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The third instar larvae of Chlaenobia rzedowskiana Aragón y Morón 2003 are described from 16 specimens that were reared in the laboratory from larvae captured in a sorghum field in the Jantetelco, Morelos, Mexico. The diagnostic characters were compared with those of Chlaenobia tumulosa. Resumen Se describe la larva de tercer instar de Chlaenobia rzedowskiana Aragón y Morón, 2003, de 16 ejemplares criados en un laboratorio a partir de larvas colectadas en sorgo en el municipio Jantetelco, Morelos, México. Los caracteres diagnósticos se comparan con Chlaenobia tumulosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of FACSalud is the property of Revista FACSalud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales is the property of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales del Centro Agropecuario Sena Buga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Cryptotis goodwini species group of small-eared shrews (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) includes at least 12 species discontinuously distributed in the cloud forests from southern Mexico to Honduras. Its taxonomy is still under study, with several species described only in the last decade. Previous genetic studies have highlighted that a population from El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico, previously assigned to C. goodwini , is evolutionarily divergent from the other known species. However, the available specimens from this region have not been examined rigorously. Herein, I use morphological and biogeographic analyses to evaluate the taxonomic status of this population. The results confirm that it is an independent lineage, which I describe here as a new species endemic to Mexico. Overall, this is the largest shrew within the C. goodwini group. Its morphological and genetic distinction is probably due to long-term geographic isolation in the mountains of El Triunfo. I present what is now the first and only record of C. goodwini (sensu stricto) for Mexico. Finally, I identify some priority regions to direct field surveys on the C. goodwini species group to better understand its richness and distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the years 2017 and 2018, leaves and stems with dark brown lesions containing hypophilic telia surrounded by chlorotic halos were collected from Sphaeralcea angustifolia plants located in Axapusco, State of Mexico. Based on the morphological characteristics, the fungus Puccinia sherardiana was identified. Uredinal stage was not detected during the observation period. Verification of the identity of the fungus was carried out by means of a phylogenetic analysis with part of a sequence of the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA. Pathogenicity tests were performed on S. angustifolia plants by inoculating teliospores. The inoculated plants developed symptoms and signs 15 days after inoculation, beginning with the presence of eruptive aecia in the epidermis of the host and later the formation of telia, completing Koch's Postulates. The fungus P. sherardiana was previously described as a rust with a microcyclic life cycle on species of the genera Alcea, Malvastrum, Sidalcea and Sphaeralcea, belonging to the Malvaceae family; however, in this study the pathogen behaved differently. P. sherardiana will continue to be studied to determine if its life cycle is demicyclic in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the genus Acanthocyclops is described from temporal freshwater bodies in the Sian Ka'an and Calakmul Biosphere Reserves in Southeast Mexico. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp. represents the third species of the genus described from the Neotropics, only after A. rebecae and A. smithae. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp., is recognized as a member of the A. vernalis-robustus species-complex, and its clear divergence with respect to its congeners was supported using comparative morphology and molecular methods. The mtCOI marker revealed a 0.54% K2P divergence within populations of A. fiersi n. sp. and 17.6-22.41% with respect to other members of the A. vernalis-robustus species-complex. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp. might be restricted to the Yucatán Peninsula. Comments about the likely underestimated regional diversity of Acanthocyclops and the need of further studies in the Neotropics are provided. An identification key to the species of Acanthocyclops distributed in Mexico is included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphondylia leucaenae Skuhravá sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described from Mexico. Galls occur in flower buttons deforming the fruits of Leucaena diversifolia and L. leucocephala galls (Fabaceae). The presence of these make it impossible to form fruits and cause the death of the branch. Male, female, larva, pupa, and gall are described, and the biology is commented. This new species is only the gall midge species known on Leucaena genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Holothuria (Lessonothuria) coronata sp. nov. occurs in depths of 5-10 m off the Mexican Pacific coast at the Revillagigedo Archipelago. It is clearly distinguished from other species of the subgenus by the presence of tables with a circular disc and big peripheral holes, sometimes with a second series of peripheral ones, a disc with a spiny or smooth rim and a spire crossed by a single cross-beam, dorsal papillae, and ventral tube feet with curved supporting rods with a spiny edge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Four new species of Piruna are described from Mexico, and notes on their morphology, distribution, phenology, biogeography and ecology are provided. Piruna uruapana sp. nov. is described from the Municipality of Uruapan, Michoacán, in the western Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Eje Neovolcánico). Piruna chinicuila sp. nov. is described from the Municipality of Chinicuila, Michoacán, in the central subprovince of the Sierra Madre del Sur. Piruna bailowitzi sp. nov. is described from the northern Sierra Madre Occidental and its associated Sky Islands in Sonora and Chihuahua. Piruna temascaltepeca sp. nov. is described from near the town of Temascaltepec de González, Municipality of Temascaltepec, State of México, in the central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Three of these new species appear to be restricted to fire-maintained grassy openings in montane pine-oak forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The North American skipper butterfly Polites rhesus (W. H. Edwards, 1878) is reviewed, and notes on its morphology, distribution, phenology, biogeography and ecology are provided. In addition, a new subspecies, Polites rhesus otomi A. Warren & Gott, ssp. nov., is described from high-elevation grasslands in the State of México, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cucumarids are a cosmopolitan group of sea cucumbers that inhabit rocky-sandy sediments, from the intertidal zone to the hadal zone. Objective: To present new records for the Mexican Pacific. Methods: We applied stereoscope and scanning electron microscopy to external and internal morphology of specimens in the collection of the National Autonomous University, Mexico. Results: We present a taxonomic synopsis of cucumarids in the Mexican Pacific and review their taxonomy on the ossicles. The taxonomic identity of Pseudocnus curatus, Pseudocnus dubiosus and Pseudocnus lubricus is confirmed, and the presence of Trachythyone peruana is ruled out. Conclusions: Four new records are presented for the Mexican Pacific: Leptopentacta nina, Pseudocnus curatus, Pseudocnus dubiosus and Pseudocnus lubricus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chamela bay is located in the central portion of the coast from the Jalisco state, Mexico and is an important protected natural area. Despite this, the study of echinoderms in the area is incipient. Objective: To provide an updated checklist, descriptions of the species and a taxonomic key of the ophiuroids from Chamela bay. Methods: We collected specimens from 1998 to 2018, and also analyzed information from the literature and specimens deposited at international scientific collections from Chamela bay. Results: 19 species of ophiuroids are reported for the study area, distributed in two orders, seven families, and 11 genera. Seven of these correspond to new records for the area, one to a new record for Jalisco state, and two possibly represent new species. The biodiversity of ophiuroids in Chamela bay represents 15.2 % of ophiuroid species from the Mexican Pacific and 73 % from Jalisco. The number of known echinoderms in Chamela bay is increased to 48 species. Conclusions: The most complete checklist of the class Ophiuroidea in Chamela bay, Jalisco, is presented. The information provided can be used for other areas of the eastern Pacific. Chamela bay is important in terms of species richness due to its environmental heterogeneity and numerous islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The genus Profundulus is considered a Mesoamerican endemic fish which spreading occurs, from the center-south of the state of Guerrero, Mexico, to the central part of Honduras. They mainly inhabit the upper basins and headwaters of the rivers of the Pacific slope, with less diversity in the Atlantic. Objective: This paper, based on morphological comparison we propose a new species, Profundulus chimalapensis sp. nov., confined to Mexico. Methods: Specimens were collected in the tributaries of the upper basin of the Coatzacoalcos River and were deposited in scientific collections. Morphological data (counts, measurements and skeletal features) were taken and compared with related species. Results: The new species differs from its congeners by having the following combination of characters: 12-15 dorsal-fin rays, 14-17 anal- and 13-16 pectoral-fin rays; dark colored stripe on the flanks; anal fin with a clear distal margin; anterior and posterior margin of the alveolar process of the premaxilla concave; pair of short and wide epiotic processes; and large anal fin base, equal to or greater than length of caudal peduncle. Conclusion: The description of this new Profundulus species from Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec suggests that this area has been a center of speciation for the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backyard crops of creole bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) and canavalia (Canavalia ensiformis L.) were monitored in the town of Cerro Gordo, municipality of Emiliano Zapata, State of Veracruz, from September 2015 to July 2016. Symptoms of hyperplasia were found in stems and pods, caused by a complex of borers from the Tortricidae family. The morphological identification of the adult specimens by characteristics of genitalia and chaetotaxy of the larvae, as well as molecular biology identification, showed that the specimens found in beans belong to two species, Cydia deshaisiana (Lucas) and Ecdytolopha fabivora (Meyrick). Those found in canavalia belonged to C. deshaisiana and Cydia pomonella (L.), being the first report of C. pomonella in C. ensiformis. The sequences were published in the GenBank, under accession codes KX357712 (E. fabivora) and MN972449 (C. deshaisiana), presenting a coincidence of 96% at genus level, due to the lack of sequences of this species in the data base. Sequence obtained from C. pomonella specimens were published with accession code MN972450, and presented a 92% similarity with the mentioned species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Dichopetala genus group was proposed recently after revision of the genus Dichopetala Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878. Currently, the group consists of eight genera and 44 species distributed from Southern United States to Southern Mexico. This generic arrangement was based solely on morphological evidence, and was accompanied by discussions on new erected genera, for which their monophyly was not tested. Objective: To assess the phylogenetic relationships among representative species of the eight genera of the Dichopetala group. Methods: We generated DNA sequences for one mitochondrial (Cytochrome oxidase I: COI) and two nuclear (28S, Histone III: H3) gene markers, and included species of other Phaneropterinae genera to test the monophyly of the ingroup; Bayesian and maximum likelihood evolutionary models were used. Results: The monophyly of the Dichopetala group and the monophyly of genera Dichopetala, Obolopteryx, Planipollex, Mactruchus and Rhabdocerca is supported. In addition, Acanthorintes and Pterodichopetala were recovered as paraphyletic. The mitochondrial markers also suggest that the widely distributed genera Rhabdocerca and Acanthorintes may actually contain various overlooked species. Conclusions: The first contribution on the Phylogeny of the Dichopetala group, and a more robust phylogenetic and morphological definition of some of the genera involved are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Content of the dipsadid genus Rhadinaea has changed considerably since Myers' 1974 revision. Three species groups are recognized currently in the genus. Our fieldwork in Oaxaca in June 2018 produced a single specimen of Rhadinaea considered to represent a new taxon. This new species is described from converted Premontane Wet Forest in the municipality of Santa Catarina Juquila in the Sierra Madre del Sur of southern Oaxaca, Mexico. It is most closely related to Rhadinaea laureata, from which it can be distinguished easily by color pattern and scutellation, and represents a species group distinct from the other three occupying the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Scapheremaeus dirzoius sp. nov. lives on the canopy of trees of Astrocaryum mexicanum Liebm. ex Mart (Arecaceae) and Guarea glabra Kunth (Meliaceae) in the tropical rainforest of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, it is similar to S. flamiferus Palacios-Vargas and Ríos, 1998, which lives on epiphytic Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) from Nicaragua. They differ in the cuticular ornamentation, and the notogastral and ventral chaetotaxy, the new species has only 9 pairs of dorsal setae and 2 pairs of adanal setae versus 10 and 3 pairs in the Nicaraguan species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abelia is a genus of the family Caprifoliaceae distributed in Asia and America. The five known American species are restricted to Mexico and integrate the section Vesalea. The morphology and anatomy between the Mexican species is compared, with reference to Abelia × grandiflora and to some other Asiatic ones. The representatives of section Vesalea are characterized by having strap-like nectariferous glands and obovate seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ucrimyzus villalobosi Mier Durante & Pérez Hidalgo gen. n., sp. n. (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) are described from apterous and alate viviparous females collected on species of genera Bidens, Schkuhria, Senecio and Stevia (Asteraceae: Asteroideae) in Costa Rica and Mexico. Principal components analysis (PCA) was done to verify that the studied aphids belong to a single species regardless of their geographical origin or host plant. Molecular analyses were carried out on the sequences of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene encoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and of a fragment of the nuclear gene encoding elongation factor 1α (EF1α). The taxonomic discussion takes into account the conclusions of the molecular analyses and the morphologic study compared with other genera of Macrosiphini. The identification keys by Blackman & Eastop (2006) to aphids living on each mentioned plant genus are modified to include the new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus of oak gallwasp, Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika gen. n., is described from Mexico. Diagnostic characters and generic limits of the new genus are discussed in detail. Galls were found on branches of Quercus acutifolia Née. Diagnostic characters, distribution and biology of the new species are described and illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of Lupinus genus (Leguminosae) present in agricultural and forest ecosystems of eastern central region of the Mexican state of Puebla, and to estimate seed protein concentration in species identified. Natural populations were located from 2600 to 4000 m above sea level in soils with neutral (7.1) to acid (4.7) pH, with high content of organic matter (> 7.8%) and low levels of exchangeable K+ (< 6 cmol + g-1 ). Natural populations of Lupinus showed a great morphological variability result of diversity of species in this genus present in the study area. Four species were identified based on their morphological characteristics and altitudinal range: L. campestris, located at altitudes of 2600 to 3052 m, along edges of corn and faba bean crops or natural vegetation areas in the presence of Juniperus deppeana, various species of pinus and Abies religiosa; L. exaltatus from 2778 to 2865 m in forests of p. montezumae; L. hintonii at 3080 m associated with Abies religiosa; and L. montanus, at altitudes above 3000 m associated with p. hartwegii, p. montezumae, p. rudis and Abies religiosa. High concentration of seed protein was observed within and between species. Among species, the average protein concentration ranged from 328 to 387 g kg-1 of dry matter (DM). Between the species, the concentration ranged from 317 g kg-1 (a population of L. exaltatus) to 481 g kg-1 DM (a population of L. campestris). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowing the dimensions of the vertebral elements is very important for the development of instrumentation related to the cervical spine. Ethnic variations have been reported in these dimensions and, to date, there have been no morphometric studies of this area performed on the Mexican population. We conducted a morphometric study of 150 cervical vertebrae (C3-C7) obtained from a northeastern Mexican population to determine the dimensions of the bodies, pedicles, laminae, spinous processes, and superior and inferior articular processes. We did not find significant differences (p<0.05) in measurements taken of the left and right sides. The dimensions of the vertebral bodies were larger at lower levels. The pedicles of the C3 vertebra were larger in all dimensions compared to the other vertebrae. The largest height of the laminae was observed at C7 and the largest transverse length was observed at C5. The dimensions of the bodies, spinous processes, and laminae increased from C3-C7, whereas the dimensions of the pedicles and superior and inferior articular process height decreased toward the lower cervical levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Dinoflagellates are a major taxonomic group in marine phytoplankton communities in terms of diversity and biomass. Some species are also important because they form blooms and/or produce toxins that may cause diverse problems. The composition of planktonic dinoflagellates of the orders Prorocentrales and Dinophysiales, in the Veracruz Reef System, were obtained during the period of October 2006 to January 2007. For this, samples were taken from the surface at 10 stations with net of 30µm mesh, and were analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy. Each species was described and illustrated, measured and their distribution and ecological data is also given. A total of nine species were found and identified, belonging to four genera: Dinophysis was represented by three species; Prorocentrum by three, Phalacroma by two, and only one species of Ornithocercus was detected. From the samples, four potentially toxin-producer species were found: Dinophysis caudata, D. rapa, Phalacroma rotundata and Prorocentrum micans. The number of species found in this study is low, especially considering the higher numbers observed in other areas of the Gulf of Mexico, where some reports have recorded up to 53 species of the order Dinophysiales and 14 for Prorocentrales. Identification keys for orders, genera and species for the study area are provided with this study. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (1): 501- 514. Epub 2011 March 01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A postflexion 18.5-mm Liopropoma larva, with entire dorsal fin filaments, was dip-netted at night at the surface in the Gulf of California (Mexico). The second and third dorsal spine filaments were both unusually elongate. The second spine was about ten times the body length, with twelve heavily pigmented swellings or vanes connected by a soft, flexible filamentous section that tends to coil, resembling the siphosome of a siphonophore. Morphometrics of the larva were similar to adult L. fasciatum, especially the head length, snout length, interorbital width, length of the caudal peduncle, and pelvic spine length. The depth of the caudal peduncle was similar to L. longilepis. The fresh specimen had orange chromatophores over most of the body. After preservation, melanophores were present only over the cranium, tip of the lower jaw, the eye, and in the elongated dorsal filaments. Other described Liopropoma larvae are compared and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-occipital and nucal scutellation patterns of 111 crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) from La Ventanilla, Oaxaca were analyzed. Thirty three different scutellation patterns were found. The most frequently observed pattern (31.5%) was 4 post-occipital scales present 2 external previous nucal scales absent, and 2 posterior nucal scales present (4-2EE-2). The pattern considered typical for this species was observed only in 6.31% of individuals. There were differences between the frequency distribution of common patterns when compared to other studies on C. acutus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third-instar larva of Phyllophaga (Phytalus) rufotestacea (Moser, 1918) is described and illustrated, based on specimens reared from eggs laid by captive adults collected in San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. Some data on the life cycle and habits are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three larval instars and pupa of Euphoria basalis (G. & P.) are described for the first time, with specimens collected and reared near San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. Drawings of diagnostic structures and data about the life cycle and habits of this species are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]