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Objective: Identify and describe the variables and tools used in the investigations of lifestyles in Mexico about food. Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out. The search for documents was carried out on the Internet on Clarivate's Web of Science platform, with the words "lifestyle", "food", "Mexico or Mexican" and "habitus", with an age of ten years. Results: Three variables identified in the conceptualization of lifestyles considered: 1) characteristics of the individuals, tastes, and preferences; 2) social interactions; and 3) socioeconomic aspects, however, the aspects of social space and its interactions have been neglected. The investigations have mainly focused on issues such as obesity and diabetes, focusing in 2020 on dietary modifications from the Covid-19 alert. Limitations: Not having expanded the selection of documents using other search engines and using search terms in English. Conclusions: The analysis of lifestyles requires a holistic vision where the three variables presented allow making more accurate decisions on public policy, in this sense, delving into the social space and its interactions becomes necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is a worldwide trend of increasing rates of overweight and obesity in children under 5 years of age. Mothers' beliefs, perceptions, and attitudes towards feeding practices and obesity have direct implications on their children's health. Aim: To explore beliefs about feeding practices and childhood obesity among mothers with children under five years of age in northwestern Mexico. Methodology: Qualitative study with ethnographic approach. Using purposive sampling, nine semistructured interviews were conducted with women with an average of 12 years of education. Results: Beliefs included insecurity in assuming the role of mother, a low perception of family support, and beliefs that were not aligned with the recommendations of exclusive breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods. In addition, these held the belief that obesity is not a problem due to the young age of their children. Conclusions: There is ambivalence between the participants' beliefs and their practices regarding feeding and childhood obesity. It is imperative to develop education and communication strategies that provide evidence-based information that is easily accessible and available to mothers to prevent nutrition problems during early childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the unbalanced diet affects the environment through agriculture, as a high greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting sector that uses 70% of the world's water reserves. In addition, there is an inequality in the distribution and use of this resource that increased during the coronavirus confinement. The objective of this research was to identify changes in diet and water care in central Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic. An increase in the consumption of vegetables (71.7%) and fruits (64.9%) was found. In water care at home, attention to leaks (58.4%) and regulation of shower time (54.5%) showed an increase. Likewise, groups characterized by actions aimed at an adequate and less polluting diet, better water care and the perception of benefits in the participation of environmental care were also identified. The weekly CO2 emission of the diet allowed us to identify characteristics of food consumption during pandemics and a participation towards improving the ecosystem. This provides the basis to propose strategies that start from the activities carried out by people or that promote a greater incidence of these activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To describe infant and young child feeding indicators in children under 24 months of age in Mexico. Materials and methods. Analysis of the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2021 and 2022 (Ensanut 2021-2022) in women aged 14-59 and their children under 24 months (<24 months). The indicators were calculated considering the sample design of the surveys. Results. The 33.6% of children <6 months received exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and 27.2% of children <24 months did not receive EBF during the first three days of life, and were fed with commercial infant formula (CIF) or another liquid. Also, 42% of children between 6 and 23 months consumed unhealthy foods. Conclusions. Infant and young child feeding practices in Mexico must be protected through policies that regulate the commercialization of CIF and promote a work, social and political environment suitable for breastfeeding and infant care, so that parents and other caregivers can adopt adequate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to identify the pedagogical patterns within food consumption processes. The problem considers two aspects; first, according to health reports, our country suffers from overweight, obesity and malnutrition. Second, with regard to the food industries, although they operate under a business logic (marketing, management, administrative, etc.), the promotion strategies as a whole are designed to form community behaviors, in such a way that part of the feeding problems come from a systematic intentionality. Therefore, through a documentary research we achieved two results: 1) visibility of the food sale processes as a consumer pedagogy and 2) the design of some long-term intervention strategies to include the concept of «dignity of the person» as part of the management strategies of gastronomic businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an important change in the daily life of university students, impacting their health through their habits and emotional states. Objective: To analyze eating habits and identify their relationship with emotional states, as well as habits associated with the practice of physical activity in university students of the Universidad Vizcaya de las Américas in the Mexican city of Saltillo (Coahuila) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional design. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was carried out, 758 university students participated, with a mean age of 22.42 years (SD = 6.09). Results: It was found that 54.7% increased their physical activity practice and 45.7% reported eating more than before the pandemic. 31.3% presented a level of "non-emotional eater", while 25.5% reached a score of "emotional eater". A significant positive correlation (rho = 0.497, p <0.05) was found between the emotional eater index and negative affective states. The most frequently experienced affective state was being attentive (...= 2.92, S.D. = 1.13). Conclusions: The study of the implications of the pandemic in the health habits and emotional states of university students will allow generating strategies for making timely decisions for the adoption and maintenance of healthy habits. INSET: 151. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genera Iguana and Ctenosaura belong to the Iguanidae family, and populations of most species of these genera have decreased due to anthropogenic effects. The natural history of most species of this family is poorly known, including Ctenosaura similis. Therefore, this study documents some ecological aspects of the species, such as its feeding habits, and habitat and microhabitat use in a population of Isla Contoy in Quintana Roo, Mexico. The data showed that even though C. similis is distributed throughout the island, individuals more commonly use human construction (buildings) of Parque Nacional Isla Contoy (PNIC) and mangrove areas. Microhabitats most used by all age classes and sexes were rocks and trees. The diet of the species is omnivorous; however, the frequency of prey type consumed changes with the age of the individuals (hatchlings, juveniles, and adults), as well as with the season of the year. The practice of cannibalism by some individuals is also reported, as well as coprophagy and scavenging. This work provides general information on the life history of C. similis, complementing the scarce information that is currently available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The fruit of feijoa has gained international relevance due to its high nutraceutical properties. In contrast with New Zealand, Colombia, or Turkey, in Mexico, the cultivation of feijoa is incipient and in-home gardens. It occurs in the states of Mexico, Michoacán, Puebla, and Veracruz. The main problem that exists in Mexico for selling this fruit is a limited commercialization. Thus, studying the variables that influence the purchase decision process is relevant. The objective of the present study was to characterize sensory attributes that the consumer perceives in the fresh feijoa, as well as the degree of affection for this fruit. Method: The sensory characteristics of feijoa (Acca sellowiana) were analyzed and compared with those of the star fruit (Averrhoa carambola), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) and guava (Psidum guava). With the sensory profile of the four different fruits, a quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was performed, and an acceptability test was carried out to determine the affectivity that consumers have on certain attributes of the fruit. A peer preference test was also carried out, where only feijoa and guava were used to see if consumers had greater affection for any of them. Results and discussion: The sensory attributes that characterized the feijoa were the sweet aroma, intensity of aroma and residual fruit flavor. The star fruit excels in juiciness; the guava in intensity of aroma and acidity; and the kiwifruit in acidity and homogeneity. The Feijoa had the highest values in acidity, sweet aroma, intensity of aroma, homogeneity, hardness and residual fruit flavor. In terms of global acceptability, guava, kiwi, and feijoa were the most liked by the consumers. Conclusion: The feijoa showed superiority in most attributes. Its sweet aroma and the intensity of the aroma favored the preference with respect to the kiwi, star fruit and guava. In contrast, the feijoa juiciness, stickiness, and acidity had values that negatively affected its acceptability. The guava was accepted as long as it had less acidity. The kiwifruit had attributes such as stickiness and low residual fruit taste favorably accepted. The star fruit had the lowest acceptance due to the high acidity, however, it had attributes such as homogeneity and juiciness that consumers liked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Food, culture and space" is the result of a seminar on anthropology of food in which what is defined as a culinary region is explored from the concept of "sociocultural region". For the coordinators of this collective work, the culinary regions make up a complete cultural system. In this framework, case studies are presented that support the explicative capacity of this concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective is to analyze the food habitus and the changes in eating practices of pendulum and settled migrant agricultural workers in the city of Miguel Aleman in the state of Sonora. Based on an ethnographic approach, 21 in-depth interviews were conducted with both types of migrants from January 2016 to January 2018. We found that in these migrants, the consumption of industrialized products such as flours and sugars has increased, leading to malnutrition mainly in pendulum migrants and chronic diseases such as diabetes in settled migrants. We conclude that the food habitus is adjusted to the physical and economic availability of food and the logic of agricultural work, with eating structured as a practice of necessity. This reality materially and symbolically reproduces the subordinate position of agricultural workers in the face of the globalized economic and food production models, in which eating practices are debilitated by the difficulties of access to food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information provided in this work is a scientific look at the state of the art of growing rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) in Mexico, with special emphasis on its production as a main element in a multicultural system and the use of coverage as alternatives agroecological After a thorough review of the written information, it was found that this fruit is a viable option to increase the biodiversity of agroecosystems with tangible socioeconomic contributions and as an alternative contribution to monocultures such as African palm in the country with special significance for the Chiapas State, the establishment of this fruit as a food crop, for its high nutritional value, could be within the options as a regulatory food, within the agroecosystems, likewise, it constitutes an alternative production necessary for its adaptability to the manifest effects of irregularities as a result of climate change. In the present work a description is made about the development of rambutan cultivation in Mexico. The main scientific results obtained in the country are addressed to achieve productive and marketable successes at national and international level, the main obstacles and opportunities for their production are exposed by conventional and agroecological methods, their advantages and disadvantages. The results of a diagnosis made in a town of Villa Comaltitlán Municipality in Chiapas are presented. Finally, the reasons why it is necessary to start a training process based on the results of the investigations initiated a decade ago of having established the rambutan in this locality are observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Strict adherence to personal health recommendations is necessary to improve the clinical control of arterial hypertension.Objective: To identify predictors of the behavior to avoid the "consumption of restricted foods" in a sample of hypertensive patients from Tamaulipas, Mexico.Method: Participants were 183 patients with arterial hypertension diagnosis, who completed two self-administered questionnaires and different questions regarding adherence and self-care behaviors. A trajectory analysis was used for the interpretation of data.Results: Less tolerance to frustration, a major affective social support and a lower body mass index were behavior predictors to avoid the consumption of restricted foods (pBS= 0.294, χ2/gl= 1.417, GFI = 0.993, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.934, IFI = 0.980 y SRMR = 0.040), explaining approximately 20% of the variance in the study behavior.Conclusion: The study of adherence and self-care behaviors demands to identify what and how some personal and interpersonal variables are influencing in their daily practice, which can contribute to improve the interdisciplinary interventions programs in clinical and communitarian settings for attending patients living with arterial hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present study is to understand the way that families from Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, have perceived the evolution of their way of feeding, because of globalization. Nine people from different types of families and socio-economical levels were invited, who oversee the family food, to inquire the meanings they give to it, through a qualitative methodology, conducting open interviews and observations. Results. The results express the way in which they have integrated processed foods exposing the socioeconomic factors that they perceive like the triggers of those changes. Limitations. The study describes the psychosocial factors, commenting at first instance some uncertainty on what is healthy to consume and at the same time, nostalgia for what was previously consumed. In conclusion, it can be argued that families have had to adapt themselves in creative ways to survive in the globalized world and that, in a certain way, there has been a constant departure from culinary traditions due to mainly socioeconomic aspects; likewise, the social discourse of what is healthy has partially modified the Yucatecan diets to begin to adapt to a homogenized pattern of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper was identify the cultural, socioeconomics, and environmental factors which have influence over the women to practice the horticulture in the garden, and know the financial profits of the vegetables production in containers. Using a non-probabilistic sampling, 114 women were selected around in the peri-urban zone of Cardel City, Veracruz, México. An interview was realized to get the availability to practice of peri-urban horticulture (APPUH) and families were classified into four socio economic levels. The cost/benefit ratio was used to estimate the financial profit. The result of the APPUH is favorable, and four of six containers have a positive cost/benefit. Multiple factors affect the APPUH while the environmental factor determinate which vegetable could grow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the current scene of food in México. It also roughs out a proposal of food self-sufficiency according to the solidarity collaboration network model (SCN). The study found that safety and food sovereignty in Mexico is weak due to multiple factors, mainly those related to global market. The model SCN represents an alternative to the dominant economic system, so our proposal considers a production and consumption chain (co-partnership) centered on the locality. The proposal represents a strategy aimed at the most vulnerable rural population in order to organize integrally the production-consumption and diversify food of high nutritional value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the impact of the Human Development Programme Oportunidades (Programa de Desarrollo Humano Oportuni-dades-PDHO) in in nine villages of the municipality of Santa Maria of the Oro, Nayarit. We applied Multivariate Discriminant Analysis as our methodology in this study.The main results are the following: 1) the relevant variables in family welfare are income, expenses and programme continuity; 2) evidence supports that if households remain for a long time in Oportunidades, the bigger the food support and therefore expenses; 3) there exist a positive relation between the town marginal-ization degree and PDHO belonging; 4) households have a positive judgment regard PDHO belonging respect to children education and scholar performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe the variety of feeding in households with children under five years by level of food insecurity. Materials and methods. We analyzed data from the database of the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2008, using the Mexican Scale for Food Security and constructed variables for "per capita expenditure", "purchase frequency" and "quantity purchased" for 12 food groups, associating them with food insecurity (FI). Results. The prevalence of households classified with food insecurity was 48%. We found a relationship between lower food variety and greater food insecurity, with a possible "substitution effect" of protein sources among households with FI. Conclusion. As food insecurity severity increased, the variety of the diet decreased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hunger in Mexico is an even more serious problem than commonly thought. Those who are not undernourished are malnourished. The Mexican population is either starving or obese. Only 14% of the population has good nutritional habits.The main cause is the change in the food supply due to the opening of commercial borders between Mexico and the United States. As part of NAFTA, a great variety of processed food products has arrived, causing a diabetes epidemic which has become the leading cause of death in our country. Thus, this "Crusade against Hunger" is insufficient and more forceful public policies are called for, namely, a tax on imported processed food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to determine the introduction of industrialized modern food in the habitual diet of two Mayan communities of Yucatan, Mexico, as well as some factors, on both the community and the home level, which may explain this incorporation. This transversal study is conformed of 51 families selected through systematic sampling without replacement. The information was obtained from a structured interview that included socioeconomic variables, habitual diet, frequency of food consumption, economic activities, availability of food and governmental assistance. Parametric statistical tests were used to identify differences between communities and families with regard to the consumption of industrialized modern food. The results demonstrate the consumption of modern industrialized food in the habitual diet of both communities without significant differences at this level, but differences were registered at the home level. The role of emigration and social programs in the incorporation of industrialized modern food in the habitual diet of the Mayan homes of these communities is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fundulus lima inhabits river drainage systems and is threatened after the introduction of cichlids in the area. To support conservation programs, the spatial and temporal variation of the diet composition of this endangered killifish, was determined in two oasis systems of Baja California Sur, Mexico (San ignacio and La Purisima river drainages), during rainy and dry seasons. F. lima was captured by using passive and active capture techniques. A total of 192 stomach contents of F. lima was analyzed. The contribution of each prey item in the diet composition was quantified by means of the indices of occurrence frequency (% OF), numerical (%N) and volume (%V) percentages. The relative importance of each prey item was determined according to the percentage of the Relative importance index (%RII). The similarity of the diet was calculated between hydrological basins (populations combined by basin), seasons (rainy versus dry months), sexes and size classes, by using Schoener's resource overlap index. We used two ecological indices to determine the type of feeding strategy exhibited by the fish: (1) niche breadth of Levins and (2) proportional similarity of Feisinger. Sand was the most abundant item in the stomach content of killifishes from both drainages (39% and 47%, respectively). Diet composition was similar for both drainages (74%) as well as among their respective size classes; however, it was different between sexes. in both drainages, F. lima predated mainly on diatom algae, dipterous and trichopteran larvae, and fish scales during the dry season; while it preferred dipterous larvae, filamentous algae and ostracods in the rainy season. A feeding strategy of opportunist type was exhibited by F. lima during the rainy season, changing to specialist type during the dry season. This information will be the basis for future investigations related to the conservation of this endangered species and its habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Corn has been from the prehispanic era, the most important feeding plant in the Mexican population, particularly in the most important sectors and in marginal areas. In this setting, enriching the product as flour implies an increase in its nutritional quality, especially because corn is the basic food. Objective: To assess the effect of the consumption of corn flour enriched with 3% soybean, vitamins, and minerals on the growth and development of infants and preschool children. Material and methods: experimental study lasting 10 months. The experimental group (n = 195) received enriched corn flour whereas the control group (n = 200) received non-enriched flour. The indicators were: nutritional status, mental and psychomotor development, and blood hemoglobin levels. Results: in the total sample, there were no differences between the experimental group and the control group. However, there were improvements in the weight-to-height and weight-to-age indexes in the children consuming enriched flour and in children older than one year, who were the babies of indigenous women living in marginal areas. Conclusions: enriched corn flour appears to be an alternative benefitting the children population with higher nutritional deficiencies. However, a longer intervention is necessary to obtain better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud is the property of Centro de Estudiso Avanzados en Ninez y Juventud alaianza Cinde, Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes the social perception of food security among housewives in the state of Michoacán, inhabitants of the rural and indigenous localities of the Purhépecha region and popular suburbs in the city of Morelia. Thus, we try to contribute to a better understanding of the meaning of food security and safety, particularly on what refers to risks in the food styles of low-income families, their context, the long term changes in their diet, and the efforts to protect and even improve their food consumption. In urban spaces, women perceive risks mainly in food quality (food safety), whereas in rural areas both access to food (food security) and low food quality are perceived as risks. We have discovered two new features on the perception of food security: time availability of the urban housewife to cook, and the valuable continuity in rural areas of an ethnic culture with women's skills and knowledge. There is still much to do to reach the different types of food security, and achieve a real food democracy, together with an acceptable evolution of Mexico regarding nutritional issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The food crisis that took place in Mexico in 2008, which was reflected in the increase of international prices of staple products, was not a new phenomenon. It was directly related to the accentuation of a structural problem represented by an insufficiency in agricultural supply at the domestic level. This shortage presents asymmetries in access to food products, and has strong repercussions in people's nutritional situation. The truth is that it was the first large crisis in the context of free market that intensified itself as an effect of the global economic recession, in addition to the accumulated deterioration in the purchasing capacity of nearly half of the Mexican population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Mexico the nutritional imbalances for excess due to the acquisition of feeding inadequate habits constitute a risk for the development of obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To determine the vascular and metabolic characteristics and the dietary patterns in a group of diabetic and hypertensive female patients in a rural population from Michoacán, México. Material and methods: A prospective, comparative, observational, cross-sectional study, survey type in a rural community, was carried out. We recorded fasting glycaemia, weight, height, waist perimeter, body mass index, and blood pressure, exposition of wood smoke and smoking habits. We recorded the food that the patients ate in the last 24 hours before they were in the survey. As control group we recorded the same parameters from fifty women living at the same community. Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 3.94% and 6.3% for hypertension. In the control group there was a high frequency of obesity and central adiposity, without any difference with the patients. The food profile is a very traditional profile in which the starches predominate fundamentally from the tortilla and the beans. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes is very low, though the prevalence of abdominal obesity and overweight in the above mentioned population is very high and it was associated with the number of tortillas consumed. Conclusions: In a population of women of the rural means, with traditional feeding, in spite of the low prevalence of hypertension and diabetes there is a great frequency of obesity related to high tortillas consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out between January and April 2008 with 14 caregivers of children younger than 5 years residing in Tizimín city, Mexico. It aimed to understand the social representations of eating and the Programa Oportunidades [Opportunity Program] held by caregivers taking into account their social and cultural context. This qualitative investigation with an ethnographic approach was based on participant observation and semistructured interviews. Two empirical categories emerged: 1) feeding and 2) an aid. The first refers to the caregivers' representation of eating patterns of children younger than 5 years and the second reveals that the program is considered an aid, which favors and helps caregivers to meet part of their needs. The study achieved the proposed objectives since it enabled us to understand caregivers in the complex task of feeding these children and also to propose strategies in several spheres to improve infant nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desacatos is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The field work for this study was conducted in the region of Mazateca in the State of Oaxaca-, one of the poorest indigenous regions of Mexico. The objective was to understand the relationship between the levels of knowledge gained through the Farmer Field Schools methodology, and the availability of basic alimentary resources of indigenous farmers focused mainly on the production of corn for personal consumption. The following variables were analyzed: 1) level of knowledge of applicable ecological technology; 2) production volumes of corn per hectare; 3) corn production; and 4) the amount of time for which the harvest supplies corn for the peasant household's alimentary needs. A survey was conducted, summing up a sample of 72 participants, each provided with a questionnaire; 36 participants attend Farmer Field Schools; the remaining 36 respondents made up the control group. Our statistical model included: ANOVA, multiple comparisons and correlations having significance levels. We found that the level of knowledge gained from Farmer Field Schools is directly proportional to the basic food availability of corn. This implies for similar physical and human geographical contexts, that by increasing the level of relevant knowledge through the Farmer Field Schools, this method could potentially represent a useful tool in the fight against hunger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is related to the anthropology of food and nutrition. The main idea is that the acts of eating or not eating express several meanings whose complexity demands a biomedical and cultural perspective. Overweight and obesity have become serious public health issues in Mexico, not only in urban areas, but in rural areas as well, where a concern with physical appearance is being detected among women. The present paper is a first approach to the subject of body perception in two different groups of women from Oaxaca: a mestizo group from the southern coastal area and an indigenous group from the "Sierra de Juárez". Their ages vary between fifteen and fifty years. It has been observed that women from the coast are more prone to overweight and obesity, hence, there is a greater concern with looking fat and they wish to be slim. There have been some cases of anorexia and bulimia detected. This is not the case with indigenous women from the Sierra. Based on the results of this study, the possibility of doing further research in this topic is discussed in order to include aspects related with body perception in future educational nutritional programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an ethnographic study of eight Mexican families in Aguascalientes, family dynamics, diet and their relationship with socioeconomic conditions and indicators were analyzed considering them an expression of adopting modern family consumption patterns. Four localities were chosen - two rural and two urban. Life history of the person preparing the food in addition to household socioeconomic data was compiled. Regarding family dynamics only those that participated in the income earning, domestic activities and dietary decision-making were considered. According to the residential area and socio-economical conditions the analysis differentiated, and indicators of change were described. Mothers play a significant role in income earning. Aguascalientes' rapid socioeconomic transition has not yet been significantly reflected in the widespread purchasing of industrialized foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper reflects on utilization of the gender category in food and nutrition studies in Mexico. It highlights women's important role as caretakers of family health and nutrition. Briefly the authors review how women have been analysed in the different food an nutrition surveys; how gender has been effaced in the "mean per capita", and how women have been taken into account only as far as their reproductive role. This paper also outlines the importance of including the gender category and gender approach in food and nutrition studies; in order to clearly visualize the feeding inequities among men and women throughout the stages of the feeding process, i.e. decision, provision, preparation, distribution and intake. Moreover, improved understanding of women's nutrition practices and meanings that foods convey to women is advocated. In the conclusion the absolute need to articulate the gender issue in nutrition, nursing and medical academic curricula is stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines different approaches to nutrition and food consumption practices in Mexico in terms of conceptual focus, analytical tools and major debates. Four approaches are analyzed: research that examines Mexican public policy vis-à-vis food production and distribution; economic studies focusing on the analysis of the national food pattern; anthropological investigation based on cultural feeding habits and research from a nutritional perspective, studying food consumption and its relation to population nutritional status. This paper points out that the above approaches do not consider a gender perspective, and reviewing some studies based on a gender category as their central analysis tool, the paper underlines the need to conduct further research on gender differences between men and women and their access to productive resources, income management and food distribution and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this article is to study food policies and their importance for social capital formation within the context of State reform in Mexico and Latin America. In order to achieve this goal we divide our paper in three parts. In the first part, we study state reform from a new theoretical perspective, analyzing new complex proposals and their relationships with decentralization and emerging actors. Secondly, we describe the phases that social food policy has undergone, as well as its effect on social organization. Finally, we study new food policies in Mexico and their probable perspectives for success from the point of view of establishing social capital which is an important part of the emerging theories on society and state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk is a liquid food that possesses an important quantity of highly bioavailable macronutrients. In addition, it is readily accessible, as well as relatively inexpensive. Given that the knowledge of physicians about nutrition and food composition is deficient, in general, many of the dietary interventions recommended in diverse clinical settings lack a scientific basis. The aim of the present review was to produce a technical opinion that serves as a frame of reference to best sustain recommendations for consuming milk and dairy products as daily nutrition in the adult and older adult. The effects of milk and dairy products during the pediatric stage are not addressed in the present work. The Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología and the Asociación Mexicana de Gerontología y Geriatría jointly discussed and analyzed topics dealing with the legal designation of milk, the classification and nutritional profile of cow's milk, its nutritional characteristics, its consumption in the adult, intolerance to cow's milk, and associations of milk consumption with digestive tract alterations and other conditions. Finally, certain aspects of milk consumption in the older adult and its relation to overall health are briefly discussed., (Copyright © 2019 Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.)

Feeding habits of the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in two different localities of Mexico were studied by the analysis of 197 and 922 scats. Lagomorphs, and rodents were the more important prey items in both places. At El Plomito, state of Sonora, we found 18 different prey species, and the most important were Sylvilagus audubonii (35.5%), Lepus sp. (31.5%), Neotoma albigula (14.0%), Odocoileus sp. (2.9%), and Spermophilus variegatus (1.7%), while in El Ajusco, central Mexico, we found 28 prey species, and the most important were Sylvilagus floridanus (41.6%), Sylvilagus cunicularius ((15.4%), Romerolagus diazi (12.3%), Cratogeomys merriami (5.1%), and Sciurus aureogaster (4.9%). Our results support the theory that the bobcat, like other lynxes, is specialized to prey on rabbits and hares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]