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Objective. To determine under-5 children's state of health, well-being, Early Childhood Development (ECD) and its association with mother age. Materials and methods. Using the National Survey of Girls, Boys and Women (ENIM, in Spanish) 2015, we compared sociodemographic characteristics and indicators of well-being, child development, nutrition, health, and child protection by age of the mother. We adjusted a logistic regression model to know the characteristics associated with an appropriate early child development. Results. The children of adolescent mothers are less likely to have an adequate ECD. Children with support for learning are about three times more likely to develop properly, while being a boy or having a mother with depressive symptomatology reduces this likelihood. Conclusions. It is important to design public policies based on modifiable conditions focused on support for learning, prevention and care of depressive symptoms to reduce development risks and increase care for the children of mothers in disadvantaged conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze the adolescent motherhood trend and associated factors in under-100 000-inhabitants communities. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional analysis of 16 686 women in under-100 000-inhabitants communities in Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2006, 2012 and 100k 2018. We adjusted robust Poisson models with adolescent motherhood as dependent variable for women aged 12-19 and 20-24. Results. Attending school and using modern contraceptives decrease adolescent motherhood prevalence in both age groups. Among adolescent girls, having a health financing scheme, and early sexual debut in the case of adults, is positively associated with adolescent motherhood. Conclusions. It is necessary to strengthen public policies seeking to modify structural factors that provide life choices, and to maintain and strengthen the actions and coverage proposed by Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención del Embarazo en Adolescentes (ENAPEA) targeting this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To determine the association between teenage pregnancy and socioeconomic factors and to estimate social inequalities among adolescents in Mexico in 2015. Methods. A study involving women from 15 to 19 years of age was conducted using data from birth records for 2015. The fertility rate was determined and disaggregated by quintiles for each socioeconomic variable. Absolute and relative measures of inequality were estimated; negative binomial regression analysis was used to obtain risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results. The fertility rate was 73.21 births per 1000 women between the ages of 15 and 19 years in Mexico. Coahuila was the state with the highest birth rate (99.3 per 1000 adolescents). A statistically significant association was found between fertility rate and the gap in access to health services, especially in quintile 5 (risk ratio [RR] = 45.68), whereas a greater association with the gap in education was found in quintile 4 (RR = 27.36). No significant differences were found in terms of the gap in access to social security. Conclusions. Marginalization and poverty are significantly associated with teenage pregnancy and fertility rate. However, wide inequalities exist among the different social groups, making it necessary to implement actions geared towards promoting measures to improve the social, political, and economic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To study the prevalence of, severity of, and risk factors for depressive symptoms in a probabilistic sample of Mexican adolescent mothers. Methods. A sample of adolescents aged 13-19 years, drawn from a national survey, was interviewed in relation to severity of depressive symptoms [Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) 16-23 and CES-D = 24] and pregnancy or parenting status. Results. Depressive symptoms (CES-D 16-23) ranged from 2.3% in the first postpartum semester to 32.5% in the second trimester of pregnancy; high depressive symptoms (CES-D = 24) ranged from 3.0% in the second postpartum semester to 24.7% in mothers of an infant more than 1 year old. Significant differences between groups were in mothers in the second gestation trimester, who had significantly more symptoms than those who had never been pregnant and those in the first postpartum semester. In those with high symptomatology, no significant differences were observed between groups. A multinomial logistic regression model used to estimate the likelihood of depression found increased risk of depressive symptoms (CES-D 16-23) in those without a partner in the first, second, or third trimester of pregnancy; in the second postpartum semester; and with a child over the age of 1 year. Increased risk of high symptomatology (CES-D = 24) was found in those not in school or with a child over the age of 1 year. Conclusions. Depressive symptoms entail an enormous burden of disease for the mother and mental health risks to the infant; mothers should therefore be targeted in prevention and intervention actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Puerperal care and feeding of the newborn are guided by entrenched cultural meanings between women, so it is important to know and identify how they are acquired and perpetuated. Regarding this knowledge, the social representations that Mexican pregnant teenagers have about puerperium, lactation and newborn care were studied., Methods: An interpretative study was made based on principles of the theory of social representations. Interviews were conducted to obtain information from 30 Mexican adolescents who attended prenatal care at the gynecological obstetrics area in a second-level hospital during 2015. Classical content analysis strategies were applied to analyze the information; this process consisted of coding and categorizing information. A conceptual map was also developed to describe the social representations found., Results: In this study, 190 codes and three social representations were identified: "breastfeeding is a practice based on myths", "newborns are fragile" and "mother and child must be synchronized"., Conclusions: Three social representations were identified that explain the practices of adolescents towards breastfeeding and the care of them and their children, which were acquired through family communication and strengthened by the need for support due to the temporary or permanent absence of the couple, personal crises motivated by bodily changes, fear of new modifications due to breastfeeding and ignorance about how carry out breastfeeding and care during the puerperium., (Copyright: © 2018 Permanyer.)