1. Typhoid fever causing haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a non-endemic country - first case report and review of the current literature.
- Author
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Sánchez-Moreno P, Olbrich P, Falcón-Neyra L, Lucena JM, Aznar J, and Neth O
- Subjects
- Abdominal Abscess diagnosis, Abdominal Pain etiology, Age Distribution, Appendicitis diagnosis, Asia epidemiology, Ceftriaxone therapeutic use, Child, Developed Countries, Diagnosis, Differential, Endemic Diseases, Fever etiology, Hepatomegaly etiology, Humans, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic diagnosis, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic drug therapy, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic epidemiology, Male, Methylprednisolone therapeutic use, Middle East epidemiology, Sex Distribution, Spain epidemiology, Splenomegaly etiology, Typhoid Fever diagnosis, Typhoid Fever drug therapy, Typhoid Fever epidemiology, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic etiology, Typhoid Fever complications
- Abstract
Introduction: Development of secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) in the context of typhoid fever (TF) is a very rare but serious complication., Methods: Description of the first pediatric case of typhoid fever acquired in a non-endemic area complicated by sHLH. A systematic literature review of sHLH in the context of TF was performed with extraction of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data., Results: The literature search revealed 17 articles (22 patients). Fifteen patients were eligible for data analysis (53.4% children). All patients had fever and pancytopenia. Transaminases and LDH were frequently elevated (46.6%). Salmonella typhi was detected mainly by blood culture (64.3%). All the patients received antibiotics whereas immunomodulation (dexamethasone) was used in two cases., Conclusions: A high suspicion index for this condition is needed even in non-endemic areas. The addition of immunmodulation to standard antimicrobial therapy should be considered in selected cases., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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