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This article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. This exercise concluded that these movements effectively constituted groups of protests against authoritarianism as well as spaces for the defense of university autonomy and the promotion of a university that was more involved in social issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article analyzes the Mexican student movement of 1968 and, more specifically, the protestors' different assessments of the role of education in social transformation. Based on a historical and qualitative methodology, supported by primary and secondary sources as well as interviews of specialists, it locates the Mexican movement among the great struggles that Latin America experienced during the final quarter of the 20th century. In doing so, it identifies the features the movement shared with other great student uprisings in the región and characterizes the four main demands that it defended: protection of democratic freedoms, preservation of university autonomy, construction of university militancy, and greater popular participation in the movement. This strategy will make it possible to conclude that for many of the protestors, although never for all of them, education could indeed collaborate in the task of forming more just societies, either by contributing knowledge so as to eliminate ignorance, or by providing tools to end domination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legendary bandit Chucho el Roto was portrayed by renowned actor Manuel López Ochoa in a film series made and released in the wake of violent repression of Mexico's student movement. The four films provide enter-tainment with their charismatic leading man, melodrama, romance and comedy. Yet, the series also allegorizes and critiques Dirty War tactics employed in Mexico by portraying how the powerful abuse their authority to criminalize, imprison, torture and murder young idealists with an alternative vision for society. The popular figure of the bandit thus constituted a timely vehicle for critical reflection about political violence within a repressive climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historia is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this article is to show an historiographic balance based on the study of the publications about the Student Movement of 68 during the decade of 1998-2008. The main reason that guides almost all the analyzed texts is the October 2nd repression. However, at the bibliographical production some thematic elements linked with the movement analysis appear. Inside the interpretations about the topic it was possible to identify some consensus points, particularly emphasizing the causes of the Movement, the involved collective actors, and also the effectiveness of the forms of struggle. The most evident divergences are related with the projects and the impact of the mobilization in the political and social system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historiographic studies of the 1968 movement have almost always underestimated the role of photographs and concentrated on other kinds of oral and written documents. This article goes through a very special exercise, following the canonized coordinates of '68, but inverting the conventional parameters to give voice to the testimony of photographers and the editorial use of their images. This reading is very important for understanding the different angles from which the movement was recorded and the way in which a collective imaginary was constructed and gradually recycled until it distilled into a few icons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These pages delve into the student movement made up of the National Strike Council representatives; the one made up of brigade members and rank-and-file activists (activistas-masa); and the one made up of the society that supported it, with two brief interstices about relations between the student movement and the counterculture and the left. To counter forgetfulness and selective memory, the article traces other voices in an analysis crisscrossed by a sociology of memory and forgetfulness. It mingles reflections about mystification; vanguards; social movements; the people; the crowd; generations; and the contradictory, complementary, tense relationship between the instituting and the instituted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks into the importance of photography in the construction of myths and political and cultural "imaginaries" in twentieth century Mexican history. Also it describes the political contexts and the editorial strategies which are involved with the use of photography in different areas like recording, parciality and fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An abstract is presented for the article "Mexico 68, The Student Movement: Historiographic Interpretations 1998-2008," by Ahremi Cerón.