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The article focuses on the ways in which the metaphors and symbolism of the cross worked as practical functions of ideological penetration in the state of Colima, México. The author examines the conscious penetration of Christian ideology through the icon of the cross by the Catholic Church, in addition to the subconscious diffusion of that same ideology by believers who lived in the region. The sociological effects of the ideology -- feelings of security, safety and protection -- are analyzed with respect to the fatalistic religious belief system of the Mexican Catholic Church.

In this article the autor observes the difficulties for the study of the traditional poetry from Jalisco, in Western Mexico, due to the transformation of mariachi groups during the 20th Century. The paper focuses in the origins of this poetry in the Spanish 17th Century and the existing sources for the study of the traditional lyrics from Jalisco. Finally, some of the main characteristics of this poetry are emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]