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The present study evaluated the effects of web-based training on Spanish pre-service and in-service teacher knowledge and implicit beliefs on learning to write. A sample of pre-service teachers and in-service teachers from Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador, Colombia, and Spain participated in the online course. Findings suggest that teachers may improve their knowledge of transcription skills (i.e., handwriting/typing, spelling), text production, and strategies for composing as necessary components of quality writing instruction. Effects were also found on the teachers' implicit beliefs. Finally, both pre-service and in-service teachers positively rated the online course received.

The Sierra Norte de Puebla is a region diverse in flora and fauna; however, rural communities suffer from a high degree of marginalization, a situation that makes natural resources susceptible to overexploitation. We aimed to analyze the relationship between the use of medium and large terrestrial wild mammals, depending on the socioeconomic level of the population, in two municipalities in the Sierra Norte de Puebla. 158 interviews were carried out with heads of families; their socioeconomic level (SEL) was calculated and their use of medium and large wild mammals assessed. To identify the relationship between socioeconomic level and use of mammals, a logistic regression analysis was performed. The families interviewed have a low socioeconomic level and 48.7% of them use medium or large wild mammals. Although SEL did not significantly influence the use of wild mammals, occupation was significantly associated with the use of these mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this study was to explore the nature and structure of implicit theories of Spanish-speaking in-service teachers on learning to read. The study sample consisted of 591 in-service teachers from various Ibero-American countries (Spain, Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, and Ecuador). The study analyzed attributional structure or teacher beliefs on learning to read based on principal component analysis. Findings revealed that many of the implicit theories on learning to read held by the teachers correspond to the historiography analysis and representational structure identified in previous studies. Based on main component analysis with varimax rotation, a factorial structure was found to be formed by the seven main factors related to the constructivist, nativist, maturationist, social, repetition, corrective, and psycho-linguistic learning theories. Also, significant differences were found in the learning theories of the teachers depending on geographical and cultural context. Spanish teachers were more likely to be associated with the psycho-linguistic and nativist theories. Mexican teachers were more closely associated with the constructivist theory, and both Guatemalan and Colombian teachers tended to be linked to the repetition-based theory. Finally, Ecuadorian teachers tended to rely on the nativist theory.

This paper studies local governments' decisions on public debt under the Financial Discipline Law for States and Municipalities (ldfem in Spanish) in Mexico. It implies distinguishing economic and political factors and their relevance within ldfem's legal framework that defines norms and limitations for Mexican subnational governments. Based on municipal data for 2017-2019, our results prove that political variables significantly impact municipal debt. This paper highlights the elections' proximity and the incumbent mayor's electoral support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Guamara and cocuixtle fruits are underutilized and the need arises to use them because they can favor the production of hydrolyzates, in addition to the fact that white shrimp is the crustacean that is produced in the greatest quantity in Mexico, of which approximately 50% of the total weight of shrimp is wasted. The objective of this research was to determine the optimum conditions for obtaining protein hydrolyzates from cooked shrimp waste, since it has been mentioned that cooking the shells improves their digestibility. This study is of vital importance for the utilization of resources, in addition to opening the possibility of using a new drug with antioxidant capacity or, failing that, to be used as a food additive to produce functional foods. Since the fruits of Bromelia pinguin and Bromelia karatas are rich in proteases, the aim of this research was to optimize the hydrolysis process of cooked white shrimp by-products due to the effect of these proteases. A robust Taguchi L16' design was used to optimize the hydrolysis process. Similarly, the amino acid profile by GC-MS and antioxidant capacity (ABTS and FRAP) were determined. The optimal conditions for hydrolysis of cooked shrimp by-products were pH 8.0, 30 °C, 0.5 h, 1 g of substrate and 100 µg/mL of B. karatas, pH 7.5, 40 °C, 0.5 h, 0.5 g substrate and 100 µg/mL enzyme extract from B. pinguin and pH 7.0, 37 °C, 1 h, 1.5 g substrate and 100 µg/mL enzyme bromelain. The optimized hydrolyzates of B. karatas B. pinguin and bromelain had 8 essential amino acids in their composition. The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of the hydrolyzates under optimal conditions showed more than 80% inhibition of in ABTS radical, B. karatas hydrolyzates had better higher ferric ion reduction capacity with 10.09 ± 0.02 mM TE/mL. Finally, the use of proteolytic extracts from B. pinguin and B. karatas to optimize hydrolysis process allowed obtaining hydrolyzates of cooked shrimp by-products with potential antioxidant capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Venetoclax combinations are a new standard for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these combinations in a period of accelerated approval in Latin-America. Methods: This observational study evaluated adults with acute myeloid leukemia who received venetoclax-based therapy in 11 public or private centers in Mexico and Peru for both newly diagnosed or relapsed and refractory AML. Results: Fifty patients were included; 28 with newly diagnosed (ND) AML and 22 with relapsed/refractory (RR) disease. ND patients were older (64 vs. 40 years; p < 0.001) with a lower functional capacity (ECOG ≥2 64.3% vs 9%; p < 0.001). Venetoclax was frequently combined with azacytidine (60%) and prophylactic azoles (82%) with a median maximum dose of 200 mg (range, 100–600 mg). Hematologic toxicities were common. Complete response rates including patients with incomplete hematopoietic recovery were 78.6% in ND and 45.5% in RR patients, with a median overall survival of 9.6 (95% CI 3.7–15.5) and 8 months (95% CI 4.8–11.2). Discussion: Our study showed a preferred use of venetoclax plus azacytidine over cyatrabine. Patients in the first-line setting were similar to those in the landmark studies, while most patients with relapsed disease had received prior intensive therapies. Responses were favorable, with a median survival in agreement to other reports, albeit shorter than that observed in the randomized phase-3 trials. Conclusion: Venetoclax-based therapy in AML was effective despite dose reductions and prophylactic antifungals in two middle-income countries outside of a clinical trial setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The different models that predict the distribution of species are a useful tool for the evaluation and monitoring of forest resources as they facilitate the planning of their management in a changing climate environment. Recently, a significant number of algorithms have been proposed for this purpose, making it difficult to select the most appropriate to use. The evaluation of performance and predictive stability of these models can elucidate this problem. Distribution data of 17 pine species with high economic importance for Mexico were collected and distribution models were carried out. We carried out a pre-modeling design to select the prediction variables (climatic, edaphic and topographic), after which nine algorithms and an ensemble model were contrasted against one another. The true skill statistic (TSS) and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the models, and the coefficient of variation of the predictions was used to evaluate their stability. The number of predictive variables in the final models fluctuated from 6 to 12; the mean diurnal range and the maximum temperature of warmest month were included in the models for most species. Random forests, the ensemble model, generalized additive models and MaxEnt were the ones that best described the distribution of the species (AUC> 0.92 and TSS> 0.72); the opposite was found in Bioclim and Domain (AUC<0.75 and <0.82; and TSS<0.5 and <0.55). Support vector machine, Mahalanobis distance, generalized linear models and boosted regression trees obtained intermediate settings. The coefficient of variation indicated that Bioclim, Domain and Support vector machine have low predictive stability (CV>0.055); on the contrary, Maxent and the ensemble model attained high predictive stability (CV<0.015). The ensemble model obtained greater performance and predictive stability in the predictions of the distribution of the 17 species of pines. The differences found in performance and predictive stability of the algorithms suggest that the ensemble model has the potential to model the distribution of tree species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The path to sustainable small-scale fisheries (SSF) is based on multiple learning processes that must transcend generational changes. To understand young leaders from communities with sustainable SSF management practices in Mexico, we used in-depth interviews to identify their shared motivations and perceptions for accepting their fishing heritage. These possible future decision-makers act as agents of change due to their organizational and technological abilities. However, young people are currently at a crossroads. Many inherited a passion for the sea and want to improve and diversify the fishing sector, yet young leaders do not want to accept a legacy of complicated socioenvironmental conditions that can limit their futures. These future leaders are especially concerned by the uncertainty caused by climate change. If fishing and generational change are not valued in planning processes, the continuity of fisheries, the success of conservation actions, and the lifestyles of young fishers will remain uncertain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the economic impact of sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) and the sorghum crop profitability in Western Puebla, Mexico, considering the management practices application-index (IAPM), related to the control practices suggested by the State Plant Health Committee (CESAVEG). Design/Methodology/Approach: Data on socioeconomic aspects of the producer and the production units were collected. The questionnaire was applied to producers affiliated to PROAGRO. Results are shown using descriptive statistics. Results: The aphid infestation in sorghum had its most relevant effect on yield during 2014-2016. Income obtained from sorghum sales is decreasing due to a downward trend in the purchase price per ton. After the arrival of M. sacchari, the primary control strategy was to increase the number of insecticide applications, increasing production costs. Limitations of the study/implications: Since producers' incomes do not depend solely on sorghum production, the effect of the pest on their economy was relatively minor. Findings/Conclusions: The management practices application index indicates a moderate use of the recommended practices to manage this pest. The B/C ratio suggests that even after the establishment of M. sacchari, sorghum is still a profitable activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To estimate the water erosion rate in the La Ciénega Microbasin in Malinaltepec, Guerrero, Mexico, and to evaluate control options. Design/methodology/approach: Potential erosion rate, actual erosion rate, and erosion control were estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) under three conservation practices: contour plowing, successive land terracing, and live terracing with vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty). Results: High erosion potential is shown by 99.18% of the microbasin surface area. Due to vegetation, only 41% of the surface area demonstrates high or very high actual erosion, 53.6% light, and 4.6% moderate. A living barrier using vetiver is the only conservation practice, of those assessed, that effectively diminished erosion. Study limitations/implications: The lack of accurate data on rain-induced erosion was a limiting factor in this study. Findings/conclusions: The La Ciénega Microbasin has a high risk of erosion and current erosion is a problem on agricultural land. The most effective option is living barriers using vetiver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Gerenciales is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Textual is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To aid secondary students with deficits in reading comprehension, it is necessary to identify performance in basic cognitive processes. The influence of these processes is not seen in the same manner in all individuals and does not reflect the same problem. For this reason, a comparative study was carried out with 89 students divided into groups by reading performance: readers with difficulties and normal readers. To determine performance in reading comprehension, Basic Intelligent Reading software was used, and to evaluate basic cognitive processes, Sicole-R software. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups, and the variable that best predicted performance in reading comprehension was syntactic processing. The group with reading difficulties was shown to be heterogeneous, with strengths as well as deficits to be considered when developing supportive educational programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexican agriculturists have recently noticed strong increases of mite infestations in papaya (Carica papaya L. 1753) orchards. A list of mite species associated with papaya leaves was constructed to determine the species responsible for high infestations and to identify predaceous mites as potential biological control agents. Mites were collected from three foliage strata (high, middle and low), in seven municipalities of central Veracruz State. Leaves were processed by washing and sieving. Identified species included four tetranychids: Eotetranychus lewisi (McGregor 1943), Eutetranychus banksi (McGregor 1914), Tetranychus merganser Boudreaux 1954, and Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836; as well as three phytoseiids: Euseius hibisci (Chant 1959), Galendromus helveolus (Chant 1959) and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks 1905), with the first two species being the most abundant. The vagrant eriophyid Calacarus citrifolii Keifer 1955 was collected in three municipalities, in the low stratum. Neither the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks 1904), nor the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval 1867), were collected, although these species were previously recorded from this area. None of the Phytoseiid species found can be considered a recently established species; their potential as biological control agents is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Populations of hammerhead sharks ( Sphyrna and Eusphyra) have declined in many regions of the world. Six of the eight hammerheads known to date are distributed in the Mexican Pacific: S. corona, S. lewini, S. media, S. mokarran, S. tiburo and S. zygaena. These species, with exception of S. corona, were abundant in the Gulf of California in 1960s. I analyze records from fishery-dependent and fishery-independent surveys, and records from ichthyological collections to determine the presence and frequency of hammerheads in the Mexican Pacific. The most frequent hammerheads in fishery-dependent and fishery-independent surveys were S. lewini and S. zygaena. It appears that S. media, S. mokarran and S. tiburo might have been extirpated from the Gulf of California. In the last two decades, records of S. mokarran (n = 61) were restricted to Central and Southern Mexican Pacific, and records of S. tiburo (n = 3) and S. media (n = 3) were restricted to the Southern region. Given the continued fishing pressure, inferred declines and the probable extirpation of populations, S. tiburo and S. media should be reassessed for the IUCN red list as Endangered or Critically Endangered. Sphyrna corona should be reassessed as Endangered or Critically Endangered, because it is endemic to the Eastern Pacific and recent records have been obtained only from Colombian waters. The Endangered status of S. mokarran is confirmed for this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Southern Chiapas focus of onchocerciasis in Southern Mexico represents one of the major onchocerciasis foci in Latin America. All 559 endemic communities of this focus have undergone semi-annual mass treatment with ivermectin since 1998. In 50 communities of this focus, ivermectin frequency shifted from twice to four times a year in 2003; an additional 113 communities were added to the quarterly treatment regimen in 2009 to achieve a rapid suppression of transmission. Methodology/Principal findings: In-depth epidemiologic and entomologic assessments were performed in six sentinel communities (which had undergone 2 rounds of ivermectin treatment per year) and three extra-sentinel communities (which had undergone 4 rounds of ivermectin treatment per year). None of the 67,924 Simulium ochraceum s.l. collected from this focus during the dry season of 2011 were found to contain parasite DNA when tested by polymerase chain reaction-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA), resulting in an upper bound of the 95% confidence interval (95%-ULCI) of the infective rate in the vectors of 0.06/2,000 flies examined. Serological assays testing for Onchocerca volvulus exposure conducted on 4,230 children 5 years of age and under (of a total population of 10,280 in this age group) revealed that 2/4,230 individuals were exposed to O. volvulus (0.05%; one sided 95% confidence interval = 0.08%). Conclusions/Significance: The in-depth epidemiological and entomological findings from the Southern Chiapas focus meet the criteria for interruption of transmission developed by the international community. Author Summary: The absence of infective larvae of Onchocerca volvulus in the black fly vector of this parasite and reduction of exposure to and new infections with O. volvulus are the criteria currently used to certify focal interruption of parasite transmission. In the present study, we report entomological and epidemiological assessments in the Southern Chiapas focus of Mexico that together indicates that transmission of O. volvulus has been interrupted in this focus. None of the Simulium ochraceum s.l. vector black flies collected from sentinel and extra-sentinel communities in this focus during the 2011 transmission season was found to contain parasite DNA when tested by PCR-ELISA, suggesting vector parasite contact was nearly nonexistent. In addition, there was a minimal exposure to the parasite in children 5 years of age and under, as measured by circulating antibody to a parasite-specific antigen. The Southern Chiapas focus was the major focus in Mexico and one of the largest in Latin America, with well-documented history of active transmission prior to the commencement of Mectizan mass distribution. This study demonstrates the interruption of transmission in geographically large focus in Latin America with a historically high intensity of transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetranychus merganser is a mite species that causes greater economic damage in the papaya (Carica papaya) production area in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Therefore, it was necessary to study their biology in order to make better decisions in their management. We obtained a colony of mites from a female collected in the municipality of Manlio F. Altamirano, and expanded their population on bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris) under greenhouse conditions. The objective was to evaluate the influence of temperature on the population parameters of this species and the duration of their developmental stages. For this purpose, we established cohorts starting with eggs, and exposed them to the following conditions: constant temperatures (19, 23, 27, 31, 33 and 35 °C); 60±2 % relative humidity, photoperiod of 14:10 h light:dark, and fed with papaya leaf discs. The duration of the life cycle of T. merganser decreased from 52.3 to 12.9 d with the increase of temperature. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 37.40, 62.38, 43.98, 10.47 and 2.32 for 19, 23, 27, 31 and 33 °C; at 35 °C, the cohort was not viable. The intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) was 0.08, 0.19, 0.21, 0.18 and 0.12 at the temperatures recorded. Optimal development occurred between 23 and 27 C. Although papaya is not its best host compared to more favorable population parameters obtained by other authors in beans, T. merganser can behave like a pest in papaya under the environmental conditions prevailing in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Latin America, there are 13 geographically isolated endemic foci distributed among Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Ecuador. The communities of the three endemic foci found within Mexico have been receiving ivermectin treatment since 1989. In this study, we predicted the trend of occurrence of cases in Mexico by applying time series analysis to monthly onchocerciasis data reported by the Mexican Secretariat of Health between 1988 and 2011 using the software R. Results: A total of 15,584 cases were reported in Mexico from 1988 to 2011. The data of onchocerciasis cases are mainly from the main endemic foci of Chiapas and Oaxaca. The last case in Oaxaca was reported in 1998, but new cases were reported in the Chiapas foci up to 2011. Time series analysis performed for the foci in Mexico showed a decreasing trend of the disease over time. The best-fitted models with the smallest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models, which were used to predict the tendency of onchocerciasis cases for two years ahead. According to the ARIMA models predictions, the cases in very low number (below 1) are expected for the disease between 2012 and 2013 in Chiapas, the last endemic region in Mexico. Conclusion: The endemic regions of Mexico evolved from high onchocerciasis-endemic states to the interruption of transmission due to the strategies followed by the MSH, based on treatment with ivermectin. The extremely low level of expected cases as predicted by ARIMA models for the next two years suggest that the onchocerciasis is being eliminated in Mexico. To our knowledge, it is the first study utilizing time series for predicting case dynamics of onchocerciasis, which could be used as a benchmark during monitoring and post-treatment surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Psychology & Education / Revista de Psicología y Educación is the property of Revista de Psicologia de Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: A bibliometric review of the journal Acta Ortopédica Mexicana was performed. Material and methods: All the manuscripts received during 2008 and 2009 were analyzed to determine the rejection rate, the number of manuscripts returned for corrections, the stage of the arbitration process they were in, the number and type of manuscripts published, the number of articles received from abroad, the topics published, the number of consultations per country and the number of visits and articles consulted in their full version (PDFs). Results: We include 6 tables and one chart. Major results show that 193 manuscripts were received, which resulted in 178 articles produced with 118 images, and 15 were rejected. The articles were published in 12 issues (2 volumes), which represented 73 original papers, 37 clinical case reports, and the rest were various types of studies. We received papers from 5 countries, with Spain as the one that published the most (5). The most frequently published topics were those concerning the spine, musculoskeletal tumors, and the foot and ankle. We received 284,117 visits from 123 countries in the electronic version and overall the mean number of daily visits was around 1,000. Comment: The main problem of our journal is that our international citation index is very low, since the impact factor is 0.07. Another weakness is that the papers sent for arbitration remain for a long time with our reviewers and this delays their publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which estimates the reproductive parameters required for the assessment of commercially exploited grey smoothhound Mustelus californicus and the sicklefin smoothhound Mustelus lunulatus in the northern part of Gulf of California. The result of the study show that the female species reproduced annually with approximate gestation of 11 months. Also, a linear relationship between the maternal total length and litter size is estimated for both species.

Didymodon berthoanus Thér., a rare species endemic to Chile, is transferred to the genus Bryoerythrophyllum P.C.Chen as B. berthoanus (Thér.) comb. nov. Bryoerythrophyllum sharpii R.H.Zander is newly recorded for South America based on fruiting material collected in Ecuador and Peru. Previously, this species was known only from Mexico. Both species are described and illustrated, and compared with other species of Bryoerythrophyllum of the area. The current range worldwide of the two taxa is mapped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El pulgón Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hemiptera: Aphididae) es una plaga importante de la papaya, Carica papaya L. en México debido a su papel como vector del Virus de la Mancha Anular del Papayo (PRSV-p). El monitoreo de poblaciones de pulgones se realiza en campo con trampas pegajosas amarillas, sin embargo se desconoce el color de preferencia de A. nerii. Por lo que se evaluó bajo condiciones de laboratorio, el tiempo de arribo y la permanencia de adultos alados a la combinación de dos colores (amarillo, rojo, blanco, o verde) dispuestos de manera contínua o alterna. Aphis nerii arribó en menor tiempo a colores claros cuando éstos fueron mostrados de forma continua, excepto en la combinación rojoverde, donde arribó más rápido al rojo. El arribo a colores claros también se mantuvo cuando fueron mostrados de manera alterna, aunque sin diferencias significativas. No se observaron diferencias en cuanto tiempo de permanencia en algún color en particular, aparentemente la preferencia es por colores claros. Cuando se contrastan amarillo-blanco y rojo-blanco, A. nerii reposa por mayor tiempo en blanco. En el campo se sugiere emplear trampas de color claro para el monitoreo de A. nerii. The sweet pepper aphid or oleander aphid, Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of papaya ( Carica papaya L.) in Mexico, because is a vector of Papaya Ringspot virus-P (PRSV-p). Yellow sticky traps are used to monitor adults, but color preferences by A. nerii still unknown. Here, we evaluated the arrival, and permanence time for alate aphids to four colors (yellow, red, white, or green) arranged by pair, in continuous or alternate pattern. Aphis nerii arrived quickly to lighter colors when they were presented continuously, except in the red-green combination, arriving faster to red. Arrival time response to light color was maintained when shown alternately. No differences were found on the permanence time in any particular color, but apparently A. nerii chooses light colors. When yellow-white, and red-white colors were constrasted, A. nerii rests longer on white than yellow or red. Under field conditions light color traps are suggested for monitoring A. nerii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High populations of the spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) may reduce yields on sugar cane. This research was aimed to quantify the effect of biotic, abiotic and agronomic factors on adult populations of the spittlebugs. Data collected was related to the number of adults captured in traps, previous-year infestation level of the sampling plot, nymph counts, weed coverage within and on the border of the plots, sampling time, insecticide and entomopathogen applications, precipitation and temperature. Fifteen plots were sampled from July 2 to October 15, 2014 in Veracruz, Mexico. The data was analyzed as a linear mixed model. Most of the captured adults (98%) were Aeneolamia contigua (Walker, 1851). The analysis showed the following significant effects: a positive relationship between adult populations and spittlebug nymphs and previous-year infestation, and a direct relationship between within-plot weed coverage and spittlebug adult populations. Weed coverage on the borders showed fluctuating effects and had not significant effect on adult populations. Temperature had a positive, significant effect as well, but precipitation and sampling time did not affect adult populations. Results are discussed as related to preventive spittlebug management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) has been adopted in Mexico as an environmental planning instrument attending coastal-sea issues and guiding the activities carried out on those realms. However, its application is still a challenge for the government, who has requested scientists to actively participate in developing proposals in order to promote effective implementation of the MSP trough operative plans: the Marine Spatial Planning Programs (MSPP). In this article we reviewed the academic inputs to the MSPP construction and the prevailed challenges to achieve an effective MSP implementation. We pointed out that Mexico is a country with many lessons learned but more to learn. Future research agendas should transcended to the next level of discussion, where the articulation of actions will be prioritized looking to: 1) harmonize the MSP with other coastal-sea management instruments, 2) promote and develop an adaptive management agenda through monitoring and evaluation indicators, 3) improve and develop socially inclusive planning tools, and 4) to encourage the development of skills at all levels of decisions on the integrated management of coastland marine areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six parasitoid species from three families of Hymenoptera were identified attacking whiteflies and armored scales on orange crops in the Chontalpa region of Tabasco, Mexico. These were: Arrhenophagus chionaspidis (Auvr.), Encarsia citrina (Craw), E. haitiensis Dozier, E. perplexa (Huang & Polaszek), Eretmocerus sp. and Signiphora sp., all of which are new records for the region and the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]