1. Genomic History of Neolithic to Bronze Age Anatolia, Northern Levant, and Southern Caucasus.
- Author
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Skourtanioti E, Erdal YS, Frangipane M, Balossi Restelli F, Yener KA, Pinnock F, Matthiae P, Özbal R, Schoop UD, Guliyev F, Akhundov T, Lyonnet B, Hammer EL, Nugent SE, Burri M, Neumann GU, Penske S, Ingman T, Akar M, Shafiq R, Palumbi G, Eisenmann S, D'Andrea M, Rohrlach AB, Warinner C, Jeong C, Stockhammer PW, Haak W, and Krause J
- Subjects
- Archaeology methods, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Ethnicity history, Gene Flow physiology, Genetic Variation genetics, Genetics, Population methods, Genome, Human genetics, Genomics methods, Haplotypes, History, Ancient, Human Migration history, Humans, Mediterranean Region, Middle East, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, Ancient analysis, Ethnicity genetics, Gene Flow genetics
- Abstract
Here, we report genome-wide data analyses from 110 ancient Near Eastern individuals spanning the Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, a period characterized by intense interregional interactions for the Near East. We find that 6
th millennium BCE populations of North/Central Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus shared mixed ancestry on a genetic cline that formed during the Neolithic between Western Anatolia and regions in today's Southern Caucasus/Zagros. During the Late Chalcolithic and/or the Early Bronze Age, more than half of the Northern Levantine gene pool was replaced, while in the rest of Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus, we document genetic continuity with only transient gene flow. Additionally, we reveal a genetically distinct individual within the Late Bronze Age Northern Levant. Overall, our study uncovers multiple scales of population dynamics through time, from extensive admixture during the Neolithic period to long-distance mobility within the globalized societies of the Late Bronze Age. VIDEO ABSTRACT., Competing Interests: Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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