary of an employee per economy, disposable incomes per person, their structure and socio-economic indicators that characterize the quality level of the age of the population in the Republic of Moldova. Although there are modest increases in the number of nominated indicators, the authors consider that there are still a number of issues that need to be addressed, solved and complied with EU and other international standards. The research contains data that will surely be of interest to those concerned with the quality of life of the population. In essence, research in the field of quality of life aims at creating a complex image of quality of life, by analyzing different components of population's life. The following research procedures and methods have been applied in the research process: observation method, comparison, graphical method, table method, chronological series method, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study delves into the optimisation of Ukrainian legislation in line with European human rights standards to shed light on the best strategies for achieving this. Visual and graphical methods were employed in the study, and the number of applications to the European Court of Human Rights (the ECtHR) by EU candidate countries was compared. The result of the study is the identification of potential areas of optimisation of Ukrainian legislation in line with European human rights standards. By understanding these areas, we can work towards a more just and equitable legal system. The number of applications to the ECtHR for the protection of violated rights received from citizens of Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova in 2021, 2022, and 2023 is determined. The article analyses the status of bringing Ukrainian legislation into line with European human rights standards through the prism of applications to protect violated rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article were investigated the main theoretical and practical aspects related to the macroeconomic and socio-economic consequences of public debt and budget deficit as well as the role of Government securities in financing of state expenditures and economic growth. Investigation was implemented based on such research methods as: general-scientific methods of cognition, logical analysis of theoretical and practical materials, documentary method, analogy and grouping, quantitative and qualitative data methods, graphical method, correlation analysis, methods of synthesis and comparative analysis. In order to implement the best international experience in the Republic of Moldova, in this study, besides domestic market, were estimated the Government securities markets from Belgium and România; was revealed, based on correlation analysis, the influence of Government securities markets on the dynamics of main macroeconomic indicators, and, using the best European practices, were elaborated the recommendations for Government securities market development in the Republic of Moldova. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aimed to present a comparative approach of price indices development in agriculture and price variation in ressources and services purchasement by agricultural producers. Based on the analysis of price development report "industry - agriculture," the author gives an appreciation of the phenomenon of "price scissors" for the period 2005-2014. The data sources are the studies from the issue of the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. The data were processed with the following methods: monograph, analysis, synthesis, trend analysis, graphical method, etc. It was concluded that the state should support a manufacturer's target price. The target price of the manufacturer supported by the state should provide producers a profit above the average in economy. Such an approach to the subsidization of agriculture will provide an increased reproduction without excessive expenses, will reduce the risk of overproduction due to excessive subsidies, and at the same time entities will have an incentive to increase the efficient use of assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the concept of Industrialization 4.0 is very popular. Many entrepreneurs and managers are thinking through their transformation strategies, which, in the face of transformational change, are necessary for the survival of organizations. An important issue in organizational change is the role of the transforming leader. What should it be like in order to make changes and achieve the goal? This article focuses on changing the approach to leadership, the qualities of a leader and how the leader of the future is seen by employees of SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. For this purpose, the author of the article has conducted a detailed study of the conceptual aspects of leadership in a period of change, as well as an empirical study that determines the importance of various factors in a complex model of a transformational manager. In the course of the study, the main skills and traits of leaders are clarified, which makes it possible to implement changes that correspond to the new conditions of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of this paper consists in analyzing economic and social aspects of demographic aging process in Moldova. To interpret the accumulated data and calculations performed analytical method of calculation tabular method and graphical method was applied. Intense process of aging is associated with changes in all spheres of social and economic life and affects equally the interests of older people and society as a whole. In Republic of Moldova aging population has grown in the last two decades, being conditioned both declining birth rate, which is very low and does not provide simple reproduction of the population and the mass migration of population that leads to the depopulation of the country. Maintaining the natural and migration increase with negative values amplifies the negative demographic deterioration of the country, which influences economic development, competitiveness and stability of the country and welfare of its citizens. In this situation it is necessary to respond positively to the challenges of demographic change through the complex and multisectoral approaches designed to correct current unfavorable demographic evolutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditions of vine cultivation and wine production have been formed in Moldova over centuries. According to folk traditions, wine is an integral part of any event organized by the locals. Wine tourism is a particularly significant sector for the country's economy. Although it only emerged at the end of the 20th century, it is growing in importance every year. To contribute to this area of scientific discourse, a study on consumers' perception of wine products and wine tourism in the Republic of Moldova was conducted. The main respondents who participated in the survey were citizens of the country, but respondents from Romania and Ukraine also participated. The results obtained indicate that wine products are consumed by the majority of the respondents participating in the survey and that wine tourism has continuity in its development and is of clear interest among citizens. The diversity of the tourist offers of the wineries and the recreational areas in which they are located are of course of particular importance when selecting a wine tour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Economy was stricken by COVID-19 virus in 2020, which influenced negatively the economic processes determining the decreasing of the global productivity of labour, the decreasing of the productivity of agricultural products and at the end the decreasing of the competitiveness of states all over the World. In this scientific research is analysed the impact of COVID-19 on competitiveness of agri-food products from the Republic of Moldova, the problems regarding the exports of agri-food products, the markets of agri-food products and are proposed measures to get out from the crisis situation determined by the COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the use of research in direct marketing is in a continuous dynamic as the traditional and non-traditional direct marketing have been developed in a convergent direction. Moreover, the integrated marketing communications have been developed, and service providers have taken a number of measures to be as close as possible to their clients. In this context, higher education institutions in the Republic of Moldova, as they stand on a market for developing educational services, where the major competitors are becoming more experienced and sophisticated, appear to create the necessary conditions that would allow to attract as many students as possible. Thus, the specialized higher education institution in the field of "Sports Sciences" is in a position to establish and authorize more attractive programs, capable of differentiating from similar ones from local academic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of competitiveness is very complex and there is no a unique notion regarding competitiveness. This notion is very discussed in both in the business environment and in the scientific environment. It is the foundation of the economic power of the enterprise, which need to be capable to identify the changes of the business environment, in order to adapt more quickly to the changes, thus elaborating the competitiveness strategy of the company. The producers of rabbit meat from the Republic of Moldova are facing many problems which negatively influence the competitiveness of the production of rabbit meat, which is considered a delicacy, becoming more and more popular, because it doesn't contain cholesterol, has a high digestibility and is rich in essential amino acids. The purpose of this scientific research is to analyse the competitiveness of rabbit meat produced in Republic of Moldova, to determine the strong and weak points the producers of rabbit meat are facing, to analyse the food safety of rabbit meat which is traded, to determine the main markets of rabbit meat and to propose solutions for increasing competitiveness of rabbit meat from the Republic of Moldova. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beside development of the economy as a whole, investments in government securities, as a financial instrument, contribute to the financing of the budget balance and the needs of the sectors of the national economy. For this reason, most countries of the world show increased interest in developing and increasing its attractiveness. This article proposes a synthesis of the evolution of the government securities market in the period of 2017-2020, its relations with the state budget, as well as an analysis of the level of attractiveness of government securities in relation to other investment opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide particularities of the IT sector in the Republic of Moldova. At the moment, the IT industry is quite an actual topic in the country, since it had and still has a very fast development and growth, being one of the most popular destinations for foreign investments. Therefore, the article contains a synthesys of statistical data concerning the investments made in the IT sector, the obtained results and applied innovations as effects of the investments made and describes the challenges that the national IT sector still faces and need to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an analysis of the prospects of stimulating capital market activity as a mechanism for attracting and redistributing investment capital in the Republic of Moldova. The research was based on a thorough analysis of international experience in capital markets improvement through expanding the investor base in developed and developing countries. Among other, the article identifies the main aspects of the impact of improving the legal framework on increased activity of both institutional and retail investors in the financial markets of the EU countries. The bellow study was carried out with the help of the following research methods: logical analysis of theoretical and practical materials, documentary method, analogy and grouping, quantitative and qualitative data method, synthesis method, comparative analysis; all these resulted in identifying features of investment activity of domestic investors and formulating recommendations on measures aimed at its stimulation, based on best international practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally tourism is considered an activity as important as the activity of the following branches: agriculture, industry, trade, etc. Rural tourism is a priority sector of tourism, which includes the development of rural activities and is designed to use local tourism resources (anthropological and natural resources), discovering the rural environment, cultural heritage, local traditions and accommodation structures. This paper presents the dynamic research and analysis of existing accommodation capacities of the collective tourist structures (boarding houses and agro guest houses). The authors focused on the analysis of the following directions: the allocation of financial resources from the state budget in order to implement tourism policies; the share of tourism contribution to GDP; the trend of tourist and excursionist arrivals; the participants in the domestic and foreign tourism; the evolution of indicators related to collective tourist accommodation establishments (boarding houses and agro guest houses), as well as of those indicating the net use of accommodation capacity and the forecast of possible changes until 2021.The authors studied the main ways of rural tourism promotion, which could facilitate the communication process with potential clients through modern information and persuasion methods and techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subsidies allocation represents an important source of financing the agricultural enterprises, being analyzed by the scientists from all over the World. The subsidy policy of the Republic of Moldova is different from the subsidy policy of the European Union, being determined by the following factors: the lack of the consistency of the subsidies policies from the Republic of Moldova and the insufficiency of the necessary financial resources in order to apply the policies like in the European Union. Strategically, at the state level, it doesn't exist a clear subsidy policy for a longer period of time, namely the subsidies measures are not very clear defined and are changing from year to year, which creates difficulties for agricultural producers to access subsidies. In this context this scientific research has the objective to analyze the subsidies effects on competitiveness of the agricultural enterprises, to analyze the subsidies allocated in Moldova compared to neighbor countries, to reveal the measures of subsidizing the agricultural enterprises and to find out if the enterprises can achieve higher competitiveness by subsidies allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to determine and analyze the impact of the exchange rate on trade in agri food products and finally, on the payments balance of the Republic of Moldova. In order to achieve the intended purpose there will be performed a correlation between the evolution of the balance of payments and the exchange rate, which is explained by the fact that when the volume of exports is higher than that of imports and, therefore the trade balance is positive or excesses the domestic one, there will be a larger supply of foreign currency on the market and the national currency will register a trend of its appreciation. Instead, the competitiveness of domestic products will reduce because they will become more expensive. In the research process there was used the method of induction, initially by general information about the exchange rate and balance of foreign payments, about its structure, and subsequently there was used the analysis of concrete data on trade in agri food products and the balance of payments as well as the dynamics of the national currency depreciation. Having applied the method of deduction it was concluded that under a deficient trade balance, when imports exceed exports, there will be an increase in the demand for foreign currency, the national currency will depreciate and domestic goods will be cheaper, which means more competitive. Statistical data and the calculations show a depreciation of the national currency in recent years, due to the superposition of three major events: the depreciation of national currencies from the region; the reduction of the currency supply as a result of a reduction of exports, remittances and foreign direct investments; the increase in demand for foreign currency as a result of the withdrawal of the capital from the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The competitiveness of Moldovan tomatoes can be evaluated by the analysis of the value chain, which represents all the necessary activities, which a product should pass, to bring it from the conceptual stage, to the final stage of use. In the Republic of Moldova, tomatoes represent a traditional vegetable crop produced for domestic consumption and exports. The most of Moldovan tomatoes reach the final consumer through several distribution channels: open air retail markets, supermarkets, fruits and vegetables small shops, export markets. In this scientific paper is analyzed the role of the tomatoes value chain in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises; the major constraints the enterprises are facing at different levels of the tomatoes value chain, and proposed measures of value chain improvement at the level of different activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to study and put into evidence the importance of the small and medium enterprises as the basic component of the entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Moldova. As a result of the investigated research topic, it can be noted that during the last 5 years, the number of small and medium enterprises was growing steadily, increasing from 43.7 thousand enterprises in 2009 to 50.9 thousand enterprises in 2013, the sector had a share about 97.4 percent of the total number of registered enterprises in the year 2013. The growing results were recorded in the last two years on revenue of the sales and obtained profit, and according to the types of activities the most of the requested enterprises are those in the wholesale and retail, sector rentals, real estate transactions and activities to provide services for enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The future of the rural world has been the subject of much research in Europe and a large number of reports have been written on this subject. For the European Union, which aims to support rural development, it is essential to precisely define what a rural area is and even distinguish several different types of rural area. Rural areas are facing major challenges today which arise mainly from globalization, demographic change and the rural migration of young, well-trained people. Policies for rural areas aim to contribute to recognizing and making use of strengths and opportunities. Innovations have a direct influence on the level of welfare and satisfaction of each rural citizen and whole society. EU policies concerning innovations are aimed at transforming the European Union into a leading economy based on knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an analysis of the level of development of the wine sector in agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Moldova during 2001-2011. It was analyzed the dynamic of fruit bearing surfaces of the vine, global production and the yield per 1 ha. There were determined the indicators of economic efficiency the grapes and the trend of modifying the wine sector's efficiency for the years 2013-2016 using analytical leveling process according to linear function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]