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This paper describes the experience in a public pediatric hospital when implementing the Mexican Health Ministry's recommendations on the inclusion and importance of a chosen caregiver during the hospitalization of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pediatric patient. The implementation includes the adjustments, observations, and limitations made in real practice and process. In conclusion, the value and benefits of the accompaniment of hospitalized children with COVID-19 by a primary or chosen caregiver are evidenced and supported by family-centered care. Furthermore, the recommendations mentioned result in comprehensive bio-psycho-social care for the benefit of pediatric patients.

In the context of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, one of the great challenges is to generate effective strategies for the control of nosocomial infections, specifically in psychiatric hospitals with populations considered at risk (older adults or individuals with comorbidities). This article describes the strategies for prevention, containment and treatment of infection transmission implemented during a COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in July 2020 in a psychiatric hospital of the State of Mexico. The population was comprised by women with prolonged hospital stay (mean = 24 years), mostly geriatric (mean = 64 years), with various psychiatric disorders and comorbidities. In total, 19 COVID-19-positive cases were diagnosed, out of which thirteen had mild symptoms and six were asymptomatic. There were no alterations in mental state, psychiatric symptoms or underlying diseases. Algorithms were developed for the management and treatment of suspected/confirmed COVID-19 cases. Finally, the generation of comprehensive strategies, quick and timely actions, as well as adequate management of human resources favoring interdisciplinary work, were deemed to have contributed to contain and mitigate the COVID-19 outbreak, which constitutes a precedent in the psychiatric field with institutionalized patients., (Copyright: © 2021 Permanyer.)

Introduction: Empathy is the ability of an individual to understand it from another cognitive and emotional point of view. Empathy is a complex that represents a retouch in its evaluation, so, it is necessary to have instruments validated in the Mexican population., Objective: Validation of the Comic Strip Test to evaluate empathy., Method: Sampling for convenience, based on internal consistency, convergent validity with the Empathy coefficient, construct validity in the factorial analysis, and the ability to discriminate between subjects with lack of empathy (psychopathology) and the control subjects through a curve ROC., Results: The comic strips test was evaluated in 86 controls, 19 patients with schizophrenia (Cronbach's alpha = 0.894). The correlation with the empathy coefficient was 0.88, with sensitivity of 81.3% and specificity of 38%., Conclusions: The Comic Strip Test was validated with parametric psychometric parameters., (Copyright: © 2019 SecretarÍa de Salud.)

Objective: To evaluate the association between psychological distress and menstrual bleeding perception, in order to design a psychological intervention for women in reproductive age., Material and Methods: Ex post facto and retrospective study in a random sample of women living in Mexico City with ages between 15 to 35 years. The following instruments were administered after reading the informed consent form: demographic and social questionnaire, gyneco-obstetric clinical history, menstrual bleeding diagnostic scale, menstrual bleeding analogical scale and the Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire., Results: 909 women were interviewed and 776 completed the study. A significant statistic association existed between the presence of menorrhagia and the symptoms of psychological distress., Conclusions: Our results suggest a temporary interaction between physiological and psychological symptoms that produce an intense sense of distress in the women.

Objective: To establish a description of the psychiatric population of the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología (INPer), as well as of the exposed newborns to psychopharmacological treatment during the gestation., Material and Method: One hundred forty-six women were gathered, by means of serial files; 85 of them had an obstetric episode of high risk and 61 were assisted in the institution due to gynecological alterations. A clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist carried out, each one, an interview and the clinical history of all the women. Once the type diagnosis was determined (DSM-IV), they received psicotherapeutical, pharmacological or mixed treatment, until the resolution of the obstetric episode and the gathering of the neonatal data., Results: The findings reported that the prevalence or mental disorders (DSM-IV) that are not adaptive at the INPer is 1.8%. The diagnostic distribution of the psychiatric population ranked in first place the affective disorders (63.7%), particularly major depression disorder (42.5%). These percentages correspond at the institutional total population's 1.19 and 0.79. As for the treatment type, 57 women received psychotherapy, 75 received psychopharmacological treatment and 14 received both treatments. The newborn babies of obstetric patients who received psychopharmacological treatment did not show differences in Apgar, weight, size, complications or obstetric resolution in comparison with patients who received psychotherapy and again with respect to institutional media., Discussion: The prevalence found in the Institution is significantly inferior to that reported at a national and global level, due to the use of two diagnostic interviews by mental health specialists. The wrong use of the sieve is one of the reasons for overdiagnosis in mental health.

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of maternal depressive symptomatology on fat deposition in a group of pregnant adolescents., Methods: A case-control study was performed with 85 pregnant women (45 adolescents and 40 adults) who attended a prenatal care course at a teaching hospital in Mexico City. During the second and third trimesters of gestation, a test proposed by Zung was applied to measure depressive symptoms. Weight and skinfolds (i.e., triceps, biceps, suprailiac, subscapular, and thigh) were measured in all women beginning at week 20 of gestation through 4 weeks postpartum. Monthly evaluations were performed., Results: At the 28th week of gestation, nearly 40% of pregnant adolescents showed scores above the cut-off points in the depression test, while among the adults this proportion corresponded to 15%. In the adolescents, depression status was related to self-esteem. Percentage of body fat in adult women tended to be relatively constant, while in adolescents a tendency toward increased body fat was found. In adolescents, depressive symptomatology and especially lack of self-esteem and weight gain during pregnancy were the variables that better predicted the fat-increment pattern during gestation, while in adults no variable was found that predicted fat deposition., Conclusions: Depression status is a risk factor for excessive fat deposition during pregnancy in Mexican adolescents.

The human behavior and its social determinants are critical variables for understanding the etiology, treatment, and prevention of many disorders previously attributed to biological substrates. Among the many categories of human behavior to receive special attention from health researchers and practitioners are life events, coping responses and emotional state. The relation between these categories constituted a particular field of investigation. This relationship rather than forcing to focus on disease, distress, disability, and other failures in human functioning, permits to address health, abilities, resources, and other positive aspects of human functioning. On the other hand, the re-organization of health services considers interdisciplinary work as an objective, as it is necessary to care for the patient in an integral manner, with the consequent benefit of a more efficient service. In addition it is known that patients with psychosocial dysfunctions who use general practice care facilities overutilize these services in an unnecessary manner. With this in mind it is clear that is necessary to balance the service's cost-benefit for a more efficient clinical attention. In this paper we present the results of the categories mentioned above: life events, coping responses and its relationship with emotional state in a representative sample of 399 female patients who in 1986 received services at the National Institute of Perinatology-INPer-. Of these patients, 297 were obstetrical patients -OBS- and 102 gynaecological ones -GINE-. All patients answered these instruments: General Health Questionnaire -GHQ-7 of 30 items, a subscale of Health and Daily Living for Coping Responses and Life Events Scale.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)