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Importance: Most ocular lesions have been described for children with congenital Zika syndrome. The frequency of finding ocular abnormalities is unknown among children exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy. This study was conducted on newborns whose mothers were positive for ZIKV, confirmed with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing., Objective: To report ocular fundus manifestations in newborns with congenital ZIKV exposure in French Guiana, Martinique, and Guadeloupe, French West Indies, to assess its prevalence. Risk factors, such as the presence of extraocular fetopathies and the gestational term at infection, were sought., Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a cross-sectional multicentric study, conducted from August 1, 2016, to April 30, 2019, for which data were collected prospectively. The study inception was at the beginning of 2016 from the onset of the ZIKV epidemic in the French West Indies. Newborns whose mothers tested positive (by RT-PCR) for ZIKV during pregnancy were included., Interventions: Fundus examination was performed using widefield retinal imaging after pupil dilation. Infection date, delivery mode, and newborn measurements were collected., Main Outcomes and Measures: Anomalies of the vitreous, choroid, retina, and optic disc., Results: A total of 330 children (mean [SD] age, 68 [IQR, 22-440] days; 170 girls [51.5%]) were included. Eleven children (3.3%) had perivascular retinal hemorrhages, and 3 (0.9%) had lesions compatible with congenital ZIKV infection: 1 child had torpedo maculopathy, 1 child had a chorioretinal scar with iris and lens coloboma, and 1 child had a chorioretinal scar. Retinal hemorrhages were found at childbirth during early screening. Lesions compatible with congenital ZIKV infection were not associated with the presence of extraocular fetopathy. Microcephaly was not associated with lesions compatible with congenital ZIKV infection (odds ratio [OR], 9.1; 95% CI, 0.8-105.3; P = .08), but severe microcephaly was associated with an OR of 81 (95% CI, 5.1-1297.8; P = .002)., Conclusions and Relevance: Results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the ocular anomalies found may be associated with ZIKV in 0.9% of the exposed population. Ocular lesions were rare, affected mostly the choroid and retina, and seemed to be associated with choroiditis-related scarring that developed during fetal growth.

Introduction: Several US and Jamaican studies have shown that glaucoma is more severe in black populations than in Caucasian populations, which would lead to the assumption that the people of Martinique have a high glaucoma risk., Methods: A prospective study was conducted in workers of Fort de France University Hospital with the occupational medicine unit. Intraocular pressure was measured with a pulse air tonometer (Topcon CT 60) and visual field abnormalities were detected with automated perimetry using Humphrey frequency doubling technology (FDT). Patients with known glaucoma or with intraocular pressure over 21 mmHg and/or a visual field abnormality were referred to ophthalmology examination to diagnose ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma or normal-pressure glaucoma., Results: The occupational medicine unit examined 813 workers. The sex ratio was 0.36, mean age was 45.35+/-8.4 years (22-64 years), and mean ocular pressure was 12.1+/-2.62 mmHg (6-28 mmHg). Roughly 20% of workers had a family history of glaucoma. We found 22 patients with glaucoma (2.7%) (CI95: 1.6%-4%): 12 patients had open-angle glaucoma (1.5%) and 10 patients were diagnosed with normal-pressure glaucoma (1.3%). Glaucoma prevalence increased with age, reaching 8% in patients over 55 years of age. Of patients with normal-pressure glaucoma, 42.9% had a family history of glaucoma., Conclusion: Our results confirm previous data from the literature that found higher glaucoma prevalence in black people and in particular in the mixed-race population of Martinique. In addition to this ethnic feature, the insularity of Martinique could support glaucoma expression. Easy and fast to use, FDT associated with the pulse air tonometer provides early detection of glaucoma.