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This paper presents a new procedure for optimal allocation and optimal sizing of a battery energy storage system (BESS) for primary frequency support in an isolated power system. For the BESS allocation, a transmission bus system with larger frequency decline is recognized and the BESS sizing is performed by a constrained optimization strategy based on a new modified metaheuristic, called Developed Harris Hawks Optimization (DHHO). The simulation results of the suggested DHHO are compared with Bat Optimization Algorithm (BOA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) from the literature to show the method efficiency. The final results showed higher precision with lower required iterations for the suggested DHHO method. Also, the proposed DHHO gives lower investment costs for BESS with lower power and energy requirement toward the other compared methods. • A new procedure is proposed for optimal allocation and sizing of a BESS. • The procedure is based on primary frequency for an isolated power system in Mexico. • The BESS sizing is performed by a constrained optimization strategy. • Developed Harris Hawks Optimization (DHHO) is used for optimization. • The method is compared with some methods from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]