1. Invasive pneumococcal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.
- Author
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Mao C, Harper M, McIntosh K, Reddington C, Cohen J, Bachur R, Caldwell B, and Hsu HW
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Racial Groups, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, HIV Infections complications, Pneumococcal Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Invasive pneumococcal infection (IPI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children. Data from a population-based pediatric HIV surveillance project were used to determine the incidence of IPI in HIV-infected children and to conduct a case-control study assessing potential risk factors for IPI in HIV-infected children. There were 50 episodes of IPI and a cumulative incidence of 6.1 cases/100 patient-years through age 7 years. Children with IPI were more likely to have a prior AIDS diagnosis (odds ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-15.1) and higher levels of IgG and IgM (P=.01) than were controls. In a separate case-control study, the manifestations of IPI in HIV-infected children were compared with those in HIV-negative controls. Focal complication rates in the 2 groups did not differ; however, HIV-infected children were less likely than controls to have leukocytosis (P<.001) and more likely to have isolates with penicillin resistance (P=.03).
- Published
- 1996
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